Effect of integrated nitrogen application on the yield of two Boro rice varieties: BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan74

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrated nitrogen (N) application on the yield of Boro rice. The experiment was composed of two rice varieties: BRRI dhan29 and BRRI dhan74, and eleven N management approaches: control (without N), 100% varietal recommended dose (RD) of N from urea, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from poultry manure (PM), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from PM, 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from PM, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from vermicompost (VC), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from VC, 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from VC, 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from cowdung (CD), 50% of RD from urea + 50% of RD from CD and 25% of RD from urea + 75% of RD from CD. Performance of BRRI dhan74 was better compared to BRRI dhan29 in terms of yield. For both verities, application of 75% of RD from urea + 25% of RD from PM produced the highest grain yield (BRRI dhan74: 3.30 t ha-1 and BRRI dhan29: 3.08 t ha-1) and the lowest with control among the N management approaches. Thus, it can be suggested that integrated N application with 75% of varietal RD from urea and 25% from PM in Boro rice cultivation will produce appreciable grain yield and also expected to have positive effect on soil health

CLIP and cohibin separate rDNA from nucleolar proteins destined for degradation by nucleophagy

Nutrient starvation or inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) in budding yeast induces nucleophagy, a selective autophagy process that preferentially degrades nucleolar components. DNA, including ribosomal DNA (rDNA), is not degraded by nucleophagy, even though rDNA is embedded in the nucleolus. Here, we show that TORC1 inactivation promotes relocalization of nucleolar proteins and rDNA to different sites. Nucleolar proteins move to sites proximal to the nuclear-vacuolar junction (NVJ), where micronucleophagy (or piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus) occurs, whereas rDNA dissociates from nucleolar proteins and moves to sites distal to NVJs. CLIP and cohibin, which tether rDNA to the inner nuclear membrane, were required for repositioning of nucleolar proteins and rDNA, as well as effective nucleophagic degradation of the nucleolar proteins. Furthermore, micronucleophagy itself was necessary for the repositioning of rDNA and nucleolar proteins. However, rDNA escaped from nucleophagic degradation in CLIP- or cohibin-deficient cells. This study reveals that rDNA-nucleolar protein separation is important for the nucleophagic degradation of nucleolar proteins

出芽酵母におけるオートファジー誘導の解析

博士(理学)doctoral創造科学技術大学院静岡大学甲第890号ET

Synergistic effects of chlorpyrifos with piperonyl butoxide (pbo) against the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Objective: To investigate the co-toxicity and co-efficient activity of Chlorpyrifos (Dursban 20EC), an organophosphate and Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) against the lesser meal worm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) (A. diaperinus). Methods: The repellent activity was carried out by the residual film assay technique. Statistically the dose mortality relationship was expressed as a median lethal dose (LD50) by the probit analysis. The regression lines and isoboles were drawn using the Fig-P (Biosoft) package. Results: The Co-efficient values showed that all ratios of chlorpyrifos and piperonyl butoxide offered synergistic action to both larvae and adult. We observed that the toxicity of the chlorpyrifos was decreased as the ratio (amount) of PBO was increased. The individual LD50 value of chlorpyrifos for adult is 0.1241 µg/cm2. But in the mixture, the share of chlorpyrifos are 0.0298, 0.0366, 0.0246 and 0.0108 µg/cm2 at ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:10 when PBO causes reduction of dose level of 75.84%, 70.53 %, 80.19% and 91.30% respectively. In case of larvae the individual LD50 value of chlorpyrifos is 0.2943 µg/cm2. But in the mixture, the share of chlorpyrifos are 0.05, 0.019, 0.015 and 0.010 µg/cm at ratios of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5;1:10 when PBO causes reduction of dose level of 80.01%, 93.54%, 94.90% and 96.60% respectively. Conclusions: The study suggests that the mortality rate of lesser meal worm is increase with the increase of insecticide dose. The LD50 values of the insecticides are inversely related to the toxicity of the insecticides i.e. higher the LD50 value lower the toxicity of the insecticide

Yvh1 protein phosphatase is required for pre-autophagosomal structure formation after TORC1 inactivation

<p>The pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) is a putative site for autophagosome formation in budding yeast. Upon nutrient depletion or rapamycin treatment, target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) becomes inactive, inducing PAS formation and autophagy. Here, we show that Yvh1 phosphatase is critical for PAS formation, but not autophagy induction, after TORC1 inactivation.</p