FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONALLY-PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE IN PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN KAZAKHSTAN

The given article is considering the problem of insufficient formulation of theoretical bases of the Formation of Professional competence of students – future teachers of Vocational training in Kazakhstan upon requirements of a new educational paradigm, this impedes the integration into the global educational space. The analysis of the theories of EU, USA and UIS scientists revealed the novelty of the research in the implementation of the main directions of international experience in accordance with the requirements of the new educational paradigm, oriented towards competencies, based on knowledge, skills and attitude. The aim of the study is to reveal the professionally-pedagogical competence for the preparation of future teachers according to the structure of using primary methods of overview-theoretical analysis, including analysis and synthesis. The study design is based on the modern requirements of higher education, based on competencies of educational paradigm. The key results of the study will determinate suggestions on the Formation of the professional competence of future teachers on the example of the specialty Vocational training. On results of theories’ analyse will be revealed the structure of the professionally-pedagogical competence. The question of the study is how to improve the preparation of future teachers in Higher Educational Institutions, which is depending on modern requirements of educational paradigm based on competencies.  

PROMISING DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPORTS TOURISM IN THE ALMATY REGION USING THE EXAMPLE OF ROCK CLIMBING

The aim of the study was the process of studying the phenomenon of rock climbing development as one of the promising areas of sports tourism in the Almaty region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which has a wide range of tourist resources systematically involved in various types of tourism. The research method was a large-scale, extended analysis of the tourist attractiveness of the region, and thus defined the most popular tourism destinations, as well as the persistent association of the Almaty region with mountain and foothill terrain, sports tourism and rock climbing. As a result of the research, the authors have formed a clear understanding of rock climbing as one of the promising areas for the development of sports tourism, which is currently becoming increasingly popular among both the local population and tourists of different ages. Sports tourism, rock climbing on natural and artificial (specially created) terrain, requires significant resource provision with respect to both the rock climbing sites, and professional personnel in the field of tourism who possess competencies in the field of sports tourism, ensuring the implementation of this tourist service. The results of the research presented in this article are based on the professional activities of the authors and allow them to have a qualitative impact on the process of training the sports tourism personnel, and contribute to the development of different-level routes for tourists wishing to engage in rock climbing, expand the involvement of tourists and contribute to the development of touristic attractiveness of the regions of the country

Detection of the Frail Elderly at Risk of Postoperative Sepsis.

With the increase in the elderly population, surgery in aged patients is seeing an exponential increase. In this population, sepsis is a major concern for perioperative care, especially in older and frail patients. We aim to investigate the incidence of sepsis in elderly patients receiving diverse types of surgical procedures and explore the predictive capacity of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) to identify patients at high risk of incidence of postoperative sepsis. This study relies on information from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set, including data from nearly 300 hospitals in Spain. We extracted records of 254,836 patients aged 76 years and older who underwent a series of surgical interventions within three consecutive years (2016-2018). The HFRS and Elixhauser comorbidity index were computed to determine the independent effect on the incidence of sepsis. Overall, the incidence of postoperative sepsis was 2645 (1.04%). The higher risk of sepsis was in major stomach, esophageal, and duodenal (7.62%), followed by major intestinal procedures (5.65%). Frail patients are at high risk of sepsis. HFRS demonstrated a high predictive capacity to identify patients with a risk of postoperative sepsis and can be a valid instrument for risk stratification and vigilant perioperative monitoring for the early identification of patients at high risk of sepsis.S

ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC STATE OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY IN THE PAVLODAR REGION (KAZAKHSTAN)

The Pavlodar region is of interest as an object of economic diversification and development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of this study is to assess the development of tourism in the Pavlodar region. Statistical data on the contribution of tourism activities to the gross regional product (GRP), infrastructure, the labor market of tourism services, and investments in the sector are analyzed. Data obtained from official sources: Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning and Reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2015-2019. During the study, it was found that the nominal contribution of the tourism industry to the development of the region's economy for 2015–2019 ranged from 0.55% to 0.3%. The maximum volumes of services related to tourism activities and the maximum growth rates were in 2017 and 2019. The growth rates of services in these periods were 114.1% and 107%, respectively. In 2019, tourism reached its maximum development in the Pavlodar region until the start of the pandemic, primarily due to investments in the industry. As of 2019, the degree of depreciation of fixed assets in the tourism industry was 46.2%. Thus, studies show that the tourism industry has a low organizational and economic level of development. However, there is also potential for tourism development: the stable political situation in the Republic of Kazakhstan and Pavlodar region; the implementation of measures to support the development of the tourism industry at the state and regional levels; availability of tourist recreational resources

On the Question of the Complex Processing of Pyrite Cinders

A complex processing variant for pyrite cinders, i.e., the technogenic waste generated in the production of sulfuric acid, was proposed. This method provided preliminary chemical activation of the initial raw materials that comprised thermal treatment with a sodium bicarbonate solution and resulted in structural and phase changes of separate minerals. Due to chemical activation, it was possible to separate the nonferrous metals into separate products (in addition to the partial extraction of iron) and then concentrate the noble metals in the residue. The noble metals were then able to be extracted through a leaching process with a complex reagent based on sulfur compounds and subsequent cementation with zinc dust. The developed method, unlike pyrometallurgical methods, is less energy-consuming and more easily implemented than the known hydrometallurgical variants, enabling the separation of nonferrous metals and the partial separation of iron into separate middlings at the first stage. Noble metals are concentrated in the residue and extracted from it

Extraction of Noble Metals from Pyrite Cinders

When obtaining sulfuric acid from pyrite concentrates, a significant amount of waste is generated in the form of pyrite cinders that require disposal. The methods used in processing this raw material are, as a rule, the pyrometallurgical processes of chlorination and chloride sublimation, the disadvantages of which include increased energy consumption and a lack of complexity in the extraction of valuable components. Hydrometallurgical processes are in less demand due to their multi-stage nature and complexity of execution. The method of chemical activation developed at the JSC “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” makes it possible to isolate iron and non-ferrous metals into separate, middling products and to concentrate noble metals in the cake at the first stage. Physical and chemical studies of the cake found that its basis comprises iron compounds. The silver in the cake is associated with pyrite, while the gold is associated with hematite; it is also possible to find gold in the form of AuCl3. The content of gold in the cake is 1.5 g/t, and the silver content is 17.7 g/t. Based on physical and chemical studies and data from the literature, various versions of the hydrochlorination method are proposed to open the cake

Detection of the Frail Elderly at Risk of Postoperative Sepsis

With the increase in the elderly population, surgery in aged patients is seeing an exponential increase. In this population, sepsis is a major concern for perioperative care, especially in older and frail patients. We aim to investigate the incidence of sepsis in elderly patients receiving diverse types of surgical procedures and explore the predictive capacity of the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) to identify patients at high risk of incidence of postoperative sepsis. This study relies on information from the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set, including data from nearly 300 hospitals in Spain. We extracted records of 254,836 patients aged 76 years and older who underwent a series of surgical interventions within three consecutive years (2016–2018). The HFRS and Elixhauser comorbidity index were computed to determine the independent effect on the incidence of sepsis. Overall, the incidence of postoperative sepsis was 2645 (1.04%). The higher risk of sepsis was in major stomach, esophageal, and duodenal (7.62%), followed by major intestinal procedures (5.65%). Frail patients are at high risk of sepsis. HFRS demonstrated a high predictive capacity to identify patients with a risk of postoperative sepsis and can be a valid instrument for risk stratification and vigilant perioperative monitoring for the early identification of patients at high risk of sepsis

Ultrasound-Guided vs. Fluoroscopy-Guided Interventions for Back Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of the ultrasound- and fluoroscopy-guided techniques in the management of back pain. Using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, we searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before May 2023, which reported relevant data on the topic. The effectiveness of the ultrasound-guided (US-guided) and fluoroscopy-guided (FL-guided) approaches for back pain management was compared in terms of postoperative pain intensity, postoperative functional outcomes, and postoperative complications. Subgroup analyses were conducted for different postoperative periods. Eight studies were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in post-procedural pain relief at one week, two weeks, one month, two months, and three months between the US-guided and FL-guided interventions for back pain management (SMD with 95% CI is −0.01 [−0.11, 0.10]), p = 0.91, I2 = 0%). In terms of the postoperative functional outcomes assessed by the “Oswestry Disability Index” (ODI) functionality score, the model tends to favor the FL-guided injections over the US-guided injections (SMD with 95% CI: 0.13 [−0.00, 0.25], p = 0.05, I2 = 0). Finally, the US-guided and FL-guided injections did not show significantly different results in terms of postoperative complications (RR with 95% CI is 0.99 [0.49, 1.99], p = 0.97, I2 = 0). The subgroup analysis also did not demonstrate differences between the US-guided and FL-guided techniques in the following outcomes: vasovagal reaction, transient headache, and facial flushing. There was no significant difference between the US-guided and FL-guided injections for treating back pain in terms of postoperative pain intensity and complications. Still, the model tends to favor the FL-guided injections over the US-guided injections in terms of functionality