Water for Energy and Fuel Production

Water, in all its forms, may be the key to an environmentally friendly energy economy. Water is free, there is plenty of it, plus it carries what is generally believed to be the best long-term source of green energy—hydrogen. Water for Energy and Fuel Production explores the many roles of water in the energy and fuel industry. The text not only discusses water’s use as a direct source of energy and fuel—such as hydrogen from water dissociation, methane from water-based clathrate molecules, hydroelectric dams, and hydrokinetic energy from tidal waves, off-shore undercurrents, and inland waterways—but also: Describes water’s benign application in the production of oil, gas, coal, uranium, biomass, and other raw fuels, and as an energy carrier in the form of hot water and steam Examines water’s role as a reactant, reaction medium, and catalyst—as well as steam’s role as a reactant—for the conversion of raw fuels to synthetic fuels Explains how supercritical water can be used to convert fossil- and bio-based feedstock to synthetic fuels in the presence and absence of a catalyst Employing illustrative case studies and commercial examples, Water for Energy and Fuel Production demonstrates the versatility of water as a provider of energy and fuel, conveying the message that as energy demand and environmental concerns grow, so should our vigilance in pursuing the role of water in the energy landscape

Theory of frost formation,

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 1969.Vita.Bibliography: leaves 428-435.by Yatish T. Shah.Sc.D

Water for Energy and Fuel Production

Water, in all its forms, may be the key to an environmentally friendly energy economy. Water is free, there is plenty of it, plus it carries what is generally believed to be the best long-term source of green energy—hydrogen. Water for Energy and Fuel Production explores the many roles of water in the energy and fuel industry. The text not only discusses water’s use as a direct source of energy and fuel—such as hydrogen from water dissociation, methane from water-based clathrate molecules, hydroelectric dams, and hydrokinetic energy from tidal waves, off-shore undercurrents, and inland waterways—but also: Describes water’s benign application in the production of oil, gas, coal, uranium, biomass, and other raw fuels, and as an energy carrier in the form of hot water and steam Examines water’s role as a reactant, reaction medium, and catalyst—as well as steam’s role as a reactant—for the conversion of raw fuels to synthetic fuels Explains how supercritical water can be used to convert fossil- and bio-based feedstock to synthetic fuels in the presence and absence of a catalyst Employing illustrative case studies and commercial examples, Water for Energy and Fuel Production demonstrates the versatility of water as a provider of energy and fuel, conveying the message that as energy demand and environmental concerns grow, so should our vigilance in pursuing the role of water in the energy landscape

Kinetics of organic sulphur removal from coal by oxydesulphurization

This paper presents some experimental data for the kinetics of organic sulphur removal from Lower Freeport coal by oxidation in an aqueous medium. The experimental data were obtained in a semi-batch (gas flow, no flow of slurry) agitated reactor for the ranges of temperature 403-473 K, oxygen partial pressure 0.32-1.36 MPa, solids loading 3-26 wt%, average coal particle size 75-955 μm and time 0-5400 s. The experimental data were taken under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions. The results indicate that under acidic conditions, no organic sulphur was removed at moderate and low pressures and temperatures. Whenever significant organic sulphur was removed, the removal rate followed first-order kinetics with respect to the organic sulphur. Under otherwise identical conditions, the organic sulphur removal increased with the pH of the aqueous medium