Diseño de controladores para inversores monofásicos operando en modo isla dentro de una microrred

[ES] En este trabajo se presenta el diseño e implementación de tres controladores: control proporcional-integral, control proporcional-integral más controlador resonante y una nueva propuesta de control configurada con un control proporcional-integral + controlador proporcional más controlador resonante. El diseño de estos controladores está orientado a la operación de inversores en modo isla dentro del contexto de las microrredes, su rendimiento ha sido validado por medio de resultados de simulaciones y por medio de pruebas experimentales. Particularmente, la configuración de control propuesta presenta como ventaja respecto a los otros dos controladores, el evitar fenómenos de saturación que se presentan en los sistemas, los cuales ocurren cuando se presentan señales de control de gran amplitud. Además de mejorar el rechazo de perturbaciones que se presentan, cuando el inversor alimenta cargas lineales y no lineales. Es decir, con la combinación de ambos controladores, se consigue una solución adecuada para reducir la distorsión armónica total en la tensión de salida de un inversor monofásico, cuando se alimentan cargas en forma aislada o bien con el inversor desconectado de la red.Ortega, R.; Carranza, O.; Sosa, JC.; García, V.; Hernández, R. (2016). Diseño de controladores para inversores monofásicos operando en modo isla dentro de una microrred. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 13(1):115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riai.2015.09.010OJS115126131Wu, D., Tang, F., Dragicevic, T., Vasquez, J. C., & Guerrero, J. M. (2014). Autonomous Active Power Control for Islanded AC Microgrids With Photovoltaic Generation and Energy Storage System. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 29(4), 882-892. doi:10.1109/tec.2014.2358612IEEE STD. 519-1992., 1993. IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems, IEEE Industry Applications Society/Power Engineering Society.Mikati, M., Santos, M., & Armenta, C. (2012). Modelado y Simulación de un Sistema Conjunto de Energía Solar y Eólica para Analizar su Dependencia de la Red Eléctrica. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática Industrial RIAI, 9(3), 267-281. doi:10.1016/j.riai.2012.05.010PSIM 7.0, 2006. Users Guide (2006), Powersim Inc.Sable, D.M.; Ridley, R.B.; Cho, B.H., 1990. Comparison of performance of single loop And current injection control for PWM converters which operate in both continuous and discontinuous modes of operation, Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1990. PESC ’90 Record., 21st Annual IEEE, pp.74-79.Vorperian, V. (1990). Simplified analysis of PWM converters using model of PWM switch. Continuous conduction mode. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 26(3), 490-496. doi:10.1109/7.10612

An Analysis of the Potential of Hydrogen Energy Technology on Demand Side Based on a Carbon Tax: A Case Study in Japan

Hydrogen energy is considered one of the main measures of zero carbonization in energy systems, but high equipment and hydrogen costs hinder the development of hydrogen energy technology. The objectives of this study are to quantify the environmental advantages of hydrogen energy through a carbon tax and study the application potential of hydrogen energy technology in a regional distributed energy system (RDES). In this study, various building types in the smart community covered by Japan’s first hydrogen energy pipeline are used as an example. First, ten buildings of five types are selected as the research objectives. Subsequently, two comparative system models of a regional distributed hydrogen energy system (RDHES) and an RDES were established. Then, by studying the optimal RDHES and RDES configuration and combining the prediction of future downward trends of fuel cell (FC) costs and energy carbon emissions, the application effect of FC and hydrogen storage (HS) technologies on the demand side was analyzed. Finally, the adaptability of the demand-side hydrogen energy system was studied by analyzing the load characteristics of different types of buildings. The results show that, when the FC price is reduced to 1.5 times that of the internal combustion engine (ICE), the existing carbon tax system can sufficiently support the RDHES in gaining economic advantages in some regions. Notably, when the carbon emissions of the urban energy system are reduced, the RDHES demonstrates stronger anti-risk ability and has greater suitability for promotion in museums and shopping malls. The conclusions obtained in this study provide quantitative support for hydrogen energy promotion policies on the regional demand side and serve as a theoretical reference for the design and adaptability research of RDHESs

Optimal Model of Distributed Energy System by Using GAMS and Case Study

This paper adopts optimal model which used GAMS to develop methods and tools for conducting an integrated assessment of DER system. Three cases were studied. Energy-saving, environmental and economic efficiency were evaluated. The results of the simulation can be summarized as follows: 1) For the current system, optimal operating time is about 4,132 hours per year, and from 8 am to 22 pm everyday. 2) It is economical when electricity price increases or gas price decreases. 3) According to the load function of system, energy-saving, environmental and economic efficiency will have amaximum value at optimal operating time. 4) Compared with exhaust heat efficiency, power generation efficiency has more influence to the economic efficiency and CO2 reduction when the total efficiency is fixed

Safe and Sound (Asleep) : Sleep Pod Safety Perceptions

The purpose of our research was to discover which features of the napping pod environment would be perceived as the most safe. In order to answer this question, we surveyed 103 undergraduate students, all of who are currently studying at the University of British Columbia. The level of safety respondents felt when napping in sleep pods was measured by a survey containing 10 questions, an outline of which is included in appendix A. Respondents were able to rate their felt safety on a scale ranging from 1 (I don’t feel very safe) to 7 (I feel very safe). There was an additional question at the end of the survey, which allowed participants to comment and address any other safety concerns they had regarding the implementation of sleep pods on campus. The results of the survey showed that, while students would generally feel safe napping in sleep pods, the introduction of secure storage for belongings and the inclusion of interior locks on the sleep pods, account for the greatest increase in perceived safety. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”Arts, Faculty ofScience, Faculty ofPsychology, Department ofResources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute forUnreviewedUndergraduat

A Novel Method for Network Design and Optimization of District Energy Systems: Considering Network Topology Planning and Pipe Diameter

This paper proposes a new network topology design method that considers all the road nodes, energy stations and load centers to ensure the distribution of pipes along the road. The traditional graph theory and Prim Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) are used to simplify the map and minimize the length of the pipeline. After analyzing the limitations of the traditional network topology model, Point-to-Point (PTP), we present a new model, Energy Station-to-Load Point (ESLP). The model is optimized by minimum cost, not the shortest path. Finally, Pipe Diameter Grading (PDG) is proposed based on ESLP by solving for the pipe diameter that gives the minimum cost under different load demands in the process of optimization. The network design method is effectively applied in a case, and the results show that the path of the optimized plan is 1.88% longer than that of the pre-optimized plan, but the cost is 2.38% lower. The sensitivity analysis shows that the cost of pipeline construction, project life and electricity price all have an impact on the optimization results, and the cost of pipeline construction is the most significant. The difference between the different classifications of pipelines affects whether PDG is effective or not

Optimum model-E-GAMS for Distributed Energy System by Using GAMS Method

DER-CAM Developed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), is an optimization tool for DER technology selection. However it can not be simply applied to the Japanese case because of the different climate and the utility tariff. This reserch aims to develope an optimazation tool for distributed energy for Japanese buildings using GAMS, a high-level modeling system for mathematical programming and optimization. This paper describes how we apply and demonstrate the tool to the energy center at Kitakyushu Research city, where has installed a fuelcell and a gas engine. An anylisis has also been conducted to see how the utility tarriff and the equipment efficiency can affect the operation of the DER system

Optimum model-E-GAMS for Distributed Energy System by Using GAMS Method

DER-CAM Developed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), is an optimization tool for DER technology selection. However it can not be simply applied to the Japanese case because of the different climate and the utility tariff. This reserch aims to develope an optimazation tool for distributed energy for Japanese buildings using GAMS, a high-level modeling system for mathematical programming and optimization. This paper describes how we apply and demonstrate the tool to the energy center at Kitakyushu Research city, where has installed a fuelcell and a gas engine. An anylisis has also been conducted to see how the utility tarriff and the equipment efficiency can affect the operation of the DER system