Screenshot of the spreadsheet with calculations of predicted probabilities for each type of walking aid.

<p>Screenshot of the spreadsheet with calculations of predicted probabilities for each type of walking aid.</p

Comparison of predictive value of (i) the full model which comprised CoP ML-SD and conventional measures (demographic and knee variables) and (ii) two nested models which comprised CoP ML-SD or conventional measures.

<p>The predictive value is represented by the likelihood ratio <i>χ</i>² statistic. The model comprising CoP ML-SD alone had 44% of the explanatory power of the full model. Put otherwise, nearly half the prognostic information of the full model (comprising conventional and ML-SD variables) may be attributed to ML-SD. Furthermore, ML-SD added statistically significant predictive information (<i>P</i><0.001) to a model that comprised only conventional measures.</p

Multivariable Association between Predictors and Type of Walking Aids Prescribed.

<p>^aOdds Ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were derived from proportional odds regression on type of walking aids – an ordinal outcome variable of 4 categories (see further explanation in the text). ORs for requiring walking aids with a larger base-of-support were estimated comparing men with women or the 75^th (High) with the 25^th (Low) percentile for continuous predictors. For example, other variables being equal, increasing the CoP ML-SD variable from its lower quartile (0.22cm) to its higher quartile (0.41cm) was associated with a 2.55-fold (95%CI, 1.23- to 5.30-fold) increase in the odds of requiring walking aides with a larger base-of-support.</p><p>*Assessed using a visual numeric pain scale (0–10), with higher scores indicating worse knee pain.</p><p>CoP = center-of-pressure</p><p>ML = mediolateral</p><p>SD = standard deviation</p><p>° degrees</p><p>Multivariable Association between Predictors and Type of Walking Aids Prescribed.</p

Calibration plot which illustrates the accuracy of the original prediction model (“Apparent”) and the bootstrap model (“Bias-corrected”) in predicting the probability of requiring a quadstick or walking frame.

<p>Perfect calibration accuracy is represented by the “ideal” line of unity. Locally weighted scatterplot smoothing is used to model the relationship between observed and predicted probabilities. The distribution of the predicted probabilities is shown as small vertical lines at the top of the graph.</p

Evaluation of the Wii Balance Board for Walking Aids Prediction: Proof-of-Concept Study in Total Knee Arthroplasty

<div><p>Background and Objectives</p><p>To provide proof-of-concept for the validity of the Wii Balance Board (WBB) measures to predict the type of walking aids required by inpatients with a recent (≤4days) total knee arthroplasty (TKA).</p><p>Methods</p><p>A cross-sectional sample of 89 inpatients (mean age, 67.0±8years) with TKA was analyzed. A multivariable proportional odds prediction model was constructed using 8 pre-specified predictors – namely, age, sex, body mass index, knee pain, knee range-of-motion, active knee lag, and WBB-derived standing balance. The type of walking aids prescribed on day 4 post-surgery was the outcome of interest – an ordinal variable with 4 categories (walking stick, narrow- and broad-base quadstick, and walking frame).</p><p>Results</p><p>Women, increasing body mass index, and poorer standing balance were independently associated with greater odds for requiring walking aids with a larger base-of-support. The concordance-index of the prediction model was 0.74. The model comprising only WBB-derived standing balance had nearly half (44%) the explanatory power of the full model. Adding WBB-derived standing balance to conventional demographic and knee variables resulted in a continuous net reclassification index of 0.60 (95%CI,0.19-1.01), predominantly due to better identification of patients who required walking aids with a large base-of-support (sensitivity gain).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>The WBB was able to provide quantitative measures of standing balance which could assist healthcare professionals in prescribing the appropriate type of walking aids for patients. Further investigation is needed to assess whether using the WBB could lead to meaningful changes in clinical outcomes such as falls.</p></div

Additional file 1: of Development and preliminary validation of a leadership competency instrument for existing and emerging allied health professional leaders

AHEAD Domains and Competencies. (PDF 190 kb