A pilot study for genome wide association study (GWAS) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their parents

PubMe

Factors That Affect the False-Negative Outcomes of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy in Thyroid Nodules

Background. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that affect the false-negative outcomes of fine-needle aspiration biopsies (FNABs) in thyroid nodules. Methods. Thyroid nodules that underwent FNAB and surgery between August 2005 and January 2012 were analyzed. FNABs were taken from the suspicious nodules regardless of nodule size. Results. Nodules were analyzed in 2 different groups: Group 1 was the false-negatives (n=81) and Group 2 was the remaining true-positives, true-negatives, and false-positives (n=649). A cytopathologist attended in 559 (77%) of FNAB procedures. There was a positive correlation between the nodule size and false-negative rates, and the absence of an interpreting cytopathologist for the examination of the FNAB procedure was the most significant parameter with a 76-fold increased risk of false-negative results. Conclusion. The contribution of cytopathologists extends the time of the procedure, and this could be a difficult practice in centres with high patient turnovers. We currently request the contribution of a cytopathologist for selected patients whom should be followed up without surgery

Neuroendocrine tumors presenting with thyroid gland metastasis: a case series

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Autopsy series have shown that metastasis to the thyroid gland has occurred in up to 24% of patients who have died of cancer. Neuroendocrine tumors may metastasize to thyroid gland.</p> <p>Case presentations</p> <p>Case 1 was a 17-year-old Turkish woman who was referred from our Endocrinology Department for a thyroidectomy for treatment of neuroendocrine tumor metastasis. She was treated with a bilateral total thyroidectomy. Histopathological examination results were consistent with a neuroendocrine tumor; neoplastic cells showed strong immunoreactivity to chromogranin A and synaptophysin, but the immunohistochemical profile was inconsistent with medullary thyroid carcinoma in that the tumor was negative for calcitonin, carcinoembryonic antigen, and thyroid transcription factor-1.</p> <p>Case 2 was a 54-year-old Turkish woman who presented with a 3-cm nodule on her right thyroid lobe. She had undergone surgery for a right lung mass four years previously. After a right pneumonectomy, thymectomy and lymph node dissection, a typical carcinoid tumor was diagnosed. Under ultrasonographic guidance, fine needle aspiration biopsy of her right thyroid pole nodule was performed and the biopsy was compatible with a neuroendocrine tumor metastasis. She was treated with a bilateral total thyroidectomy. Histopathological examination indicated three nodular lesions, 5 cm and 0.4 cm in diameter in her right lobe and 0.1 cm in diameter in her left lobe. The tumors were consistent with a neuroendocrine phenotype, showing strong immunoreactivity to chromogranin A and synaptophysin.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Thyroid nodules detected during follow-up of neuroendocrine tumor patients should be thoroughly investigated. A fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid confirms the diagnosis in most cases and leads to appropriate management of those patients and may prevent unnecessary treatment approaches.</p

UTERINE MYOMA WITH CYSTIC DEGENERATION MIMICKING OVARIAN NEOPLASM: A CASE REPORT

WOS: 000408442000008Objective: Myomas are the most common uterine neoplasms. They usually have a characteristic appearance on ultrasound but the myomas that have undergone degeneration may have variable patterns. We are presenting a patient with the histologic diagnosis of uterine myoma with cystic degeneration, but preoperatively, we strongly suspected that the tumor was a primary ovarian tumor. Case report: A 41-year-old woman, presented with a history of abdominal distention and pelvic pain. Abdominal sonogram showed a large, complex and predominantly cystic mass, approximately 20 cm x 30 cm in size, occupying the whole abdomen and suggestive of a suspicious ovarian neoplasm. Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan showed a large, thin-walled and predominantly cystic mass. The tumor was in general cystic but solid components showed contrast enhancement after contrast injection. Tumor markers were slightly elevated. Primary ovarian tumor was the most likely diagnosis, because of its size, cystic nature and thin walls. At laparotomy, we found an enlarged, complex and predominantly cystic tumor arising from the uterus that filled the entire abdominal cavity. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy was done. Frozen section diagnosis was degenerated uterine myoma. Postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged 5 days after the operation. The final histologic diagnosis was uterine myoma with cystic and myxoid degeneration, no mitosis nor necrosis was present. Conclusion: An uterine myoma with extensive cystic degeneration may mimic an ovarian tumor on imaging modalities and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an adnexial / pelvic mass

UTERINE MYOMA WITH CYSTIC DEGENERATION MIMICKING OVARIAN NEOPLASM: A CASE REPORT

Objective: Myomas are the most common uterine neoplasms. They usually have a characteristic appearance on ultrasound but the myomas that have undergone degeneration may have variable patterns. We are presenting a patient with the histologic diagnosis of uterine myoma with cystic degeneration, but preoperatively, we strongly suspected that the tumor was a primary ovarian tumor

A Rare Disease of the Digestive Tract: Esophageal Melanosis

Esophageal melanosis which is characterized by melanocytic proliferation in the squamous epithelium of the esophagus and melanin accumulatin of esophageal mucosa (EM) is a rare disease of the digestive system. Although esophageal melanosis is considered to be a benign disease, its etiology is not cleared and has been reported to be the precursor lesion of esophageal primary melanomas. In this report, we aimed to note esophageal melanosis in a 55-year-old female case who applied to our clinic with difficulty in swallowing, burning behind the breastbone in the stomach, heartburn, indigestion, and pain in the upper abdomen after endoscopic and pathologic evaluation. Complaints dropped with anti-acid therapy and case was followed by intermittent endoscopic procedures because of precursor melanocytic lesions

Lithium-associated primary hyperparathyroidism complicated by nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism is the leading cause of hypercalcemia in lithium-treated patients. Lithium may lead to exacerbation of pre-existing primary hyperparathyroidism or cause an increased set-point of calcium for parathyroid hormone suppression, leading to parathyroid hyperplasia. Lithium may cause renal tubular concentration defects directly by the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or indirectly by the effects of hypercalcemia. In this study, we present a female patient on long-term lithium treatment who was evaluated for hypercalcemia. Preoperative imaging studies indicated parathyroid adenoma and multinodular goiter. Parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy were planned. During the postoperative course, prolonged intubation was necessary because of agitation and delirium. During this period, polyuria, severe dehydration, and hypernatremia developed, which responded to controlled hypotonic fluid infusions and was unresponsive to parenteral desmopressin. A diagnosis of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was apparent. A parathyroid adenoma and multifocal papillary thyroid cancer were detected on histopathological examination. It was thought that nephrogenic diabetes insipidus was masked by hypercalcemia preoperatively. A patient on lithium treatment should be carefully followed up during or after surgery to prevent life-threatening complications of previously unrecognized nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and the possibility of renal concentrating defects on long-term lithium use should be sought, particularly in patients with impaired consciousness

Risk factors of incidental parathyroidectomy after thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disorders

Background: Incidental resection of parathyroid tissue is not uncommon during thyroidectomy and may occur even in the hands of experienced thyroid surgeons. We aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of incidental parathyroidectomy and to determine which risk factors are important for it