Silicone resin to improve corrosion resistance of Zn and ZnFe coated steel

Chromatation pre-treatments have been widely used to improve galvanized steel corrosion resistance. However, due to the high toxicity of chromate ions, chromatation pre-treatments tend to be banned and, in last years, alternative coating systems are under investigation. Recently, polysiloxanes have been developed for application as coatings. Among them, and due to their specific properties, such as hardness, chemical resistance and hydrophobicity, silicone resins may be considered as promising substitutes for chromatation pre-treatments. In this work silicone films, obtained from the hydrolysis of a methoxy functional silicone reactive intermediate, were applied on galvanized steel and on steel electroplated with a ZnFe alloy. Electrochemical techniques were used to characterize the degradation behavior of the samples. These consisted on the monitoring of the open circuit potential (OCP), and on the potentiodynamic polarization of the samples, which was performed in a 3% NaCl aqueous solution. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used as a complementary technique for the evaluation of the corrosion mechanisms of the coating system. SEM and EDS were employed to inspect the surface of the samples before and after the electrochemical tests. EIS data was fitted to an equivalent circuit from which the electrochemical parameters were obtained. Results show the protective character of the resin films, when compared with uncovered specimens. The capacitance of the films increased with the immersion time, in accordance to the behavior expected for an organic film. The overall performance of the coating systems appears to be highly dependent on the type of metallic coating applied to the steel. During the first three days of immersion the coatings applied upon galvanized steel showed larger |Z| values when compared with those applied to the electroplated steel, indicating a superior corrosion resistance of the former. However, after that time, an abrupt drop of |Z| is observed in the film applied on galvanized steel. In comparison, the coating system involving ZnFe alloy evidences a better stability throughout the immersion time.1623Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Low Frequency Bands Of Li2co3 Crystal

The i.r. and raman spectra below 300 cm-1 have been recorded for polycrystalline 6Li2CO3 and 7Li2CO3. No observed bands have shown the characteristic isotopic frequency shifts expected for the Li+ translations. The number of observed bands has been compared with that of the Co2- 3 translational and rotational modes by the factor group analysis. © 1979.354379Elfusa,Mineracao Jundu,NetzschZemann, Die Kristallstruktur von Li2CO3 (1957) Acta Crystallographica, 10, p. 664Tarte, (1964) Spectrochim. Acta, 20, p. 238Brooker, Bates, Raman and Infrared Spectral Studies of Anhydrous Li2CO3 and Na2CO3 (1971) The Journal of Chemical Physics, 54, p. 4788I.V.P. Yoshida and Y. Hase, unpublished dataHase, Yoshida, Low frequency bands of Li2CO3 crystal (1979) Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy, 35 A, p. 37

Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Poly-p-sliphenylenes

The syntheses of some representative low molecular weight poly-p-silphenylenes containing SiMe2 or SiPh2 groups in the main chain are using either THF or Et2O as solvent. The insertion of the butylenoxy units in the main chains of the polymers was observed when THF was used as a solvent. The polymers were characterized by a combination of IR,1H and13C - NMR spectra and vapour pressure osmometric analysis. The thermal behaviour of the poly-p-silphenylenes was analysed by thermogravimetry. © 1992 Springer-Verlag.291-2354

Raman And Infrared Spectra Of6li2c2o4 And7li2c2o4

Raman and infrared spectra of polycrystalline6Li2C2O4 and7Li2C2O4 have been investigated in the wavenumber region from 1,800 to 40 cm-1. The internal C2O4 -2 vibrations have been studied on the basis of a D2h molecular structure and the correlation field splittings have been found to be about 40 cm-1 for the stretching modes and about 15 cm-1 for the bending modes. The external vibrations of the Li+ and C2O4 -2 sites have been discussed by considering the results of the factor group analysis and the6Li/7Li isotope effect on the normal vibrations. © 1980 Springer-Verlag.11161265127

Luminescent Properties Of A Silicone-carbazolyl Polyfluorene Hybrid Material For Device Applications

In the present work, bilayered hybrids obtained by hydrosilylation of polysiloxane with carbazolyl moieties (Sil-Cz) and polyfluorene (Sil-PFO) had their photophysical behavior, morphological characteristics and interaction properties studied for applications in electroluminescent devices. Fluorescence spectra of the Sil-Cz did not show emission in the excimer/aggregate region (from 400 to 500 nm). This is an unexpected behavior since most of the carbazole-based materials present excimer and aggregation. Nonetheless, this unusual observation was also predicted by geometry optimization calculations. Fluorescence spectra were taken for both compounds separately and for the bilayered system show some evidence of interaction between carbazolyl and polyfluorene moieties, giving rise to the supposition that the can form a system with tunable luminescent properties. Copyright © 2010 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.2961170175Weyenberg, D.R., Lanes, T.H., (1990) Silicon Based Polymer Science: A Comprehencive Resource, , J. M. Zigler, F. W. G. Fearon, Eds., Adv. Chem. Ser 224, American Chemical Society, Washington DCChalk, A.J., Harrod, J.F., (1965) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 87, pp. 16-21Domingues, R.A., Yoshida, I.V.P., Atvars, T.D.Z., (2010) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys. Ed., 48, pp. 74-81Belfield, D., Najjar, O., Plus, S.M., (1998) Polym. Prep, 39, pp. 445-446Miyate, S., Nalva, H.S., (1998) Organic Electroluminescet Materials and Devices, , Gordon and Breach, TokyoAkcelrud, L., (2003) Progr. Polym. Sci., 28, pp. 875-962MacHado, A.M., Neto, J.D.D., Cossiello, R.F., Atvars, T.D.Z., Ding, L., Karasz, F.E., Akcelrud, L., (2005) Polymer, 46, pp. 2452-2460Ego, C., Marsitzky, D., Becker, S., Zhang, J.Y., Grimsdale, A.C., Mullen, K., MacKenzie, J.D., Friend, R.H., (2003) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, pp. 437-443Leclerc, M., (2001) J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem., 39, pp. 2867-2873Chochos, C.L., Kallitsis, J.K., Gregoriou, V.G., (2005) J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, pp. 8755-8760Grisorio, R., Piliego, C., Striccoli, M., Cosma, P., Fini, P., Gigli, G., Mastrolliri, P., Nobile, C.F., (2008) J. Prhys. Chem. C, 112, pp. 20076-20087Lee, T.W., Park, J.J., Kwon, Y., Hayakawa, T., Choi, T.L., Park, J.H., Das, R.R., Kakimoto, M.A., (2008) Langmuir, 24, pp. 12704-12709Nowacki, B., Iamazaki, E.T., Cirpan, A., Karasz, F., Atvars, T.D.Z., Akcelrud, L., (2009) Polymer, 50, pp. 6057-6064Brewer, P.J., Demello, A.J., Demello, J.C., Lane, P.A., Bradley, D.D.C., Fletcher, R., O'Brien, J., (2006) J. Appl. Phys., 99, p. 114502Brewer, P.J., Lane, P.A., Huang, J., Demello, A.J., Bradley, D.D.C., Demello, J.C., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 71, p. 205209Martins, T.D., Weiss, R.G., Atvars, T.D.Z., (2008) J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 19, pp. 1450-1461Souza, A.A., Cossiello, R.F., Plivelic, T.S., Mantovani, G.L., Faria, G.C., Atvars, T.D.Z., Torriani, I.L., Deazevedo, E.R., (2008) Eur. Polym. J., 44, pp. 4063-4073Bloise, A.C., Deazevedo, E.R., Cossiello, R.F., Bianchi, R.F., Balogh, D., Faria, R.M., Atvars, T.D.Z., Bonagamba, T.J., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 71, p. 171202Faria, G.C., Plivelic, T.S., Cossiello, R.F., Souza, A.A., Atvars, T.D.Z., Torriani, I.L., De Azevedo, E.R., (2009) J. Phys. Chem. B., 113, pp. 11403-11413Clark, M., Cramer III, R.D., Van Opdenbosch, N., (1989) J. Comp. Chem., 10, p. 982. , Spartan 5.0: Program for Molecular Mechanics and Quantum Chemical CalculationsUniversity of California, USA, 1997Oliveira, H.P.M., Martins, T.D., Honõrio, K.M., Rodrigues, P.C., Akcelrud, L., Silva, A.B.F., Atvars, T.D.Z., (2009) J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 20, pp. 160-166MacHado, A.M., Munaro, M., Martins, T.D., Davila, L.Y.A., Giro, R., Caldas, M.J., Atvars, T.D.Z., Akcelrud, L.C., (2006) Macromolecules, 39, pp. 3398-3407Skilton, P.F., Ghiggino, K.P., (1984) Polym. Photochem., 5, pp. 179-19

Poly(borosilazanes) As Precursors Of Si - B - C - N Glasses: Synthesis And High Temperature Properties

Poly(borosilazanes) with Si/B molar ratios of 3 and 9 were synthesized, via hydroboration, from vinyl-substituted cyclotrisilazane, [CH2= CH(CH3)SiNH]3, and borane-trimethylamine adduct, (CH 3)3N:BH3. The poly(borosilazanes) were pyrolyzed up to 1000°C under nitrogen atmosphere, resulting in amorphous silicon boron carbonitride glasses (SiBCN). An almost complete retention of the B content was observed in these products. The high temperature behavior of SiBCN glasses was studied by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The glasses containing the larger amounts of boron remained amorphous to higher temperatures when compared with the parent B-free SiCN glass, which, at 1500°C, crystallizes in SiC. At 2000°C, the ceramic product derived from SiBCN was characterized as BN/SiC composite. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.348156161Kroke, E., Li, Y.-L., Konetschny, C., Lecomte, E., Fasel, C., Riedel, A., (2000) Mater. Sci. Res. R, (26), p. 97Jansen, M., Jäschke, B., Jäschke, T., (2002) Struct. Bond., 101, p. 137Aldinger, F., Weimann, M., Bill, J., (1998) Pure Appl. Chem., 70, p. 439Schmidt, W.R., Narsavage-Heald, D.M., Jones, D.M., Marchetti, P.S., Raker, D., Maciel, G.E., (1999) Chem. Mater., 11, p. 1455Wang, Z., Aldinger, F., Riedel, R., (2001) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84, p. 2179Schiavon, M.A., Sorarù, G.D., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2002) J. Non-Crystal. Solids, 304, p. 76Bellamy, L.J., (1966) The Infrared Spectra of Complex Molecules, , Methuen, LondonHan, H.N., Lindquist, D.A., Haggerty, J.S., Seyferth, D., (1992) Chem. Mater., 4, p. 705Funayama, O., Nakahara, H., Tezuka, A., Ishii, T., Isoda, T., (1994) J. Mater. Sci., 29, p. 2238Bahloul, D., Pereira, M., Goursat, P., Yive, N.S.C.K., Corriu, R.J.P., (1993) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76, p. 1156Yive, N.C.K., Corriu, R.J.P., Leclerq, D., Mutin, P.M., Vioux, A., (1992) Chem. Mater., 4, p. 141(1973) Powder Diffraction File Search Manual, , Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards, SwarthmoreShirahata, N., Kijima, K., Ma, X.L., Ikuhara, Y., (2001) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 140, p. 3969Winternitz, P.F., Carotti, A.A., (1960) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82, p. 2430Bahloul, D., Pereira, M., Goursat, P., (1993) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76, p. 116

Effect Of Siloxane On The Morphology Of Chitosan-hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite

Chitosan/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ precipitation method using Ca(NO3)2, H3PO4 and chitosan, in presence, or not, of siloxane. The nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The results showed that the formed carbonated hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanophase was poorly crystalline and uniformly dispersed in the chitosan matrix. The siloxane-modified chitosan nanocomposite presented a highly aligned HAP nanoparticles dispersed in the chitosan matrix.2876Pamela, J.V., Howard, W.T.M., Stephen, P.D., Lois, M., Bin, W., Paul, H.W., (2002) J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 58, p. 585Hasegawa, I., Ishida, M., Motojima, S., (1994) Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, 24, p. 109

Processing Of Monolithic Ceramic Bodies From Polysiloxane Precursor

A low temperature process for the manufacture of ceramic-body composite, with preceramic polymer as binder, has been shown to be a promising technique for the preparation of monolithic ceramic blocks in a process that excluded powder-sintering phenomena. This work reports the direct transformation of a silicone polycyclic network into silicon oxycarbide in the presence of ceramic powders, such as SiC or Si3N4, which act as inert fillers. They prevent the shrinkage usually observed during polymer pyrolysis. The preparation of ceramic bodies using a ceramic powder/polysiloxane system was achieved by hydrosilylation reaction between functional siloxane cyclic oligomers, using a transition metal catalyst (PtII) in the presence of the powder filler, at different volume fractions. In order to develop green bodies, the ceramic powder/polysiloxane mixtures were pressed and cured at 70°C for 3 hours. Afterwards, they were then pyrolysed in argon atmosphere at 1000°C, producing ceramic matrix composites SiC/SiCxO4-x and Si3N4/SiCxO4-x having no cracks. Microstructural characterization was performed by 29Si MAS NMR, suggesting a random distribution of SiC4, SiC3O, SiC2O2 and SiO4 sites in the SiCxO4-x phase. Scanning Electron Microscopy showed evidence of a homogeneous distribution of the polymer in the green bodies and in the SiCxO4-x phase after pyrolysis. Impact resistance and flexural strength performed mechanical characterization of the ceramic composites. The results highlighted the potential benefits of this strategy to produce resistant ceramic composite bodies.189-1914853Riedel, R., Passing, G., Schönfelder, M., Brook, R.J., (1992) Nature, 355, p. 714Gonon, M.F., Fantozzi, G., Murat, M., Disson, J.P., (1995) J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 15, p. 591Kin, Y., Kin, W., (1997) J. Mater. Sci. Let., 16, p. 1384Greil, P., Seibold, M., (1992) J. Mater. Sci., 27, p. 1053Greil, P., (1995) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 78 (4), p. 835Greil, P., (1998) Ceram. Forum. Intern., 75, p. 15Schwartz, K.B., Rowcliffe, D.J., Blum, Y.D., (1988) Adv. Ceram. Mater., 3 (4), p. 320Seyferth, D., Czubarow, P., (1994) Chem. Mater., 6, p. 10Lewis, J.A., Cima, M.J., Rhine, W.E., (1994) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 77 (7), p. 1839Radovanovic, E., Gozzi, M.F., Gonçalves, M.C., Yoshida, I.V.P., (1999) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 248, p. 37Michalczyk, M.J., Farneth, W.E., Vega, A.J., (1993) Chem. Mater., 5, p. 1687Niihara, K., (1990) Ceram. Soc. Japan, 99, p. 974Mano, E.B., (1991) Polímeros Como Materiais de Engenharia, pp. 9-17. , Ed. Blücher, SPKalfat, R., Babonneau, F., Gharbi, N., Zarrouk, H., (1996) J. Mater. Chem., 6, p. 1773Renlund, G.M., Prochaska, S., Doremus, R.H., (1991) J. Mater. Res., 6, p. 272

Investigation On Kinetics Of Thermal Decomposition In Polysiloxane Networks Used As Precursors Of Silicon Oxycarbide Glasses

In this study, polysiloxane networks prepared by hydrosilylation or hydrolysis/condensation reactions were considered to be potential precursors for Si-C-O systems. Different precursors had different pyrolytic properties, which was essentially due to their molecular architecture. The kinetics parameters, such as the activation energy, E (kJ/mol) involved in the polymer-to-ceramic conversion, were investigated by thermogravimetry using a multiple heating rate kinetic method. The relationships between the molecular architecture and the precursor composition were compared to that of a linear poly(dimethylsiloxane) precursor. Solid-state 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopies, density measurements, and X-ray diffraction measurements were made on the final samples. These products were typically amorphous, with a molecular structure formed by a random distribution of different silicon sites and variable amounts of free carbon residue. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.3041-392100Riedel, R., (1996) Materials Science and Technology. A Comprehensive Treatment, 17, p. 1. , R.W. Cahn, P. Haasen, E.J. Kramer (Eds.), VCH, WeinheimBill, J., Aldinger, F., (1999) Precursor-Derived Ceramics: Synthesis, Structures, and High Temperature Mechanical Properties, p. 33. , J. Bill, F. Wakai, F. Aldinger (Eds.), Wiley-VCH, WeinheimGreil, P., (1995) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 78, p. 835Renlund, G.M., Prochaska, S., Doremus, R.H., (1991) J. Mater. Res., 6, p. 2723Rouxel, T., Massouras, G., Sorarù, G.D., (1999) J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech., 14, p. 87Kalfat, R., Babonneau, F., Gharbi, N., Zarouk, H., (1996) J. Mater. Chem., 6, p. 1673Liu, Q., Shi, W., Babonneau, F., Interrante, L.V., (1997) Chem. Mater., 9, p. 2434Radovanovic, E., Gozzi, M.F., Gonçalves, M.C., Yoshida, I.V.P., (1999) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 248, p. 37Pantano, C.G., Singh, A.K., Zhang, H., (1999) J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech., 14, p. 7Gozzi, M.F., Gonçalves, M.C., Yoshida, I.V.P., (1999) J. Mater. Sci., 34, p. 155Gozzi, M.F., Yoshida, I.V.P., (1997) Eur. Polym. J., 33, p. 1301Schiavon, M.A., Pardini, L.C., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2001) Key Eng. Mater., 189, p. 48Redondo, S.U.A., Radovanovic, E., Torriani, I.L., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2001) Polymer, 42, p. 1319Ozawa, T., (1965) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 38, p. 1881Thomas, T.H., Kendrick, T.C., (1969) J. Polym. Sci.: Part A-2, 7, p. 537Campostrini, R., D'Andrea, G., Carturan, G., Ceccato, R., Sorarù, G.D., (1996) J. Mater. Chem., 6, p. 585Çolak, N., Akgün, A., (1999) Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 38, p. 647Tutas, M., Saglam, M., Yüksel, M., Güler, Ç., (1987) Termochim. Acta, 111, p. 121Li, D., Hwang, S.-T., (1992) J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 44, p. 1979Michalczyk, M.J., Farneth, W.E., Vega, A.J., (1993) Chem. Mater., 5, p. 1687(1973) Powder Diffraction File Search Manual, , Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standarts, SwarthmoreHurwits, F.I., Meador, M.A.B., (1999) J. Sol-Gel Sci. Tech., 14, p. 75Camino, G., Lomakin, S.M., Lazzari, M., (2001) Polymer, 42, p. 2395Ikeda, M., Nakamura, T., Nagase, Y., Ikeda, K., Sekine, Y., (1981) J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Chem. Ed., 19, p. 259

Glasses In The Si{single Bond}o{single Bond}c{single Bond}n System Produced By Pyrolysis Of Polycyclic Silazane/siloxane Networks

In this work, polycyclic silazane/siloxane networks bearing Si{single bond}O and Si{single bond}N bonds were synthesized, via hydrosilylation reaction, from cyclotrisilazane, [CH2{double bond, long}CH(CH3)SiNH]3, and cyclotetrasiloxane, [CH3(H)SiO]4, with different Si{single bond}H:Si{single bond}vinyl molar ratios. The resulting polymers were pyrolyzed up to 1000 °C, in N2 atmosphere, producing SiOCN glasses. The polymer-to-ceramic transformation was studied by thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and chemical analysis. The 1000-1500 °C, high temperature structural evolution was also studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR. The hydrosilylation reaction produced ethylenic bridge crosslinked polymeric precursors with good thermal stability. The SiOCN glasses obtained with ceramic yields higher than 80 wt% showed spectra absorptions of Si{single bond}N, Si{single bond}O, and Si{single bond}C bonds in FTIR. The XRD patterns of the products obtained at 1500 °C displayed diffraction peaks characteristic of β-SiC and a broad halo centered at 22° (2θ), due to the amorphous silica phase. β-SiC diffraction peaks in the XRD patterns were more intense for the precursor richer in polysiloxane units, although absorptions of Si{single bond}N, Si{single bond}C, and Si{single bond}O bonds were also observed in the FTIR spectra. Thus, the final materials were characterized as SiC/SiOCN composites in nano/amorphous phases. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.35322-2322802288Yajima, S., Omori, M., Hayashi, J., Okamura, K., Matsuzawa, T., Liaw, C.F., (1976) Chem. Lett., p. 551Yajima, S., Shishido, T., Kayano, H., (1976) Nature, 264, p. 237Schiavon, M.A., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2004) J. Mater. Sci., 39, p. 4507Bréquel, H., Parmentier, J., Walter, S., Badheka, R., Trimmel, G., Masse, S., Latournerie, J., Babonneau, F., (2004) Chem. Mater., 16 (13), p. 2585Schmidt, H., Borchardt, G., Muller, A., Bill, J., (2004) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 341, p. 133Pantano, C.G., Singh, A.K., Zhang, H., (1999) J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 14, p. 7Schiavon, M.A., Radovanovic, E., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2002) Powder Technol., 123, p. 232Kroke, E., Li, Y.-L., Konetschny, C., Lecomte, E., Fasel, C., Riedel, A., (2000) Mater. Sci. Res., R (26), p. 97Schiavon, M.A., Sorarù, G.D., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2002) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 304, p. 76Breuming, T., (1999) J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 49, p. 43Chollon, G., (2000) J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 20, p. 1959Bao, X., Edirisnghe, M.J., (1999) Compos.: Part A, 30, p. 601Pan, X., Mayer, J., Ruhle, M., Niihara, K., (1996) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 79, p. 585Rendtel, A., Hubner, H., Hermann, M., Schubert, C., (1998) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81, p. 1109Lee, S.Y., (1998) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81, p. 1262Iwamoto, Y., Volger, W., Kroke, E., Riedel, R., Saiton, T., Matsunaga, K., (2001) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 84, p. 2170Hemida, A.T., Birot, M., Pillot, J.P., Dunogues, J., Pailler, R., (1997) J. Mater. Sci., 32, p. 3475Borda, P.P., Legzdins, P., (1980) Anal. Chem., 52, p. 1777Schiavon, M.A., Sorarù, G.D., Yoshida, I.V.P., (2004) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 348, p. 156Parashar, V.K., Raman, V., Bahl, O.P., (1997) J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 16, p. 1260Lavedrine, A., Bahloul, D., Goursat, P., Coong Kwet Yive, N., Corriu, R., Leclerq, D., Mutin, H., Vioux, A., (1991) J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 8, p. 221Bahloul, D., Pereira, M., Goursat, P., Choong Kwet Yive, N.S., Corriu, R.J.P., (1993) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 76, p. 1156Sorarù, G.D., D'Andrea, G., Campostrini, R., Babonneau, F., (1995) J. Mater. Chem., 5 (9), p. 1363Bahloul, D., Pereira, M., Gérardin, C., (1997) J. Mater. Chem., 7, p. 109Gérardin, C., Taulelle, F., Bahloul, D., (1997) J. Mater. Chem., 7, p. 117Schmidt, W.R., Narsavage-Heald, D.M., Jones, D.M., Marchetti, P.S., Raker, D., Maciel, G.E., (1999) Chem. Mater., 11, p. 1455Soraru, G.D., Modena, S., Belotti, P., Das, G., Marrioto, G., Pavesi, L., (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, p. 749Sorarú, G.D., Suttor, D., (1999) J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol., 14, p. 69Radovanovic, E., Gozzi, M.F., Gonçalves, M.C., Yoshida, I.V.P., (1999) J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 248, p. 37Duan, R.G., Roebben, G., Vleugels, J., Van der Biest, O., (2005) Acta Mater., 53, p. 2547Wang, C.M., Emoto, H., Mitomo, M., (1998) J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81, p. 1125Scheffler, M., Pippel, E., Woltersdorf, J., Greil, P., (2003) Mater. Chem. Phys., 80, p. 56