Constrained D-optimal Design for Paid Research Study

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Interconnected Porous Polymers with Tunable Pore Throat Size Prepared via Pickering High Internal Phase Emulsions

Interconnected macroporous polymers were prepared by copolymerizing methyl acrylate (MA) via Pickering high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) templates with modified silica particles. The pore structure of the obtained polymer foams was observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Gas permeability was characterized to evaluate the interconnectivity of macroporous polymers. The polymerization shrinkage of continuous phase tends to form open pores while the solid particles surrounding the droplets act as barriers to produce closed pores. These two conflicting factors are crucial in determining the interconnectivity of macroporous polymers. Thus, poly-Pickering HIPEs with high permeability and well-defined pore structure can be achieved by tuning the MA content, the internal phase fraction, and the content of modified silica particles

Effects of S1P1 selective agonist to the distribution of the CD4+T cells, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T(Treg) cellsand CD11c+ CD103+ cells in the lymphoid tissue.

<p>(A) Representative flow cytometry of different cell populations; (B)The percentage of the CD4+T cell populationin cervical lymph nodes, spleen, peripheral blood and mesentery lymph node; (V) The percentage ratio Treg cells(to CD4+ cells) in cervical lymph nodes, spleen, peripheral blood and mesentery lymph node;(D) CD11c+ CD103+ cells in cervical lymph nodes (B), spleen (C), peripheral blood (D) and mesentery lymph node. The data was analyzed by flow cytometer at day 14 after treatment by S1P1 selective agonist, FTY720, Cyclosporine A and control. Values represent mean +/− SD, n = 5 mice per group. **p<0.01; *p<0.05.</p

The effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist on the survival of corneal allografts.

<p><b>A.</b> Opacity, edema and neovascularization of corneal grafts after treatment by S1P1 selective agonist, FTY720, Cyclosporin A and control. <b>B.</b> Mean survival time of rejection free graft after treatment by S1P1 selective agonist, FTY720, Cyclosporine A and control. <b>C.</b> Survival curves of rejection free graft after treatment by S1P1 selective agonist, FTY720, Cyclosporin A and control. Green curve: Cyclosporin A (5 mg/kg/d) treated recipients. Red curve: FTY720 (5 mg/kg/d) treated recipients. Black curve: S1P1 selective agonist (1 mg/kg/d) treated recipients. Twenty mice were used for each group.</p

Expression levels of immunoregulation related cytokines in the serum after treatment by the S1P1 selective agonist.

<p>The levels of IL-2, TGF-β1, IL-10 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA at day 14 after treatment by S1P1 selective agonist. Values represent mean +/− SD, n = 5 mice per group. **p<0.01; *p<0.05.</p

The structure of S1P1 selective agonist used in the study, as well as the dose optimization of S1P1 selective agonist and non-selective agonist FTY720.

<p>The dose optimization of S1P1 selective agonist and non-selective FTY720.BALB/c mice received allogeneic corneal transplantation and then were treated with selective S1P1 agonist or FTY720 of different dose(S1P1 selective agonist: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg/kg/d; FTY720: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg/kg/d; saline was used as 0 dose; n = 10 for each group). The optimal dose was determined based on the survival curve and median survival time (MST). The results indicated that the optimal doses for S1P1 selective agonist and FTY720 in mouse allogeneic corneal transplantation were 1 mg/kg/d and 5 mg kg/d.</p

The method to measure ocular dominance index (ODI).

<p>(A) The log(Cst_Mondrian/Cst_Gabor) was calculated at response for each trial and each eye was tested 50 times. (B) T-test was used to compare the log ratios collected from the two eyes and the t-value was used as the ODI. Examples of subjects with unclear dominance (ODI < 2, left panel) and clear dominance (ODI ≥ 2, right panel) are shown here. Circles and triangles represent median and mean of the log ratios respectively.</p

Correlation between the amplitude of anisometropia and ocular dominance index.

<p>Correlation between the amplitude of anisometropia and ocular dominance index.</p

The refractive errors.

<p>The refractive errors.</p

Dominant eyes were more myopic in myopic anisometropic subjects (A) and less hyperopic in hyperopic anisometropic subjects (B).

<p>The amplitude of anisometropia was calculated as the refractive error of the dominant eye minus the refractive error of the non-dominant eye.</p