Shape anisotropy effect on magnetic domain wall dynamics in nanowires under thermal gradient

We investigate the magnetic-domain wall (DW) dynamics in uniaxial/biaxial-nanowires under a thermal gradient (TG). The findings reveal that the DW propagates toward the hotter region in both nanowires. In uniaxial-nanowire, the DW propagates accompanying a rotation of the DW-plane. In biaxial nanowire, DW propagates in the hotter region, and the so-called Walker breakdown phenomenon is observed. The main physics of such DW dynamics is the magnonic angular momentum transfer to the DW. The hard (shape) anisotropy exists in biaxial-nanowire, which contributes an additional torque; hence DW speed is larger than that in uniaxial-nanowire. But rotational speed is lower initially as hard anisotropy suppresses the DW-rotation. After certain TG, DW-plane overcomes the hard anisotropy; thus, the rotational speed increases again. DW dynamics show a decreasing trend with the damping since the magnon propagation length decreases. Therefore, the above findings might be useful to realize the spintronics (i.e., fast racetrack memory) devices

The evolution of green shipping practices adoption in the international maritime industry

Seaborne trade exhibits a continual expansion with technological advancement, reportedly 10.7 billion tons in 2017, with a 3.8% growth annually. It is forecast to double in the next two decades (UNCTAD, 2018). The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is persistently heading to stricter regulatory amendments to steer shipping towards a greener and more sustainable future. Therefore, green shipping has drawn enormous interest from both academia and researchers. This paper summarizes a comprehensive bibliometric analysis aiming to understand the development of research trends in this area and suggest future research. Most of the research is focused on air pollution, practical operation or technical measures, recycling for GSP in the shipping sector. The theoretical approach to GSP and its concept is yet to be crystalline for the marine industry. According to existing research, further study is required to establish a GSP construct and propose pollution abatement technical solutions with a comprehensive evaluating tool. Besides, scholars from different territories may collaboratively suggest setting up standards and legislation of GSP for the life cycle of the ship to achieve an ever-sustainable maritime transport industry worldwide

ETHNOMEDICINAL SURVEY OF NOAGAON DISTRICT, BANGLADESH

Noagaon district falls within the greater Rajshahi Division in the north-western part of Bangladesh. We conducted an ethnomedicinal survey amongst the Kavirajes (traditional medicinal practitioners) of the district to gather information on medicinal plants to treat various ailments. Information on 21 plants distributed into 17 families was collected. The various medicinal plant species (with family name in parenthesis) included Barleria sp. (Acanthaceae), Crinum sp. (Amaryllidaceae), Annona squamosa (Annonaceae), Holarrhena antidysenterica (Apocynaceae), Bombax ceiba (Bombacaceae), Canna indica (Cannaceae), Wedelia chinensis (Compositae), Ipomoea mauritiana (Convolvulaceae), Cycas sp. (Cycadaceae), Ephedra sp. (Ephedraceae), Adenanthera pavonina (Leguminosae), Cajanus cajan (Leguminosae), Mucuna pruriens (Leguminosae), Urena lobata (Malvaceae), Cocculus hirsutus (Menispermaceae), Stephania japonica (Menispermaceae), Piper longum (Piperaceae), Glycosmis pentaphylla (Rutaceae), Murraya koenigii (Rutaceae), Tectona grandis (Verbenaceae), and Curcuma zedoaria (Zingiberaceae). The various ailments treated by whole plant or plant parts were food poisoning, flatulency, dysentery, indigestion, infertility, pain, paralysis, snake bite, debility, bronchitis, jaundice, anemia, skin infections, spermatorrhea, abscess, skin infections, reduced breast milk in lactating mothers, fever, diabetes, and helminthiasis