Gene Expression Profile of the Hypothalamus in DNP-KLH Immunized Mice Following Electroacupuncture Stimulation

Clinical evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) is effective for allergic disorder. Recent animal studies have shown that EA treatment reduces levels of IgE and Th2 cytokines in BALB/c mice immunized with 2,4-dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet protein (DNP-KLH). The hypothalamus, a brain center of the neural-immune system, is known to be activated by EA stimulation. This study was performed to identify and characterize the differentially expressed genes in the hypothalamus of DNP-KLH immunized mice that were stimulated with EA or only restrained. To this aim, we conducted a microarray analysis to evaluate the global gene expression profiles, using the hypothalamic RNA samples taken from three groups of mice: (i) normal control group (no treatments); (ii) IMH group (DNP-KLH immunization + restraint); and (iii) IMEA group (immunization + EA stimulation). The microarray analysis revealed that total 39 genes were altered in their expression levels by EA treatment. Ten genes, including T-cell receptor alpha variable region family 13 subfamily 1 (Tcra-V13.1), heat shock protein 1B (Hspa1b) and 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase 1F (Oas1f), were up-regulated in the IMEA group when compared with the IMH group. In contrast, 29 genes, including decay accelerating factor 2 (Daf2), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (Nqo1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (Pdcd1lg2) were down-regulated in the IMEA group as compared with the IMH group. These results suggest that EA treatment can modulate immune response in DNP-KLH immunized mice by regulating expression levels of genes that are associated with innate immune, cellular defense and/or other kinds of immune system in the hypothalamus

An Analysis Of Discharge And Water Level Changes Due To Weir (In The Case Of The Waegwan And Nakdong Station In South Korea)

ABSTRACT Our country, Korea, lacks the per capita water endowment because of the high population density and geographical characteristics. Therefore, The 4 Rivers Project has been promoted since 2009. In order to control effectively drought or floods caused by abnormal climate and strong rainfall in summer, it was done and completed in 2013. The Nakdong River is the longest in the 4 Rivers Project, which it was conducted among the country\u27s major rivers, and a lot of hydraulic structures were installed. we selected Nakdong and Weagwan stations which are located in the Nakdong River. Because the change was smaller there with the inflow of tributaries flow than elsewhere. And many hydraulic structures were installed between Nakdong and Weagwan stations, which used T/M machine to collect real-time data. In this study, we compared and analyzed the flow change of real-time and water level data of prior to weir installation on May, June, July, 2009 and completion of weir installation on May, June, July , 2013. The original purpose of installing the weir is well-kept. After installation of Hydraulic structures(weir), the discharge difference between the Nakdong Station and Weagwan Station was reduced , and both of Nakdong and Weagwan stations are almost maintain a constant value of water level without being affected by rainfall. Also, we could confirm that the maximum water-level variation is decreased after installation of the weir. Based on this, we judged that hydrological effects on drought or floods due to abnormal weather were decreased by the time of weir installation. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This research was supported by a grant(12-TI-C01) from Advanced Water Management Research Program funded by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Korean governmen

Aerial Surveillance with Low-Altitude Long-Endurance Tethered Multirotor UAVs Using Photovoltaic Power Management System

For a continuous surveillance mission using a swarm of multiple tethered low-altitude long-endurance (LALE) multirotor-type unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), we developed a 500 W class photovoltaic power management system (PPMS) which monitors voltage and current flows of photovoltaic (PV) panels, battery pack, and UAV and controls power flows to support UAV flight operation. In contract to a fixed-wing UAV, a tethered multirotor UAV can generate continuously varying closed-circuit television (CCTV) like ground map images by stitching incoming images though the operation range is limited. With an indoor flight experiment, we demonstrated the usefulness of the PPMS and proved operation integrity. According to the results, a total of six multirotor UAVs were required to continuously perform a surveillance mission for 5 h 46 min from 11:04 to 16:50

Flight Time Estimation for Continuous Surveillance Missions Using a Multirotor UAV

To achieve the continuous surveillance capable multirotor type solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), we develop the photovoltaic power management system (PPMS) which manages power from photovoltaic (PV) modules and a battery pack to support the power of the UAV. To estimate the possible flight time of the UAV, we use the concept of state of charge (SOC) estimation based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and complementary filter (CF) and then calculate the possible flight time by using the slope of the SOC graph during hovering flight mode. According to the results, estimated flight time increases up to 54.14 min at 11:00 a.m. and decreases down to 6.70 min at 18:00 p.m

Exploiting volumetric wave correlation for enhanced depth imaging in scattering medium

The authors achieve ultrahigh resolution and depth volumetric imaging in complex media by recording a volumetric reflection matrix covering individual wavelengths and angles and developing reconstruction algorithms based on volumetric wave correlation

Label-free neuroimaging in vivo using synchronous angular scanning microscopy with single-scattering accumulation algorithm

© 2019, The Author(s).Label-free in vivo imaging is crucial for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of many important biological systems in their most native states. However, the applicability of existing modalities has been limited to either superficial layers or early developmental stages due to tissue turbidity. Here, we report a synchronous angular scanning microscope for the rapid interferometric recording of the time-gated reflection matrix, which is a unique matrix characterizing full light-specimen interaction. By applying single scattering accumulation algorithm to the recorded matrix, we removed both high-order sample-induced aberrations and multiple scattering noise with the effective aberration correction speed of 10,000 modes/s. We demonstrated in vivo imaging of whole neural network throughout the hindbrain of the larval zebrafish at a matured stage where physical dissection used to be required for conventional imaging. Our method will expand the scope of applications for optical imaging, where fully non-invasive interrogation of living specimens is critica