10 research outputs found
BlackVIP: Black-Box Visual Prompting for Robust Transfer Learning
With the surge of large-scale pre-trained models (PTMs), fine-tuning these
models to numerous downstream tasks becomes a crucial problem. Consequently,
parameter efficient transfer learning (PETL) of large models has grasped huge
attention. While recent PETL methods showcase impressive performance, they rely
on optimistic assumptions: 1) the entire parameter set of a PTM is available,
and 2) a sufficiently large memory capacity for the fine-tuning is equipped.
However, in most real-world applications, PTMs are served as a black-box API or
proprietary software without explicit parameter accessibility. Besides, it is
hard to meet a large memory requirement for modern PTMs. In this work, we
propose black-box visual prompting (BlackVIP), which efficiently adapts the
PTMs without knowledge about model architectures and parameters. BlackVIP has
two components; 1) Coordinator and 2) simultaneous perturbation stochastic
approximation with gradient correction (SPSA-GC). The Coordinator designs
input-dependent image-shaped visual prompts, which improves few-shot adaptation
and robustness on distribution/location shift. SPSA-GC efficiently estimates
the gradient of a target model to update Coordinator. Extensive experiments on
16 datasets demonstrate that BlackVIP enables robust adaptation to diverse
domains without accessing PTMs' parameters, with minimal memory requirements.
Code: \url{https://github.com/changdaeoh/BlackVIP}Comment: Accepted to CVPR 202
Synchrotron X-ray reflectivity studies of nanoporous organosilicate thin films with low dielectric constants
Quantitative, non-destructive X-ray reflectivity analysis using synchrotron radiation sources was successfully performed on nanoporous dielectric thin films prepared by thermal processing of blend films of a thermally curable polymethylsilsesquioxane dielectric precursor and a thermally labile triethoxy-silyl-terminated six-arm poly(epsilon-caprolactone) porogen in various compositions. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy analysis were carried out. These measurements provided important structural information about the nanoporous films. The thermal process used in this study was found to cause the porogen molecules to undergo efficiently sacrificial thermal degradation, generating closed, spherical nanopores in the dielectric film. The resultant nanoporous films exhibited a homogeneous, well defined structure with a thin skin layer and low surface roughness. In particular, no skin layer was formed in the porous film imprinted using a porogen loading of 30 wt%. The film porosities ranged from 0 to 33.8% over the porogen loading range of 0-30 wt%open131
Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering studies on templating nanopores in networked polymer thin films with a multi-armed porogen
「Internal Adjustment」 and Health among Nursing HOME WORKERS : Comparative study between KOREA and JAPAN (前田 憲教授 退任記念号,飯野君子教授 退任記念号)
The purpose of this study is to delineate the internal adjustment factors asa well as the physicl and mental health states of social welfare workers in Korea(K-group)and Japan(J-group).I have acquired four factors from this research:evaluation on working environment and condetion;relation with user;sense of satisfaction;and sense of confidence with their job. I condusted a comparative study between Korea and Japan,using the four factors that constitute Internal Adjustment.This comparative study showed that K-group is more satisfied with their job than J-group in three factors(as for the fourth factor,working environment and condition,it was excluded).In addition, it showed also that K-group is far healthier physically and mentally than J-group. THe result of this study indicates that some necessary steps should be taken,e.g.,increased manpower and salary,rationalization of system and others to promote Internal Adjustment for workers who work long-term,as well as mental health for young workers who are new to this field and have worked only short-term
「Internal Adjustment」 and Health among Nursing HOME WORKERS : Comparative study between KOREA and JAPAN (前田 憲教授 退任記念号,飯野君子教授 退任記念号)
Formation of a Two-Dimensionally Well-Ordered Monolayer of a Peptide Oligomer by a Simple Spin-Coating Process
Advancements in Electronic Materials and Devices for Stretchable Displays
A stretchable display would be the ultimate form factor for the next generation of displays beyond the curved and foldable configurations that have enabled the commercialization of deformable electronic applications. However, because conventional active devices are very brittle and vulnerable to mechanical deformation, appropriate strategies must be developed from the material and structural points of view to achieve the desired mechanical stretchability without compromising electrical properties. In this regard, remarkable findings and achievements in stretchable active materials, geometrical designs, and integration enabling technologies for various types of stretchable electronic elements have been actively reported. This review covers the recent developments in advanced materials and feasible strategies for the realization of stretchable electronic devices for stretchable displays. In particular, representative strain-engineering technologies for stretchable substrates, electrodes, and active devices are introduced. Various state-of-the-art stretchable active devices such as thin-film transistors and electroluminescent devices that consist of stretchable matrix displays are also presented. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges for stretchable active displays are discussed.N
Ultraflexible and transparent electroluminescent skin for real-time and super-resolution imaging of pressure distribution
The ability to image pressure distribution over complex three-dimensional surfaces would significantly augment the potential applications of electronic skin. However, existing methods show poor spatial and temporal fidelity due to their limited pixel density, low sensitivity, or low conformability. Here, we report an ultraflexible and transparent electroluminescent skin that autonomously displays super-resolution images of pressure distribution in real time. The device comprises a transparent pressure-sensing film with a solution-processable cellulose/nanowire nanohybrid network featuring ultrahigh sensor sensitivity (>5000 kPa(-1)) and a fast response time (<1 ms), and a quantum dot-based electroluminescent film. The two ultrathin films conform to each contact object and transduce spatial pressure into conductivity distribution in a continuous domain, resulting in super-resolution (>1000 dpi) pressure imaging without the need for pixel structures. Our approach provides a new framework for visualizing accurate stimulus distribution with potential applications in skin prosthesis, robotics, and advanced human-machine interfaces. Electronic skin that spatially maps pressure distribution through imaging shows limited performance despite improvements to data acquisition. Here, the authors report ultraflexible, transparent electroluminescent skin capable of high-resolution imaging of pressure distribution over 3D surfaces.Y
Silent Speech Recognition with Strain Sensors and Deep Learning Analysis of Directional Facial Muscle Movement
Silent communication based on biosignals from facial
muscle requires
accurate detection of its directional movement and thus optimally
positioning minimum numbers of sensors for higher accuracy of speech
recognition with a minimal person-to-person variation. So far, previous
approaches based on electromyogram or pressure sensors are ineffective
in detecting the directional movement of facial muscles. Therefore,
in this study, high-performance strain sensors are used for separately
detecting x- and y-axis strain.
Directional strain distribution data of facial muscle is obtained
by applying three-dimensional digital image correlation. Deep learning
analysis is utilized for identifying optimal positions of directional
strain sensors. The recognition system with four directional strain
sensors conformably attached to the face shows silent vowel recognition
with 85.24% accuracy and even 76.95% for completely nonobserved subjects.
These results show that detection of the directional strain distribution
at the optimal facial points will be the key enabling technology for
highly accurate silent speech recognition
Stretchable PPG sensor with light polarization for physical activity-permissible monitoring
Skin-attachable sensors, which represent the ultimate form of wearable electronic devices that ensure conformal contact with skin, suffer from motion artifact limitations owing to relative changes in position between the sensor and skin during physical activities. In this study, a polarization-selective structure of a skin-conformable photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor was developed to decrease the amount of scattered light from the epidermis, which is the main cause of motion artifacts. The motion artifacts were suppressed more than 10-fold in comparison with those of rigid sensors. The developed sensor-with two orthogonal polarizers-facilitated successful PPG signal monitoring during wrist angle movements corresponding to high levels of physical activity, enabling continuous monitoring of daily activities, even while exercising for personal health care.N