14,825 research outputs found
Theoretical correction to the neutral meson asymmetry
Certain types of asymmetries in neutral meson physics have not been treated
properly, ignoring the difference of normalization factors with an assumption
of the equality of total decay width. Since the corrected asymmetries in
meson are different from known asymmetries by a shift in the first order of CP-
and CPT-violation parameters, experimental data should be analyzed with the
consideration of this effect as in meson physics.Comment: 7 page
Nano granular metallic Fe - oxygen deficient TiO composite films: A room temperature, highly carrier polarized magnetic semiconductor
Nano granular metallic iron (Fe) and titanium dioxide (TiO) were
co-deposited on (100) lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO) substrates in a low
oxygen chamber pressure using a pulsed laser ablation deposition (PLD)
technique. The co-deposition of Fe and TiO resulted in 10 nm
metallic Fe spherical grains suspended within a TiO matrix. The
films show ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation magnetization of 3100 Gauss
at room temperature. Our estimate of the saturation magnetization based on the
size and distribution of the Fe spheres agreed well with the measured value.
The film composite structure was characterized as p-type magnetic semiconductor
at 300 K with a carrier density of the order of . The
hole carriers were excited at the interface between the nano granular Fe and
TiO matrix similar to holes excited in the metal/n-type
semiconductor interface commonly observed in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS)
devices. From the large anomalous Hall effect directly observed in these films
it follows that the holes at the interface were strongly spin polarized.
Structure and magneto transport properties suggested that these PLD films have
potential nano spintronics applications.Comment: 6 pages in Latex including 8 figure
Bayesian feedback control of a two-atom spin-state in an atom-cavity system
We experimentally demonstrate real-time feedback control of the joint
spin-state of two neutral Caesium atoms inside a high finesse optical cavity.
The quantum states are discriminated by their different cavity transmission
levels. A Bayesian update formalism is used to estimate state occupation
probabilities as well as transition rates. We stabilize the balanced two-atom
mixed state, which is deterministically inaccessible, via feedback control and
find very good agreement with Monte-Carlo simulations. On average, the feedback
loops achieves near optimal conditions by steering the system to the target
state marginally exceeding the time to retrieve information about its state.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Older consumers’ perceptions of functional foods and non-edible health-enhancing innovations
Increasing interest in health and well-being is likely to drive a growth in demand for products that have positive effects on health. Consumers’ acceptance of and willingness to buy functional foods has been widely studied, but there has not been research on consumers’ attitudes towards innovative non-edible products with health effects. This study examines how older consumers perceive functional foods and novel non-edible health-enhancing products, how willing they are to purchase such products, and how health orientation influences their views. As an example of a ‘radical’ innovation, consumers’ acceptance of rubbing their hands in a specific soil-based mixture to modulate the immune system is explored. The research material, 13 thematic interviews, was collected in Lahti region, Finland, in 2015. The study indicates that the older consumers’ market is not homogeneous. Based on a qualitative, in-depth approach, the study distinguishes four consumer segments with different lay understandings of health and attitudes towards health-enhancing products, which influence people's willingness to purchase such products. The segments are health-seeking consumers, cautious consumers, critical consumers and natural health consumers. Various motives and barriers for using products with health claims are also identified. The case of rubbing hands in organic soil-based mixture indicates the difficulty of predicting which consumer segment will first adopt this kind of ‘radical’ innovation. The results highlight that the credence qualities of a novel product must be communicated and advertised before entering the market while also taking into account the sensory properties of the product. ‘Radical innovations’ must be in a form that consumers can easily accept.Peer reviewe
Non-monotonic magnetic field and density dependence of in-plane magnetoresistance in dilute two-dimensional holes in GaAs/AlGaAs
We studied low temperature (T=50mK) in-plane magnetoresistance of a dilute
two-dimensional hole system in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure that exhibits an
apparent metal-insulator transition. We found an anisotropic magnetoresistance,
which changes dramatically at high in-plane fields (B_{\parallel}\agt5T) as
the hole density is varied. At high densities where the system behaves metallic
at , the transverse magnetoresistance is larger than the
longitudinal magnetoresistance. With decreasing the hole density the difference
becomes progressively smaller, and at densities near the "critical" density and
lower, the longitudinal magnetoresistance becomes larger than the transverse
magnetoresistance
The Built-In Sensor Bearing to Measure The Shaft Motion Of A Small Rotary Compressor For Air-Conditioning
The VLT-FLAMES survey of massive stars: constraints on stellar evolution from the chemical compositions of rapidly rotating Galactic and Magellanic Cloud B-type stars
We have previously analysed the spectra of 135 early B-type stars in the LMC
and found several groups of stars that have chemical compositions that conflict
with the theory of rotational mixing. Here we extend this study to Galactic and
SMC metallicities with the analysis of ~50 Galactic and ~100 SMC early B-type
stars with rotational velocities up to ~300km/s. The surface nitrogen
abundances are utilised as a probe of the mixing process.
In the SMC, we find a population of slowly rotating nitrogen-rich stars
amongst the early B type core-hydrogen burning stars, similar to the LMC. In
the Galactic sample we find no significant enrichment amongst the core
hydrogen-burning stars, which appears to be in contrast with the expectation
from both rotating single-star and close binary evolution models. However, only
a small number of the rapidly rotating stars have evolved enough to produce a
significant nitrogen enrichment, and these may be analogous to the non-enriched
rapid rotators previously found in the LMC sample. Finally, in each metallicity
regime, a population of highly enriched supergiants is observed, which cannot
be the immediate descendants of core-hydrogen burning stars. Their abundances
are, however, compatible with them having gone through a previous red
supergiant phase. Together, these observations paint a complex picture of the
nitrogen enrichment in massive main sequence and supergiant stellar
atmospheres, where age and binarity cause crucial effects. Whether rotational
mixing is required to understand our results remains an open question at this
time, but could be answered by identifying the true binary fraction in those
groups of stars that do not agree with single-star evolutionary models
(abridged).Comment: Accepted paper - 86 pages with tables and figure
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