Detection of EBER in inflamed gingival connective tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis.

<p>Serial sections of periodontitis lesion were stained with HE (a), EBER ISH (b) and (c) anti CD19 antibody, respectively. Original magnification; x200.</p

Occurrence of EBV DNA and periodontopathic bacteria in the subgingival samples from HC and patients with CP.

<p>Statistically significant; <i>P</i><0.01**, <i>P</i><0.05*; HC, healthy controls; CP, chronic periodontitis.</p

Patient characteristics.

<p>Healthy controls (HC); Chronic periodontitis (CP); PD, probing depth;</p><p>BOP, bleeding on probing.</p

Multilevel random intercept model for changes in CAL between the baseline and after 24 months (Model 1).

<p>Multilevel random intercept model for changes in CAL between the baseline and after 24 months (Model 1).</p

Mean values of the CAL changes during the 24-month follow-up period.

<p>CAL changes during the 24-month follow-up period are separately illustrated by the CAL at baseline and by the type of tooth surface. Baseline CAL values are divided into three groups: (A) <3mm; (B) 3 mm; and (C) > 3 mm.</p> <p>─●─: Maxillary molar, ---■---: Maxillary premolar, ···▲···: Maxillary anterior,</p> <p>─○─: Maxillary molar, ---□---: Maxillary premolar, ···△···: Maxillary anterior</p> <p>Baseline CAL values of < 3mm gradually deteriorated, while baseline CAL values of > 3 mm improved. Molars with a baseline CAL of 3 mm progressed, whereas premolars and anterior teeth were stable or improved.</p> <p>CAL: clinical attachment level.</p

CAL change patterns during the 24-month follow-up period.

<p></p><p></p><p></p><p>(A) Changes of the improved, slightly improved, stable, slightly progressed, progressed and fluctuated categories.</p><p>···▲···: Improved, ··△···: Slightly improved, ─●─: Stable.</p><p>---□---: Slightly progressed, ---■---: progressed, ─■─: Fluctuated</p><p>Differences in the CAL changes over 24 months were classified into six categories: ≤ -3 mm, improved; between -3 mm and -2 mm, slightly improved; between -1 mm to 1 mm, stable; between 1 mm and 2 mm, slightly progressed; 3mm, progressed. In addition, cases with both ≤ -3 mm and ≥ 3mm were classified as fluctuated.</p><p></p><p></p><p>(B) CAL progression patterns of the progressed category</p><p>···▲···: Cluster 1, ···△···: Cluster 2, ─●─: Cluster 3.</p><p>─□─: Cluster 4, —■—: Cluster 5</p><p>A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed for the progressed type portrayed in Fig. 2(A), and 5 clusters were generated. The slope of cluster 1 was moderate, and the slopes of the other clusters were steep. Cluster 1 may correspond to the linear-type progressed sites, and the other clusters may correspond to the burst-type progressed sites.</p><p></p><p></p><p></p> <p>(A) Changes of the improved, slightly improved, stable, slightly progressed, progressed and fluctuated categories.</p> <p>···▲···: Improved, ··△···: Slightly improved, ─●─: Stable.</p> <p>---□---: Slightly progressed, ---■---: progressed, ─■─: Fluctuated</p> <p>Differences in the CAL changes over 24 months were classified into six categories: ≤ -3 mm, improved; between -3 mm and -2 mm, slightly improved; between -1 mm to 1 mm, stable; between 1 mm and 2 mm, slightly progressed; 3mm, progressed. In addition, cases with both ≤ -3 mm and ≥ 3mm were classified as fluctuated.</p> <p>(B) CAL progression patterns of the progressed category</p> <p>···▲···: Cluster 1, ···△···: Cluster 2, ─●─: Cluster 3.</p> <p>─□─: Cluster 4, —■—: Cluster 5</p> <p>A hierarchical cluster analysis was performed for the progressed type portrayed in Fig. 2(A), and 5 clusters were generated. The slope of cluster 1 was moderate, and the slopes of the other clusters were steep. Cluster 1 may correspond to the linear-type progressed sites, and the other clusters may correspond to the burst-type progressed sites.</p