Azaleothrips laocai Okajima & Masumoto 2014

<p>Azaleothrips laocai Okajima & Masumoto, 2014</p> <p>Fig. 9</p> <p>Azaleothrips laocai Okajima & Masumoto, 2014: 325.</p> <p>Specimens studied.</p> <p> China - <b>Shaanxi</b> •1♀ (SNUT); Hanzhong; on dead leaves; 20.vii.2017; Lihong Dang leg. • 1♀ (SNUT); Yanan; 25.vii.2019; Weiyan Liu leg.</p> <p>Comments.</p> <p> <i>Azaleothrips laocai</i> was described from Vietnam on dead branches. It belongs to the <i>Azaleothrips amabilis</i> species group, which bears three and four sense cones on antennal segments III and IV, respectively. Currently, this species has the largest body size of any known <i>Azaleothrips</i> species, with two females from Shaanxi, China about 2270-2350 μm in body length, whereas the body lengths of other <i>Azaleothrips</i> spcies are usually no more than 2000 μm. These two females from Shaanxi show a little difference in antennae coloration; segment IV is brown, with the apex and base pale, as well as the base of V pale (Fig. 9), but in the original description of <i>A. laocai</i> the basal neck of IV is yellowish and V is uniformly brown.</p>Published as part of <i>Dang, Lihong, Li, Yaya, Mound, Laurence A. & Qiao, Gexia, 2023, The Oriental fungus-feeding genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 from China with one new species and four new records (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae), pp. 219-231 in ZooKeys 1183</i> on page 219, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1183.11318

Azaleothrips laevigatus Okajima 2006

<p>Azaleothrips laevigatus Okajima, 2006</p> <p>Figs 2, 3, 10, 16, 25, 29</p> <p>Azaleothrips laevigatus Okajima, 2006: 192.</p> <p>Specimen studied.</p> <p> China - <b>Guangxi</b> • 1♀1♂ (SNUT); Chongzuo; on dead wood; 9 & 25.vii.2021; Xia Wang leg.</p> <p>Comments.</p> <p> Described from Japan on dead <i>Casuarina</i> branches, this species is distinguished easily from other <i>Azaleothrips</i>, except for two Philippine species, <i>A. philippinensis</i> and <i>A. bifidius</i>, in having S2 on abdominal tergite IX of males pointed at its apex (Fig. 29). <i>Azaleothrips laevigatus</i> can be distinguished from these Philippine species by the weaker sculpture on the head and pronotum and transverse pore plate on male sternite VIII (Figs 2, 16, 29). This species is closely related to an Indonesian species, <i>A. dentatus</i>, in having weak sculpture on the body surface and shorter major setae, and in the head shape, but in <i>A. dentatus</i> the fore-tibia has an apical inner tubercle. Additionally, the head of <i>A. laevigatus</i> has weak sculpture, almost straight cheeks, postocular setae close together and slender, and long stylets that reach the eyes (Fig. 2), similar to species of <i>Ablemothrips</i>. However, <i>A. laevigatus</i> has a long mouth-cone which is sharply pointed and reaching the mesopresternum (Fig. 3), and the postocular setae are also close together in male, while <i>Ablemothrips</i> species have the mouth cone-short and rounded, and the postocular setae of males are sexually dimorphic and widely separated (Okajima 1999). A female and male from Guangxi, China are recognized as <i>A. laevigatus</i> because there is no differences in morphology and coloration, as compared to the original description (Okajima 2006).</p>Published as part of <i>Dang, Lihong, Li, Yaya, Mound, Laurence A. & Qiao, Gexia, 2023, The Oriental fungus-feeding genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 from China with one new species and four new records (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae), pp. 219-231 in ZooKeys 1183</i> on page 219, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1183.11318

Azaleothrips atayal Okajima & Masumoto 2014

<p>Azaleothrips atayal Okajima & Masumoto, 2014</p> <p>Azaleothrips atayal Okajima & Masumoto, 2014: 309.</p> <p>Comments.</p> <p> Described from Taiwan on dead leaves and branches, this species is a member of the <i>Azaleothrips amabilis</i> species group, as indicated by Okajima and Masumoto (2014). <i>Azaleothrips atayal</i> is closely related to another Taiwan species, <i>A. formosae</i>, which can be distinguished from <i>A. formosae</i> by its darker body; it has also been collected at lower altitudes, as mentioned by Okajima and Masumoto (2014). Unfortunately, no specimen was studied here, but the species is readily placed in the above key using the excellent illustrated description.</p>Published as part of <i>Dang, Lihong, Li, Yaya, Mound, Laurence A. & Qiao, Gexia, 2023, The Oriental fungus-feeding genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 from China with one new species and four new records (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae), pp. 219-231 in ZooKeys 1183</i> on page 219, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1183.11318

Azaleothrips formosae Okajima & Masumoto 2014

<p>Azaleothrips formosae Okajima & Masumoto, 2014</p> <p>Figs 1, 8, 15, 27</p> <p>Azaleothrips formosae Okajima & Masumoto, 2014: 320.</p> <p>Specimens studied.</p> <p> China - <b>Yunnan</b> • 1♀ (SNUT); Puer, Zhenyuan; on dead leaves; 8.vii.2022; Yanqiao Li leg. • 1♂ (SNUT); Lincang, Cangyuan; on dead leaves; 8.vi.2021; Xia Wang & Chengwen Li leg. • 1♂ (ANIC); Kunming; on bamboo grass; 24.ix.2019; Laurence Mound leg.</p> <p>Comments.</p> <p> This species was described on many specimens, including types and non-types, from Taiwan that were collected on dead branches. A female and two males from Yunnan are identified as <i>A. formosae</i> because they show no difference in their morphology. However, they differ in their coloration; the female has the prothorax largely yellow, like non-paratypic specimens from Kenting National Park (Taiwan), and one male has a brownish prothorax (Fig. 15), slightly paler than the head, and all femora yellowish brown with the apical quarter pale; the other male has a pale prothorax, like the paratypes. Moreover, the pore plate on abdominal sternite VIII is a little broader in the Yunnan specimens (Fig. 27), but S2 setae on tergite IX are pointed at the apex, as in the types.</p>Published as part of <i>Dang, Lihong, Li, Yaya, Mound, Laurence A. & Qiao, Gexia, 2023, The Oriental fungus-feeding genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 from China with one new species and four new records (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae), pp. 219-231 in ZooKeys 1183</i> on page 219, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1183.11318

The Oriental fungus-feeding genus Azaleothrips Ananthakrishnan, 1964 from China with one new species and four new records (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae)

Azaleothrips, a genus of fungus-feeding Phlaeothripinae , is easily recognized by the complex sculpture on the body surface. It is species-rich in the Oriental region, with 10 species here recognized from China, including A. sphaericus sp. nov. and four new records. An illustrated key to the species from China is provided

PIKE-A Modulates Mitochondrial Metabolism through Increasing SDHA Expression Mediated by STAT3/FTO Axis

Previous studies have shown that phosphoinositide 3-kinase enhancer-activating Akt (PIKE-A) is involved in the regulation of several biological processes in cancer. In our previous study, we demonstrated a crucial function of PIKE-A in cancer energy metabolism by regulating pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux. However, whether PIKE-A regulates energy metabolism through affecting mitochondrial changes are poorly understood. In the present study, we show that PIKE-A promotes mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to increasing proliferation of glioblastoma cell. Mechanistically, PIKE-A affects the expression of respiratory chain complex Ⅱ succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA), mediated by regulating the axis of STAT3/FTO. Taken together, these results revealed that inhibition of PIKE-A reduced STAT3/FTO/SDHA expression, leading to the suppression of mitochondrial function. Thus, our findings suggest the PIKE-A/STAT3/FTO/SDHA axis as promising anti-cancer treatment targets

Decreased SLC27A5 Suppresses Lipid Synthesis and Tyrosine Metabolism to Activate the Cell Cycle in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Tyrosine is an essential ketogenic and glycogenic amino acid for the human body, which means that tyrosine is not only involved in protein metabolism, but also participates in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates. The liver is an important place for metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. The metabolic process of biological macro-molecules is a basis for maintaining the physiological activities of organisms, but the cross-linking mechanism of these processes is still unclear. Here, we found that the tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes, which were specifically and highly expressed in the liver, were significantly down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and had a correlation with a poor prognosis of HCC patients. Further analysis found that the reduction of tyrosine metabolism would activate the cell cycle and promote cell proliferation. In addition, we also found that the solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5) regulates the expression of tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). Therefore, the SLC27A5 and tyrosine-metabolizing enzymes that we have identified coordinate lipid and tyrosine metabolism, regulate the cell cycle, and are potential targets for cancer treatment

Additional file 3 of Targeting FTO induces colorectal cancer ferroptotic cell death by decreasing SLC7A11/GPX4 expression

Supplementary Material

Additional file 1 of Targeting FTO induces colorectal cancer ferroptotic cell death by decreasing SLC7A11/GPX4 expression

Supplementary Material

Additional file 4 of Targeting FTO induces colorectal cancer ferroptotic cell death by decreasing SLC7A11/GPX4 expression

Supplementary Material