167 research outputs found
チュウゴク ダイガクインセイ ヨウセイ モデル ニ オケル ガクブカ ヨウイン
大阪大學中國文化論壇 討論文件Discussion Papers in Contemporary China Studies, Osaka University Forum on China概要:中国語根岸, 智代:
Select2Col: Leveraging Spatial-Temporal Importance of Semantic Information for Efficient Collaborative Perception
Collaboration by leveraging the shared semantic information plays a crucial
role in overcoming the perception capability limitations of isolated agents.
However, existing collaborative perception methods tend to focus solely on the
spatial features of semantic information, while neglecting the importance of
the temporal dimension. Consequently, the potential benefits of collaboration
remain underutilized. In this article, we propose Select2Col, a novel
collaborative perception framework that takes into account the
{s}patial-t{e}mpora{l} importanc{e} of semanti{c} informa{t}ion. Within the
Select2Col, we develop a collaborator selection method that utilizes a
lightweight graph neural network (GNN) to estimate the importance of semantic
information (IoSI) in enhancing perception performance, thereby identifying
contributive collaborators while excluding those that bring negative impact.
Moreover, we present a semantic information fusion algorithm called HPHA
(historical prior hybrid attention), which integrates multi-scale attention and
short-term attention modules to capture the IoSI in feature representation from
the spatial and temporal dimensions respectively, and assigns IoSI-consistent
weights for efficient fusion of information from selected collaborators.
Extensive experiments on two open datasets demonstrate that our proposed
Select2Col significantly improves the perception performance compared to
state-of-the-art approaches. The code associated with this research is publicly
available at https://github.com/huangqzj/Select2Col/
MomentDiff: Generative Video Moment Retrieval from Random to Real
Video moment retrieval pursues an efficient and generalized solution to
identify the specific temporal segments within an untrimmed video that
correspond to a given language description. To achieve this goal, we provide a
generative diffusion-based framework called MomentDiff, which simulates a
typical human retrieval process from random browsing to gradual localization.
Specifically, we first diffuse the real span to random noise, and learn to
denoise the random noise to the original span with the guidance of similarity
between text and video. This allows the model to learn a mapping from arbitrary
random locations to real moments, enabling the ability to locate segments from
random initialization. Once trained, MomentDiff could sample random temporal
segments as initial guesses and iteratively refine them to generate an accurate
temporal boundary. Different from discriminative works (e.g., based on
learnable proposals or queries), MomentDiff with random initialized spans could
resist the temporal location biases from datasets. To evaluate the influence of
the temporal location biases, we propose two anti-bias datasets with location
distribution shifts, named Charades-STA-Len and Charades-STA-Mom. The
experimental results demonstrate that our efficient framework consistently
outperforms state-of-the-art methods on three public benchmarks, and exhibits
better generalization and robustness on the proposed anti-bias datasets. The
code, model, and anti-bias evaluation datasets are available at
https://github.com/IMCCretrieval/MomentDiff.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
AI-Oriented Two-Phase Multi-Factor Authentication in SAGINs: Prospects and Challenges
Space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs), which have emerged as an
expansion of terrestrial networks, provide flexible access, ubiquitous
coverage, high-capacity backhaul, and emergency/disaster recovery for mobile
users (MUs). While the massive benefits brought by SAGIN may improve the
quality of service, unauthorized access to SAGIN entities is potentially
dangerous. At present, conventional crypto-based authentication is facing
challenges, such as the inability to provide continuous and transparent
protection for MUs. In this article, we propose an AI-oriented two-phase
multi-factor authentication scheme (ATMAS) by introducing intelligence to
authentication. The satellite and network control center collaborate on
continuous authentication, while unique spatial-temporal features, including
service features and geographic features, are utilized to enhance the system
security. Our further security analysis and performance evaluations show that
ATMAS has proper security characteristics which can meet various security
requirements. Moreover, we shed light on lightweight and efficient
authentication mechanism design through a proper combination of
spatial-temporal factors.Comment: Accepted by IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazin
Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys Developed as Bone Repair Materials: A Review
Bone repair materials are rapidly becoming a hot topic in the field of biomedical materials due to being an important means of repairing human bony deficiencies and replacing hard tissue. Magnesium (Mg) alloys are potentially biocompatible, osteoconductive, and biodegradable metallic materials that can be used in bone repair due to their in situ degradation in the body, mechanical properties similar to those of bones, and ability to positively stimulate the formation of new bones. However, rapid degradation of these materials in physiological environments may lead to gas cavities, hemolysis, and osteolysis and thus, hinder their clinical orthopedic applications. This paper reviews recent work on the use of Mg alloy implants in bone repair. Research to date on alloy design, surface modification, and biological performance of Mg alloys is comprehensively summarized. Future challenges for and developments in biomedical Mg alloys for use in bone repair are also discussed
Elastic Valley Spin Controlled Chiral Coupling in Topological Valley Phononic Crystals
Distinct from the phononic valley pseudo-spin, the real physical spin of
elastic waves adds a novel tool-kit capable of envisaging the valley-spin
physics of topological valley phononic crystals from a local viewpoint. Here,
we report the observation of local elastic valley spin as well as the hidden
elastic spin-valley locking mechanism overlooked before. We demonstrate that
the selective one-way routing of valley phonon states along the topological
interface can be reversed by imposing the elastic spin meta-source at different
interface locations with opposite valley-spin correspondence. We unveil the
physical mechanism of selective directionality as the elastic spin controlled
chiral coupling of valley phonon states, through both analytical theory and
experimental measurement of the opposite local elastic spin density at
different interface locations for different transport directions. The elastic
spin of valley topological edge phonons can be extended to other topological
states and offers new tool to explore topological metamaterials.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, of main text + supplementary 10 figures. To be
published in Phys. Rev. Let
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Insurance Status and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Initiation Among Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in the CARRA Registry.
OBJECTIVE: Prompt escalation to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) is recommended for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and ongoing disease activity despite treatment with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs). It is unknown whether these recommendations are equitably followed for children with different insurance types. We assessed the association of insurance coverage on the odds and timing of TNFi use. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of children with newly diagnosed JIA in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry. We compared the odds of starting a TNFi in the first year and time from cDMARD to TNFi initiation between those with public and private insurance. RESULTS: We identified 1086 children with new JIA diagnoses. Publicly insured children had significantly higher active joint counts and parent/patient global assessment scores at the enrollment visit. They were also more likely to have polyarticular arthritis compared to those with private insurance. Odds of any TNFi use in the first year did not differ between publicly and privately insured children. Publicly insured children were escalated from cDMARD to TNFi more quickly than privately insured children. CONCLUSION: Children who were publicly insured had more severe disease and polyarticular involvement at registry enrollment compared to those who were privately insured. Whereas overall TNFi use did not differ between children with different insurance types, publicly insured children were escalated more quickly, consistent with their increased disease severity. Further research is needed to determine why insurance coverage type is associated with disease severity, including how other socioeconomic factors affect presentation to care
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