Directory of programs for rural girls in Ethiopia

Rural girls in Ethiopia face significant challenges on a host of issues including health, education, civic participation, and access to services. Beyond traditional female roles of wife and mother, the livelihood options open to girls and women are narrow. The goal of the Ethiopia “Brain Trust” project is to expand and improve programs for rural girls in Ethiopia. Under the Trust, a team of program practitioners convenes to explore best practices in reaching and supporting rural girls. Currently, 18 organizations are represented in the Trust. In addition, the Trust seeks to improve networking and information sharing among program practitioners working with rural girls in Ethiopia. This directory is a step in promoting collaboration and coordination among those working with rural girls. It also provides programmatic examples for organizations intending to work with rural girls. Entries in this directory include a range of programs addressing early marriage, abduction, female genital mutilation/cutting, gender relations, sexual and gender-based violence, livelihoods, access to education, and access to reproductive health information and services, among others

INSECTICIDES SOLD IN THE STREETS OF ADDIS ABABA FOR DOMESTIC USE AND THE POSSIBLE PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARD ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRACTICE

ABSTRACTChemical analyses were performed to identify the insecticides sold in the streets of Addis Ababa by peddlers. Parat"'ion, a very toxic substance, and malathion, were identified in a number of the unlabelled liquid samples, while packages of powder bearing the lable "DDT" were confirmed to contain thu insecticide. Thu study assesses the possible hazards resulting from street vendors selling insecticides and living advice on their use and concludes that the practice u hazardous to the public

Renal Function Impairment and Associated Factors among HAART Naïve and Experienced Adult HIV Positive Individuals in Southwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its treatment cause renal diseases. Renal disease is associated with an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV positive individuals than in the general population. It has been also associated with adverse outcomes, such as complications of decreased renal functions and progression to renal failure. OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and factors associated with renal function impairment among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) naive and HAART experienced adult HIV positive individuals. METHODS:A facility based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH) from June to September 2014. HIV positive individuals who visited JUSH during the study period were included in the study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Blood specimen was analyzed for renal function tests. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test and logistic regression analysis were done using SPSS version 16 software. RESULTS:A total of 446 HIV positive individuals, 223 HAART naïve and 223 HAART experienced, were recruited. The overall prevalence of renal function impairment was 18.2% [95%CI: 14.6-21.7]. The prevalence of renal impairment in HAART naive and HAART experienced persons was 28.7% [95%CI: 23.1-34.4] and 7.6% [95%CI: 4.6-11.6], respectively. Age ≥ 50 years (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.4, 9.6), advanced WHO stage (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI 1.1, 4.7), and CD4 count <200 (AOR = 6.9; 95% CI 3.3, 14.2) were independent risk factors among HAART naive participants. Female gender (AOR = 6.6; 95 CI % 1.2, 34), age ≥ 50 years (AOR = 12.1; 95% CI 1.7, 84) and CD4 count <200 (AOR = 17; 95% CI 5.2, 58) were independent risk factors among HAART experienced participants. CONCLUSION:The prevalence of renal function impairment was higher among HAART naïve than HAART experienced HIV positive individuals. Renal function impairment was associated with disease advancement and old age

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for renal impairment among adult HIV positive individuals at JUSH, Southwest Ethiopia, 2014.

<p>Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for renal impairment among adult HIV positive individuals at JUSH, Southwest Ethiopia, 2014.</p

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of renal impairment among HAART naive HIV positive individuals participated in the study, south west Ethiopia, 2014.

<p>Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of renal impairment among HAART naive HIV positive individuals participated in the study, south west Ethiopia, 2014.</p

Prevalence of renal function impairments stratified by HAART among adult HIV positive individuals at JUSH.

<p>Prevalence of renal function impairments stratified by HAART among adult HIV positive individuals at JUSH.</p

Comparison of the median of laboratory tests using Mann-Whitney U test of adult HIV positive individuals stratified by HAART status at JUSH.

<p>South West Ethiopia, 2014.</p

Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of in HAART experienced HIV patients involved in the study, south west Ethiopia, 2014.

<p>Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of in HAART experienced HIV patients involved in the study, south west Ethiopia, 2014.</p

Preventive chemotherapy coverage against soil-transmitted helminth infection among school age children: Implications from coverage validation survey in Ethiopia, 2019.

BackgroundSoil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain the most common neglected tropical diseases among children living mainly in low-resource settings. Preventive chemotherapy (PC) has been implemented as one of the main public health interventions to control and eliminate STH infections. Although data on routine coverage of PC against STH are available at different level of the health system; these data are unreliable as they are subject to errors and manipulation and evidence is lacking on validated treatment coverage. Thus, this study aimed to determine anthelminthic coverage among school age children (SAC) to inform decision made in PC program implementation.MethodsWe conducted a community-based cross-sectional coverage survey in ten districts of Ethiopia; in April 2019. Sample size was computed automatically using Coverage Survey Builder (CSB) tool in Microsoft excel. Thirty segments were randomly selected per each selected districts. Collected data were cleaned and analysed using SPSS software (IBM, version 25).Principal findingsIn all, 8154 SAC participated in the study. The overall anthelminthic coverage was found to be 71% (95%confidence interval (CI) = 70-71.9%). The reported coverage was lower than the surveyed coverage only in Guagusa district. The PC coverage among males (71.9%) was slightly higher than females' coverage (70%); and the coverage in the age group between10 and 14 years (77%) was higher compared with the age group between 5 and 9 years (64.3%). In addition, the PC coverage in school attending children (81.1%) was much higher than coverage in non-enrolled children (28.3%). Moreover, the most frequently mentioned reasons for not swallowing drugs were drug not given (24.75%) and not attending school (19.75%).ConcussionThis study showed that only five out of ten districts met the target threshold (minimum 75%) for effective coverage. Hence, implementations of preventive chemotherapy should be improved in those districts with low coverage data