Results of medical studies during long-term manned flights on the orbital Salyut-6 and Soyuz complex

Results of tests made on the crews of the Salyut-6 and Soyuz complex are presented. The basic results of studies made before, during and after 96-day and 140-day flights are presented in 5 sections: characteristics of flight conditions in the orbital complex; the cardiovascular system; the motor sphere and vestibular analyzer; biochemical, hematologic and immunologic studies; and recovery measures in the readaptation period

Drought and smut resistance of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) seedlings

The aim of the work was to study the impact of drought on the millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) seed germination and morphological parameters of seedlings and to identify millet genotypes with balanced rhizo- and organogenesis under arid conditions. Since the soil drought weakens plant immunity during seed germination and provokes development of various diseases, especially smut (Sorosporium destruens (Schlecht) Yanki), it is necessary to identify plant genotypes with high resistance to virulent smut races. We studied resistance of 28 millet varieties to 13 smut races registered in Ukraine. The osmotic PEG 6000 (23 %) was used to simulate soil drought during the seed germination. After six days of incubation, seed germinability was assessed and the length of shoots and roots of seedlings was measured. The stress resistance of millet varieties was evaluated by the root length/shoot length ratio (R/S). Water deficit in the soil decreased seed germinability to 50.12 %. Morphological changes were more pronounced in shoots (decrease in length by 77.3 %) than in roots (decrease by 37.7 %). Under favorable weather conditions, the rhizo- and organogenesis in seedlings was even (R/S=0.75±0.02). In case of soil drought, the ratio R/S dropped to 2.19±0.03. Most of the varieties were resistant to smut races Rs 1, Rs 5–Rs 7, and Rs 9–Rs 11; in addition, around 10 % of the studied varieties was highly resistant (9–8 points) to smut races Rs 2, Rs 8, Rs 12, and Rs 13. Millet genotypes resistant to Rs 3 smut race were not found. Thus, the varieties with R/S ratio around one and higher should be considered the most valuable genetic material in selection for drought resistance. High R/S ratios were observed in the varieties Zapovitne (1.77), Zolushka (1.54), Olitan (1.4), Skado (1.79) and Danilo (1.79). The varieties Olitan and Danilo were highly resistant to the smut races Rs 1, Rs 4, Rs 7, Rs 9–Rs 11, while the varieties Novokyivske 0.1 (2.17) and Konstantynivske (2.22) to the smut races Rs 1, Rs 4–Rs 7, Rs 9–Rs 12. The variety Bila Altanka was not affected by the most virulent smut races Rs 2, Rs 8 and Rs 13. We recommend to include these millet genotypes in selection for drought and smut resistance

Вагусные приемы для купирования приступов тахикардии у детей: оценка клинико-электрофизиологических факторов эффективности пробы Вальсальвы

Background: Vagal techniques constitute the first line of medical care for terminating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in children and adults due to ease of application, relative safety and possibility of avoiding injection of antiarrhythmic drugs. Effectiveness of vagal techniques depends on the method of execution, as well as a range of clinical and electrophysiological factors, which require study and specification. Objective: Our aim was to study effectiveness of the modified Valsalva test for terminating paroxysmal tachycardia in children. Methods: Effectiveness of the Valsalva test for terminating paroxysmal tachycardia induced in the course of a transesophageal electrophysiological examination in children aged 7–18 years was studied retrospectively. Results: Data of 306 children (mean age — 13.1 ± 3.2 years) were analyzed; 130 of them (42.5%) suffered from paroxysmal AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (PAVNRT), 176 — from paroxysmal AV reentrant tachycardia involving an additional AV connection (PAVRT). Valsalva test was effective in 88 children (28.8%) — 44 children (33.8%) with PAVNRT and 44 children (25.1%) with PAVRT. In most cases, tachycardia was terminated by means of anterograde block: PAVRT — in 65.5% of the cases, PAVNRT — in 92.7% of the cases. Children with ineffective Valsalva test featured longer duration of the disorder (p = 0.035), higher rate of the initial sinus rhythm before a tachycardic paroxysm (p = 0.043) and higher rhythm rate during tachycardia (p = 0.019), as well as high level of AV node conduction (p = 0.038). Conclusion: Valsalva test terminates paroxysmal tachycardia in not more than 1/3 of children with paroxysmal AV reentrant tachycardia. Test effectiveness depends on duration of the disorder and electrophysiological characteristics of AV node conduction. Valsalva test is especially effective in the onset of tachycardic paroxysm and terminates it by means of anterograde AV node block in most cases. Вагусные приемы являются первой линией медицинской помощи при купировании приступов суправентрикулярной тахикардии у детей и взрослых, что связано с простотой их выполнения, относительной безопасностью и возможностью избежать введения антиаритмических препаратов. Эффективность вагусных приемов зависит от техники исполнения, а также ряда клинических и электрофизиологических факторов, которые нуждаются в изучении и уточнении. Цель исследования: изучить эффективность модифицированной пробы Вальсальвы для купирования приступов тахикардии у детей. Методы: в ретроспективном исследовании оценивали эффективность пробы Вальсальвы для купирования приступов тахикардии, индуцированных в ходе чреспищеводного электрофизиологического исследования у детей в возрасте от 7 до 18 лет. Результаты: изучены данные 306 детей (средний возраст 13,1 ± 3,2 года), из них 130 (42,5%) с пароксизмальной АВ-узловой реципрокной тахикардией (ПАВУРТ) и 176 (57,5%) с пароксизмальной АВ-реципрокной тахикардией с участием дополнительного АВ-соединения (ПАВРТ). Проба Вальсальвы была эффективна у 88 (28,8%) детей: у 44 (33,8%) с ПАВУРТ и 44 (25,1%) с ПАВРТ. В большинстве случаев тахикардия купировалась за счет антероградной блокады: ПАВРТ — в 65,5%, ПАВУРТ — в 92,7% случаев. Дети с неэффективной пробой Вальсальвы имели более длительный анамнез заболевания (р = 0,035), большую частоту исходного синусового ритма перед воспроизведением тахикардии (р = 0,043) и большую частоту ритма во время тахикардии (р = 0,019), а также более высокий уровень проведения через АВ-узел (р = 0,038). Заключение: проба Вальсальвы купирует приступ тахикардии не более чем у 1/3 детей с пароксизмальными АВ-реципрокными тахикардиями. Эффективность пробы зависит от длительности анамнеза заболевания и электрофизиологических характеристик АВ-узлового проведения. Проба Вальсальвы наиболее эффективна в начале приступа тахикардии и в большинстве случаев купирует его за счет антероградной блокады АВ-узла.

Modeling of complex of catalase «А» from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae with NADPH for its geometry prediction

NADPH weakly binds to Catalase «А» from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, so geometry of bound ligand is not known from X-ray crystallography. To resolve this issue com-plexes of catalase «А» from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with NADPH and it s frag-ments - inorganic momophosphates and 2 ,5 -ADP was modeled with molecular me-chanics methods. Binding site of NADPH 2 -phosphate in KATA was detected and models of 2’,5 -ADP as individual molecule and as fragment of NADPH in complexes with catalase «А» were proposed. These model data are in good agreement with known experimental results (electron density). Position of nicotinamid-ribosid is not determined.Каталаза «А» из Saccharomyces cerevisiae образует слабый комплекс с НАДФН2, поэтому его геометрия в ренгеноструктурных исследованиях не установлена. Цель настоящей работы - предсказание геометрии НАДФН2 и его фрагментов - неорганических монофосфатов и 2',5'-АДФ в связанном с ферментом состоянии методом молекулярно-механического моделирования. Результаты расчетов позволили надежно локализовать сайт связывания 2 -фосфата НАДФН2 в этой каталазе, а также предложить обоснованные модели 2',5'-АДФ в форме индивидуальной молекулы и в составе НАДФН2 в комплексе с каталазой «А», согласующиеся с известными экспериментальными данными по электронной плотности. Положение никотинамидной части НАДФН2 на основе анализа полученных моделей окончательно не установлено

New early Triassic Lingulidae (Brachiopoda) genera and species from South China

Two new genera, Sinolingularia gen. nov. and Sinoglottidia gen. nov., together with three new species, Sinolingularia huananensis gen. et sp. nov., Sinolingularia yini gen. et sp. nov. and Sinoglottidia archboldi gen. et sp. nov., are described on the basis of a large collection of well-preserved specimens from several sections straddling the Permian - Triassic boundary in South China. <br /

Unified (q;α,β,γ;ν)(q;\alpha,\beta,\gamma;\nu)-deformation of one-parametric q-deformed oscillator algebras

We define a generalized $(q;\alpha,\beta,\gamma;\nu)$-deformed oscillator algebra and study the number of its characteristics. We describe the structure function of deformation, analyze the classification of irreducible representations and discuss the asymptotic spectrum behaviour of the Hamiltonian. For a special choice of the deformation parameters we construct the deformed oscillator with discrete spectrum of its "quantized coordinate" operator. We establish its connection with the (generalized) discrete Hermite I polynomials