2,431 research outputs found
Evaluation formulas for a conditional Feynman integral over Wiener paths in abstract Wiener space
summary:In this paper, we introduce a simple formula for conditional Wiener integrals over , the space of abstract Wiener space valued continuous functions. Using this formula, we establish various formulas for a conditional Wiener integral and a conditional Feynman integral of functionals on in certain classes which correspond to the classes of functionals on the classical Wiener space introduced by Cameron and Storvick. We also evaluate the conditional Wiener integral and conditional Feynman integral for functionals of the form which are of interest in Feynman integration theories and quantum mechanics
Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Endogenous Antioxidants for Patients with Chronic Subjective Dizziness
As a neurotologic disorder of persistent non-vertiginous dizziness, chronic subjective dizziness (CSD) arises unsteadily by psychological and physiological imbalance. The CSD is hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to complex motions visual stimuli. However, the pathophysiological features and mechanism of the CSD still remains unclearly. The present study was purposed to establish possible endogenous contributors of the CSD using serum samples from patients with the CSD. A total 199 participants were gathered and divided into two groups; healthy (n = 152, male for 61, and female for 91) and CSD (n = 47, male for 5, female for 42), respectively. Oxidative stress parameters such as, hydrogen peroxide and reactive substances were significantly elevated (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001), whereas endogenous antioxidant components including total glutathione contents, and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly deteriorated in the CSD group (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) as comparing to the healthy group, respectively. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor -α and interferon-γ were significantly increased in the CSD participants (p < 0.001). Additionally, emotional stress related hormones including cortisol, adrenaline, and serotonin were abnormally observed in the serum levels of the CSD group (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). Our results confirmed that oxidative stress and antioxidants are a critical contributor of pathophysiology of the CSD, and that is first explored to establish features of redox system in the CSD subjects compared to a healthy population
A Bayesian Committee Machine Potential for Organic Nitrogen Compounds
Large-scale computer simulations of chemical atoms are used in a wide range
of applications, including batteries, drugs, and more. However, there is a
problem with efficiency as it takes a long time due to the large amount of
calculation. To solve these problems, machine learning interatomic potential
(ML-IAP) technology is attracting attention as an alternative. ML-IAP not only
has high accuracy by faithfully expressing the density functional theory (DFT),
but also has the advantage of low computational cost. However, there is a
problem that the potential energy changes significantly depending on the
environment of each atom, and expansion to a wide range of compounds within a
single model is still difficult to build in the case of a kernel-based model.
To solve this problem, we would like to develop a universal ML-IAP using this
active Bayesian Committee Machine (BCM) potential methodology for
carbon-nitrogen-hydrogen (CNH) with various compositions. ML models are trained
and generated through first-principles calculations and molecular dynamics
simulations for molecules with only CNH. Using long amine structures to test an
ML model trained only with short chains, the results show excellent consistency
with DFT calculations. Consequently, machine learning-based models for organic
molecules not only demonstrate the ability to accurately describe various
physical properties but also hold promise for investigating a broad spectrum of
diverse materials systems
Psychological experiences of Korean missionary “kids” (MKs): A qualitative inquiry
The present study is a qualitative investigation of the psychological experiences of children of Korean missionaries, through the eyes of Korean missionary kids (MKs) and missionary workers. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 MKs and MK workers, and data were analysed using the Consensual Qualitative Research method. Several domains emerged: challenges associated with the MK experience, resiliency of MKs, intrapersonal and interpersonal coping skills, mental health concerns, religion and spirituality, a complex cultural identity, preparation for college transition, and hopes for MKs and their missionary parents. Categories corresponding to the domains are highlighted. The present study addresses a need for more attention paid to the non-American MK experience, and it presents some implications for the church and higher educational institutions
Adaptive laboratory evolution of a genome-reduced Escherichia coli.
Synthetic biology aims to design and construct bacterial genomes harboring the minimum number of genes required for self-replicable life. However, the genome-reduced bacteria often show impaired growth under laboratory conditions that cannot be understood based on the removed genes. The unexpected phenotypes highlight our limited understanding of bacterial genomes. Here, we deploy adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) to re-optimize growth performance of a genome-reduced strain. The basis for suboptimal growth is the imbalanced metabolism that is rewired during ALE. The metabolic rewiring is globally orchestrated by mutations in rpoD altering promoter binding of RNA polymerase. Lastly, the evolved strain has no translational buffering capacity, enabling effective translation of abundant mRNAs. Multi-omic analysis of the evolved strain reveals transcriptome- and translatome-wide remodeling that orchestrate metabolism and growth. These results reveal that failure of prediction may not be associated with understanding individual genes, but rather from insufficient understanding of the strain's systems biology
Difference in glenoid retroversion between two-dimensional axial computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstructed images
Background The glenoid version of the shoulder joint correlates with the stability of the glenohumeral joint and the clinical results of total shoulder arthroplasty. We sought to analyze and compare the glenoid version measured by traditional axial two-dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images at different levels. Methods A total of 30 cases, including 15 male and 15 female patients, who underwent 3D shoulder CT imaging was randomly selected and matched by sex consecutively at one hospital. The angular difference between the scapular body axis and 2D CT slice axis was measured. The glenoid version was assessed at three levels (midpoint, upper one-third, and center of the lower circle of the glenoid) using Friedman’s method in the axial plane with 2D CT images and at the same level of three different transverse planes using a 3D reconstructed image. Results The mean difference between the scapular body axis on the 3D reconstructed image and the 2D CT slice axis was 38.4°. At the level of the midpoint of the glenoid, the measurements were 1.7°±4.9° on the 2D CT images and −1.8°±4.1° in the 3D reconstructed image. At the level of the center of the lower circle, the measurements were 2.7°±5.2° on the 2D CT images and −0.5°±4.8° in the 3D reconstructed image. A statistically significant difference was found between the 2D CT and 3D reconstructed images at all three levels. Conclusions The glenoid version is measured differently between axial 2D CT and 3D reconstructed images at three levels. Use of 3D reconstructed imaging can provide a more accurate glenoid version profile relative to 2D CT. The glenoid version is measured differently at different levels
Generation of high concentration nanobubbles based on friction tubes
Nanobubble-related technologies have been confirmed to be useful in various
fields such as climate change and the environment as well as water-based
industries such as water purification, crops, horticulture, medical care, bio,
and sterilization. However, a method of mass production in real time enough to
apply nano-bubbles to the industry has not yet been developed. We explored the
mechanism of nano-bubble water generation by friction between water and walls
and developed a tube device applying the shape of the flow path to maximize the
friction in the fluid passing through the flow path. It also describes the case
of real-time and low-power mass production of nanobubbles and its technical
utility. We found that the friction of nanotubes alone can easily and quickly
improve the production of nanobubbles with small particle size in real time; by
increasing the shearing pressure while increasing the effective friction
constant value, the particle size of nanobubbles can be smaller while
increasing the particle concentration.Comment: 24 pages, 24 figures, 6 table
Friction Tubes to Generate Nanobubble Ozone Water with an Increased Half-Life for Virucidal Activity
Nanobubbles and related technologies are expected to be highly utilized in
water resource-based industries such as water purification, crops,
horticulture, medicine, bio, and sterilization. Ozone, a chemical with high
sterilizing power, is known as a natural substance that is reduced to oxygen
and water after reacting with pollutants. Ozone water, which is generated by
dissolving ozone in water, has been used in various industrial sectors such as
medical care, food, and environment. Due to the unstable molecular state of
ozone, however, it is difficult to produce, use, and supply ozone at industrial
sites in a stable manner. This study proposed a method for constructing a
system that can generate high-concentration ozone water in large quantities
using low power in real time and maintaining the concentration of the generated
ozone water over the long term. Friction tubes (called 'nanotube') played a key
role to generate nanobubble ozone water with an increased half-life for virus
killing activity. In addition, the safety of ozone water during its spray into
the air was explained, and virucidal activity test cases for the influenza A
(H1N1/A/PR8) and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus using high-concentration ozone
water as well as its technical efficacy were described
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