3,887 research outputs found
Protective effect of vanillic acid on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats
Background: The need for an anti-osteoporotic agent is in high demand since osteoporosis contributes to high rates of disability or impairment (high osteoporotic fracture), morbidity and mortality. Hence, the present study is designed to evaluate the protective effects of vanillic acid (VA) against bilateral ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.Materials and Methods: Forty healthy female adult SD rats were separated in to four groups with sham-operated control with bilateral laprotomy (Sham; n = 10), bilateral overiectomy (OVX; n = 10) group, OVX rats were orallay administrated with 50 mg/kg b.wt of VA (OVX + 50 VA; n = 10) or 100 mg/kg b.wt of VA (OVX + 100 VA; n = 10) for 12 weeks (post-treatment) after 4 weeks of OVX.Results: A significant change in the body weight gain was noted in OVX group, while treatment with VA substantially reverted to normalcy. Meanwhile, the bone mineral density and content (BMD and BMC) were substantially improved on supplementation with VA. Also, the bone turnover markers like calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) levels were markedly attenuated in VA-treated rats. Moreover, the biomechanical stability was greatly ameliorated with VA administration. Both the dose of VA showed potent anti-osteoporotic activity, but VA 100 mg showed highest protective effects as compared with 50 mg of VA.Conclusion: Based on the outcome, we concluded that VA 100 showed better anti-osteoporotic activity by improving BMD and BMC as well as biomechanical stability and therefore used as an alternative therapy for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis.Keywords: Osteoporosis, Vanillic acid, Ovariectomy, Antioxidant, Inflammatory marker
Precise Request Tracing and Performance Debugging for Multi-tier Services of Black Boxes
As more and more multi-tier services are developed from commercial components
or heterogeneous middleware without the source code available, both developers
and administrators need a precise request tracing tool to help understand and
debug performance problems of large concurrent services of black boxes.
Previous work fails to resolve this issue in several ways: they either accept
the imprecision of probabilistic correlation methods, or rely on knowledge of
protocols to isolate requests in pursuit of tracing accuracy. This paper
introduces a tool named PreciseTracer to help debug performance problems of
multi-tier services of black boxes. Our contributions are two-fold: first, we
propose a precise request tracing algorithm for multi-tier services of black
boxes, which only uses application-independent knowledge; secondly, we present
a component activity graph abstraction to represent causal paths of requests
and facilitate end-to-end performance debugging. The low overhead and tolerance
of noise make PreciseTracer a promising tracing tool for using on production
systems
Several properties of a class of generalized harmonic mappings
We call the solution of a kind of second order homogeneous partial
differential equation as real kernel alpha-harmonic mappings. In this paper,
the representation theorem, the Lipschitz continuity, the univalency and the
related problems of the real kernel alpha-harmonic mappings are explored
- …