Morphological Bases of Suppressive and Facilitative Spatial Summation in the Striate Cortex of the Cat

In V1 of cats and monkeys, activity of neurons evoked by stimuli within the receptive field can be modulated by stimuli in the extra-receptive field (ERF). This modulating effect can be suppressive (S-ERF) or facilitatory (F-ERF) and plays different roles in visual information processing. Little is known about the cellular bases underlying the different types of ERF modulating effects. Here, we focus on the morphological differences between the S-ERF and F-ERF neurons. Single unit activities were recorded from V1 of the cat. The ERF properties of each neuron were assessed by area-response functions using sinusoidal grating stimuli. On completion of the functional tests, the cells were injected intracellularly with biocytin. The labeled cells were reconstructed and morphologically characterized in terms of the ERF modulation effects. We show that the vast majority of S-ERF neurons and F-ERF neurons are pyramidal cells and that the two types of cells clearly differ in the size of the soma, in complexity of dendrite branching, in spine size and density, and in the range of innervations of the axon collaterals. We propose that different pyramidal cell phenotypes reflect a high degree of specificity of neuronal connections associated with different types of spatial modulation

恶性黑色素瘤合并嗜肺军团菌感染性肺炎病例报告

Legionella pneumonia is mainly in community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonias caused by the L. pneumophila. The paper reported a case of Legionella pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila Sg1 in a man with malignant melanoma. The method for diagnosing Legionella pneumonia by standard culture method，serotyping，PCR-enzymatic digestion analysis and gene sequencing was elaborate. To confirm the diagnosis result of this rapid diagnostic method, sequencing of the bacteria in patient’s sputum partial gene was also carried out. The diagnosis result of this rapid diagnostic method was consistent with the culture method which indicated that it was effective in diagnosing L. pneumophila infection.军团菌肺炎主要是由嗜肺军团菌感染引起的一种社区获得性或医院内感染性肺炎。本文报告了1例临床上极为罕见的恶性黑色素瘤合并嗜肺军团菌血清1型感染引起的军团菌肺炎，并对其实验室诊断作了系统描述，包括病人痰液标本的细菌分离培养、血清学分型、PCR-酶切分型和基因测序鉴定等分子生物学诊断技术，结果表明PCR-酶切分型对于诊断军团菌病是一种快速、准确可靠的试验方法

Further Study On U(1) Gauge Invariance Restoration

To further investigate the applicability of the projection scheme for eliminating the unphysical divergence $s/m_e^2$ due to U(1) gauge invariance violation, we study the process $e^-+W^+\to e^-+\bar t+b$ which possesses advantages of simplicity and clearness. Our study indicates that the projection scheme can indeed eliminate the unphysical divergence $s/m_e^2$ caused by the U(1) gauge invariance violation and the scheme can apply to very high energy region.Comment: Latex, 13 pages, 4 EPS fiure

Sinkage, trim, drag of a common freely floating monohull ship

A practical method — well suited for early ship design and hull form optimization — for estimating the sinkage, the trim and the drag of a freely-floating common monohull ship at moderate Froude numbers F ≤ 0.45 is considered. The sinkage and the trim are realistically estimated via two alternative simple methods: an experimental approach based on an analysis of experimental measurements (involving no flow computations), and a numerical approach based on a practical linear potential-flow theory (the Neumann-Michell theory) that only requires simple flow computations for the hull surface ΣH of the ship at rest. The drag is also estimated in a simple way, based on the classical Froude decomposition into viscous and wave components: well-known semi empirical expressions for the friction drag, the viscous drag and the drag due to hull roughness are used, and the wave drag is evaluated via the Neumann-Michell theory. The drag is more sensitive to the hull position than the sinkage and the trim. Accordingly, it must be computed for a ‘dynamic’ ship hull surface ΣH that accounts for sinkage and trim effects, although the hull surface ΣH does not need to be very precise. In fact, the total drag computed for the hull surface ΣH chosen as the hull surface ΣH predicted by the numerical approach, or as st 1 the hull surface ΣH predicted by the even simpler experimental approach, are nearly identical. Moreover, the drag of the hull surface ΣH and the (nearly identical) drag of the hull surface ΣH 1 a are significantly higher, and also in much better agreement with experimental measurements, than the drag of the hull surface Σ

Fast and Unbiased Estimation of Volume Under Ordered Three-Class ROC Surface (VUS) With Continuous or Discrete Measurements

Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) surfaces have been studied in the literature essentially during the last decade and are considered as a natural generalization of ROC curves in three-class problems. The volume under the surface (VUS) is useful for evaluating the performance of a trichotomous diagnostic system or a three-class classifier's overall accuracy when the possible disease condition or sample belongs to one of three ordered categories. In the areas of medical studies and machine learning, the VUS of a new statistical model is typically estimated through a sample of ordinal and continuous measurements obtained by some suitable specimens. However, discrete scales of the prediction are also frequently encountered in practice. To deal with such scenario, in this paper, we proposed a unified and efficient algorithm of linearithmic order, based on dynamic programming, for unbiased estimation of the mean and variance of VUS with unidimensional samples drawn from continuous or non-continuous distributions. Monte Carlo simulations verify our theoretical findings and developed algorithms

A global approximation to the green function for diffraction-radiation of regular water waves in deep water

The Green function of the theory of diffraction radiation of time-harmonic (regular) waves by an offshore structure, or a ship at low speed, in deep water is considered. The Green function G and its gradient ∇G are expressed in the usual manner as the sum of three com- ponents that correspond to the fundamental free-space singularity, a non-oscillatory local flow, and waves. Simple approximations that only involve elementary continuous functions (algebraic, exponential, logarithmic) of real arguments are given for the local flow components in G and G. These approximations are global approximations valid within the entire flow region, rather regions as can be found in the literature

Fine-grained Emotion Role Detection Based on Retweet Information

User behaviors in online social networks convey not only literal information but also one’s emotion attitudes towards the information. To compute this attitude, we define the concept of emotion role as the concentrated reflection of a user’s online emotional characteristics. Emotion role detection aims to better understand the structure and sentiments of online social networks and support further analysis, e.g., revealing public opinions, providing personalized recommendations, and detecting influential users. In this paper, we first introduce the definition of a fine-grained emotion role, which consists of two dimensions: emotion orientation (i.e., positive, negative, and neutral) and emotion influence (i.e., leader and follower). We then propose a Multi-dimensional Emotion Role Mining model, named as MERM, to determine a user’s emotion role in online social networks. Specifically, we tend to identify emotion roles by combining a set of features that reflect a user’s online emotional status, including degree of emotional characteristics, accumulated emotion preference, structural factor, temporal factor and emotion change factor. Experiment results on a real-life micro-blog reposting dataset show that the classification accuracy of the proposed model can achieve up to 90.1%