Novel Pressure Induced Structural Phase Transition in AgSbTe2_{2}

We report a novel high pressure structural sequence for the functionally graded thermoelectric, narrow band gap semiconductor AgSbTe$_{2}$, using angle dispersive x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell with synchrotron radiation at room temperature. The compound undergoes a B1 to B2 transition; the transition proceeds through an intermediate amorphous phase found between 17-26 GPa that is quenchable down to ambient conditions. The pressure induced structural transition observed in this compound is the first of its type reported in this ternary cubic family, and it is new for the B1-B2 transition pathway reported to date. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations performed for the B1 and B2 phases are in good agreement with the experimental results.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Air-SAGD technology for super-heavy oil reservoirs

The air oxidation of super-heavy oil at low temperature was studied in laboratory and its influences on oil viscosity, component and steam sweep efficiency before and after air-injection were analyzed. The feasibility, operation mode and air flooding effect at the late stage of steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) were investigated by numerical simulation. The experimental results show for vertical-horizontal well pair SAGD test area of Xing VI Formation in Block Du 84 of Liaohe Oilfield, the low temperature oxidation occurred between 150–250 °C (steam chamber temperature), the oil viscosity increased greatly after low temperature oxidation, consequently, the oil displacement efficiency dropped sharply. Three development methods in the late stage of SAGD were simulated, i.e., steam + air low temperature oxidation, only air low temperature oxidation and only air high temperature oxidation. By comparing production dynamic curves and residual oil distribution etc., high temperature oxidation reduced the heat loss in late stage of SAGD, recovered the residual oil effectively, and prolonged reservoir development time. Key words: super heavy oil, SAGD, air injection, low temperature oxidation, high temperature oxidatio

Measurement of the integration level between the digital economy and industry and its impact on energy consumption

The integration of the digital economy and industry is the product of economic and social development and acts as an important driving force for conserving energy and reducing emissions. This study establishes the measurement index system of the integration level between the digital economy and industry from basis, conditions, and application of integration. Taking China as the research sample, this study chose 1999–2018 as the research period. The entropy weight TOPSIS method was employed to determine the integration level between the digital economy and industry. Next, a Bayesian vector autoregressive model was utilized to quantitatively analyze the impact of China's integration level between the digital economy and industry on energy consumption. The results indicate that China's integration level between the digital economy and industry shows a fluctuating upward trend with slow growth during the study period, and still has great development potential. The improvement of China's integration level between the digital economy and industry is conducive to the improvement of industrial energy efficiency, its consumption structure and environmental protection. Among them, the integration level between the digital economy and industry contributes the most to the change in the energy consumption structure and has the lightest impact on energy efficiency. Therefore, the government might make full use of green financial services to promote the integrated development of the digital economy and industry so as to achieve energy transformation and sustainable development

Applications of RDE and RRDE methods in oxygen reduction reaction

This chapter reviews the applications of rotating disk electrode (RDE) and Rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) techniques in Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) research and its associated catalyst evaluation. Some typical examples for RDE and RRDE analysis in obtaining the ORR kinetic information such as the overall electron-transfer number, electron-transfer coefficiency, and exchange current density are also given in this chapter. It demonstrates that both RDE and RRDE methods are the powerful tools in an ORR study, and using RDE and RRDE methods, ORR has been successfully studied on Pt electrode, carbon electrode, monolayer metal catalyst, Pt-based catalyst, and non-noble metal-based catalysts, respectively.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Pressure Dependence of the Impurity-trapped Exciton emission in BaF2:Eu and BaxSr(1-x)F2:Eu

The normal and anomalous emission of Eu2+ in SrF2, BaF2, and BaxSr1−xF2 are studied as a function of x and as a function of pressure for x=0, 0.3, and 1. The anomalous emission converts to the normal emission at pressures of about 40kbar and 30kbar, for x=0.3 and x=1, respectively. The anomalous emission becomes redshifted as a function of x. The wavelength dependence of the emission lifetime as a function of x provides evidence for the inhomogeneous nature of the emission. It is suggested that each distinct site, with its distribution of Ba and Sr in the 12 nearest-neighbor cation positions, has its unique emission spectrum and that this becomes redshifted with increasing numbers of Ba. The observed anomalous emission then results from the sum of emission spectra from the distinct sites weighted by their statistical probability. The nature of the emission can be understood with a configurational coordinate model assuming that the localized 4f65d1 states and the impurity-trapped exciton states are in thermal equilibrium. For pure BaF2, a reversal in the relative energies of the two states occurs at the phases transition. For the mixed crystal, the relative energies depend on the number of Ba neighbors so that some sites exhibit anomalous emission while those with one or no Ba show the normal emission

Additional file 1: Table S1. of RNA gene profile variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from rhesus macaques immunized with Hib conjugate vaccine, Hib capsular polysaccharide and TT carrier protein

two monkeys in each group were immunized intramuscular injection. Table S2. The primers of eight genes for real-time RT-PCR. Figure S1 ELISA analysis of total antibody titers from immunized rhesus macaques. Figure S2. ELISA analysis of antibody from immunized rhesus macaques. Figure S3. qRT-PCR analysis of mRNA at various time points. Figure S4. qRT-PCR and Flow cytometry analysis of CD69 and ITK expression. Tables S1, S2, S3, S4, Figures S1, S2, S3 and S4. A remarkable immune response induced by Hib conjugate vaccine, in rhesus macaques, because of a result of the synergistic effects between the carrier TT and CPS antigen. (DOCX 1352 kb