Low Expression of DYRK2 (Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 2) Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a member of dual-specificity kinase family, which could phosphorylate both Ser/Thr and Tyr substrates. The role of DYRK2 in human cancer remains controversial. For example, overexpression of DYRK2 predicts a better survival in human non-small cell lung cancer. In contrast, amplification of DYRK2 gene occurs in esophageal/lung adenocarcinoma, implying the role of DYRK2 as a potential oncogene. However, its clinical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been explored. In this study, we analyzed the expression of DYRK2 from Oncomine database and found that DYRK2 level is lower in primary or metastatic CRC compared to adjacent normal colon tissue or non-metastatic CRC, respectively, in 6 colorectal carcinoma data sets. The correlation between DYRK2 expression and clinical outcome in 181 CRC patients was also investigated by real-time PCR and IHC. DYRK2 expression was significantly down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues compared with adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Functional studies confirmed that DYRK2 inhibited cell invasion and migration in both HCT116 and SW480 cells and functioned as a tumor suppressor in CRC cells. Furthermore, the lower DYRK2 levels were correlated with tumor sites (P = 0.023), advanced clinical stages (P = 0.006) and shorter survival in the advanced clinical stages. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that DYRK2 expression was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001). Taking all, we concluded that DYRK2 a novel prognostic biomarker of human colorectal cancer

DiffAIL: Diffusion Adversarial Imitation Learning

Imitation learning aims to solve the problem of defining reward functions in real-world decision-making tasks. The current popular approach is the Adversarial Imitation Learning (AIL) framework, which matches expert state-action occupancy measures to obtain a surrogate reward for forward reinforcement learning. However, the traditional discriminator is a simple binary classifier and doesn't learn an accurate distribution, which may result in failing to identify expert-level state-action pairs induced by the policy interacting with the environment. To address this issue, we propose a method named diffusion adversarial imitation learning (DiffAIL), which introduces the diffusion model into the AIL framework. Specifically, DiffAIL models the state-action pairs as unconditional diffusion models and uses diffusion loss as part of the discriminator's learning objective, which enables the discriminator to capture better expert demonstrations and improve generalization. Experimentally, the results show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance and significantly surpasses expert demonstration on two benchmark tasks, including the standard state-action setting and state-only settings. Our code can be available at the link https://github.com/ML-Group-SDU/DiffAIL.Comment: Accepted at AAAI 202

Bifurcation and chaos of a flag in an inviscid flow

A two-dimensional model is developed to study the flutter instability of a flag immersed in an inviscid flow. Two dimensionless parameters governing the system are the structure-to-fluid mass ratio M⁎ and the dimensionless incoming flow velocity U⁎. A transition from a static steady state to a chaotic state is investigated at a fixed M⁎=1 with increasing U⁎. Five single-frequency periodic flapping states are identified along the route, including four symmetrical oscillation states and one asymmetrical oscillation state. For the symmetrical states, the oscillation frequency increases with the increase of U⁎, and the drag force on the flag changes linearly with the Strouhal number. Chaotic states are observed when U⁎ is relatively large. Three chaotic windows are observed along the route. In addition, the system transitions from one periodic state to another through either period-doubling bifurcations or quasi-periodic bifurcations, and it transitions from a periodic state to a chaotic state through quasi-periodic bifurcations

Increase of paddy moisture with automatic aeration in a warehouse guided by adsorption equilibrium absolute humidity equation: Poster

An automatic bulk monitoring and aeration controller was programmed with an adsorption equilibrium absolute humidity (CAE)equation and was used to aerate paddy with the aim to increase moisture content (MC) and preventing fissuring. The ventilation control window for rewetting paddy was developed according to two conditions: (i) the average grain bulk temperature (t<sub>g</sub>) is higher than the dewpoint temperature (DPT<sub>a</sub>) of the atmosphere; and (ii) the equilibrium absolute humidity (EAH<sub>g</sub>) of grain moisture content plus 1 percentage point is lower than the absolute humidity (AH<sub>a</sub>) of the atmosphere. The ventilators were turned on when the atmosphere state point was within the ventilation windowand turned off outside that window. In a humid subtropical monsoon climate, during Oct. 8<sup>th</sup> to Nov. 1<sup>st</sup>, 2013, the system was used for a paddy depot of 1035 t in Dianjiang, Chongqing province. The natural humid air was introduced into the paddy bulk by negative pressure suction aeration during the 10-12 h night time period and allowed to equilibrate with grain kernels during the 12-14 h day time period. Aeration increased grain MC by 0.6 percentage points with two 1.5 kW axial flow ventilators and power consumption of 209 kW·h. The unit energy consumption was 0.336 KW·h (1% moisture·t)<sup>-1</sup>. The broken milled rice percentage was decreased by 2-3 percentage points. In the warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate, during April 13<sup>th</sup> to June 16<sup>th</sup>, 2017, the system was used to rewet japonic paddy in a 2489 t depot in Qihe, Shandong province. The conditions for running two 0.85 kW axial flow fans were: (i) when the atmosphere relative humidity (RH<sub>a</sub>) is =80% and its temperature (t<sub>a</sub>) is <28°C, t<sub>g</sub>>DPT<sub>a</sub>, and EAH<sub>g</sub><AH<sub>a</sub>; and (ii) when RH<sub>a</sub> >80% and t<sub>a</sub> <28°C. Whenever t<sub>a</sub> was >28°C, the two fans were switched off. This rewetting aeration increased grain MC from 13.5% to 14.0%, and the unit energy consumption was 0.455 kW·h (1% moisture·t)<sup>-1</sup>. The percentages of average head rice yield and damaged grains after aeration were 71.7% and 7.7%, respectively.An automatic bulk monitoring and aeration controller was programmed with an adsorption equilibrium absolute humidity (CAE)equation and was used to aerate paddy with the aim to increase moisture content (MC) and preventing fissuring. The ventilation control window for rewetting paddy was developed according to two conditions: (i) the average grain bulk temperature (t<sub>g</sub>) is higher than the dewpoint temperature (DPT<sub>a</sub>) of the atmosphere; and (ii) the equilibrium absolute humidity (EAH<sub>g</sub>) of grain moisture content plus 1 percentage point is lower than the absolute humidity (AH<sub>a</sub>) of the atmosphere. The ventilators were turned on when the atmosphere state point was within the ventilation windowand turned off outside that window. In a humid subtropical monsoon climate, during Oct. 8<sup>th</sup> to Nov. 1<sup>st</sup>, 2013, the system was used for a paddy depot of 1035 t in Dianjiang, Chongqing province. The natural humid air was introduced into the paddy bulk by negative pressure suction aeration during the 10-12 h night time period and allowed to equilibrate with grain kernels during the 12-14 h day time period. Aeration increased grain MC by 0.6 percentage points with two 1.5 kW axial flow ventilators and power consumption of 209 kW·h. The unit energy consumption was 0.336 KW·h (1% moisture·t)<sup>-1</sup>. The broken milled rice percentage was decreased by 2-3 percentage points. In the warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate, during April 13<sup>th</sup> to June 16<sup>th</sup>, 2017, the system was used to rewet japonic paddy in a 2489 t depot in Qihe, Shandong province. The conditions for running two 0.85 kW axial flow fans were: (i) when the atmosphere relative humidity (RH<sub>a</sub>) is =80% and its temperature (t<sub>a</sub>) is <28°C, t<sub>g</sub>>DPT<sub>a</sub>, and EAH<sub>g</sub><AH<sub>a</sub>; and (ii) when RH<sub>a</sub> >80% and t<sub>a</sub> <28°C. Whenever t<sub>a</sub> was >28°C, the two fans were switched off. This rewetting aeration increased grain MC from 13.5% to 14.0%, and the unit energy consumption was 0.455 kW·h (1% moisture·t)<sup>-1</sup>. The percentages of average head rice yield and damaged grains after aeration were 71.7% and 7.7%, respectively

Bis[6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)picolinato]nickel(II)–aqua­[6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)picolinic acid]dithio­cyanato­nickel(II) (1/1)

In the title cocrystal, [Ni(C11H10N3O2)2]·[Ni(NCS)2(C11H11N3O2)(H2O)], both NiII ions are in disorted octa­hedral coordination environments. One NiII ion is coordinated by four N atoms and two O atoms from two tridentate 6-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)picolinate (DPP) ligands, while the other NiII ion is coordinated by a tridentate 6-((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl))picolinic acid (DPPH) ligand and by two N atoms and one O atom from two thio­cyanate and one water ligand, respectively. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming extended chains along [010]

A fault-tolerant triple-redundant voice coil motor for direct drive valves: Design, optimization, and experiment

AbstractA direct drive actuator (DDA) with direct drive valves (DDVs) as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor (TRVCM) used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet (PM) Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis (FEA). A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems

Classical model emerges in quantum entanglement: Quantum Monte Carlo study for an Ising-Heisenberg bilayer

By developing a cluster sampling of stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo method, we investigate a spin-$1/2$ model on a bilayer square lattice with intra-layer ferromagnetic (FM) Ising coupling and inter-layer antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interaction. The continuous quantum phase transition which occurs at $g_c=3.045(2)$ between the FM Ising phase and the dimerized phase is studied via large scale simulations. From the analyzes of critical exponents we show that this phase transition belongs to the (2+1)-dimensional Ising universality class. Besides, the quantum entanglement is strong between the two layers, especially in dimerized phase. The effective Hamiltonian of single layer seems like a transverse field Ising model. However, we found the quantum entanglement Hamiltonian is a pure classical Ising model without any quantum fluctuations. Furthermore, we give a more general explanation about how a classical entanglement Hamiltonian emerges

Vibration Effect Produced by Raised Pavement Markers on the Exit Ramp of an Expressway

Driving over raised pavement markers (RPMs) spaced at different spacing, the human body will experience different vibrations. To explore whether RPMs situated at the exit ramp of an expressway induce a good vibration warning effect, this paper determines the spacing of RPMs situated along a deceleration lane and curved ramp. Models of roads, vehicles, and RPMs are first established in the ADAMS software, after which an integrated human-chair model constructed in SolidWorks is imported into ADAMS, and then the complete model is formed so that vibration simulations of different types of vehicle at different spacing and speeds can be carried out. The results show that the vibration warning effects of the spacing proposed by the existing Chinese specifications and this paper are basically between level III and level IV, the driver’s subjective feeling is between less comfortable and uncomfortable, and both induce a good vibration warning effect. For a linear deceleration lane, when considering traffic safety, a spacing of 3 m is recommended; when considering the economy, a spacing of 6 m is recommended. For a curved deceleration lane and curved ramp, according to the actual curve radius, the spacing of RPMs can refer to the spacing recommended in the paper. In addition, the vibration warning effect for cars and semi-trailer trucks initially increases with an increase in the speed; then, after reaching a certain peak speed, the effect decreases with an increase in the speed, and finally, it tends to become gentle at speeds exceeding 100 km/h. The vibration warning effect for a semi-trailer truck is better than that for a car under the same spacing and speed. Document type: Articl