Actitudes ante el aborto provocado de las estudiantes del cuarto grado de educación secundaria de la I. E. Santa Ana en el año 2018

La vida humana es el primer y fundamental valor de toda persona humana, que hoy en día necesita ser protegida, de manera especial en sus inicios y desarrollo. El presente trabajo de investigación de tipo positivista y de nivel descriptico simple, tuvo como objetivo determinar las actitudes, ante el aborto provocado, de las estudiantes del cuarto grado de la I.E. Educación Secundaria de la I.E. Santa Ana en el año 2018 para lo cual se aplicó como instrumento una encuesta, con escala de Likert compuesta de 18 ítems, a 187 estudiantes, en la que se tomó en cuenta actitudes antiaborto, de ambivalencia pragmática y ambivalencia moral ante el aborto provocado. Para el recojo de información se hizo uso de un instrumento, validado, tomado del trabajo de investigación de Cruz García Lirios, denominado “Actitudes hacia el aborto legal asistido”. Después de aplicar el instrumento se precedió a realizar el análisis de la información mediante proceso estadístico, a partir del cual se obtuvo información respecto a las actitudes ante el aborto provocado en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria, las mismas que fueron presentadas y discutidas e hicieron posible la realización de las conclusiones finales en relación al objetivo planteado, las mismas que indicaron que la mayoría de las estudiantes, manifiestan actitudes antiaborto (porque 68% consideran que el feto tiene vida humana desde el momento en que se concibe y 65% que nadie tiene derecho a decidir sobre la vida de otra persona), en las actitudes de ambivalencia pragmática ante el aborto (68% afirmaron que es un no a la vida, 63% que va contra los principios de la moralidad) y en cuanto a las actitudes de ambivalencia moral 68% manifestaron pagar por abortar es pagar por matar

Habilidades comunicativas através da arte digital

The objective of the systematic meta-review of the studies was to analyze the concepts of communication skills and digital art presented in scientific articles , published in EBSCO, SCOPUS ; SCIELO during the years 2015 and 2021 using the PRISMA method for data collection and making an approximate synthesis of the quality of the evidence found, taking into account various inclusion and exclusion criteria for the choice of reviewed articles; to then carry out a whole search procedure in the different databases, giving way to selecting articles from which they will serve to provide an answer to the previously formulated research questions; After reviewing the selected studies, it was concluded that communication skills have evolved over time in their concept and that digital art is presented as an innovative and practical experience not only for autonomous but also collaborative learning.El objetivo de la meta revisión sistemática de los estudios fue analizar los conceptos sobre  de las competencias comunicativas y el arte digital  que presentan los artículos  científicos , publicados en EBSCO, SCOPUS ; SCIELO durante los años 2015 y 2021  utilizando el método PRISMA  para la   recaudación de datos y realizar una síntesis aproximativa de la calidad de las evidencias encontradas, tomando en cuenta diversos criterios de inclusión y exclusión para la elección de artículos  revisados; para luego realizar todo un procedimiento de búsqueda en las diferentes bases de datos, dando paso  a seleccionar  artículos de los cuales servirán para dar una respuesta a las preguntas de investigación previamente formuladas; luego de revisar los estudios seleccionados, se llegó a concluir que las competencias comunicativas han evolucionado a través del tiempo en su concepto  y que el arte digital se presenta como una experiencia innovadora y práctica no solo  para el aprendizaje autónomo sino también colaborativo.O objetivo da meta-revisão sistemática dos estudos foi analisar os conceitos de habilidades de comunicação e arte digital apresentados em artigos científicos, publicados em EBSCO, SCOPUS; SCIELO durante os anos de 2015 e 2021 utilizando o método PRISMA para coleta de dados e fazendo uma síntese aproximada da qualidade das evidências encontradas, levando em consideração diversos critérios de inclusão e exclusão para a escolha dos artigos revisados; realizar então todo um procedimento de busca nas diferentes bases de dados, dando lugar à seleção de artigos a partir dos quais servirão para dar resposta às questões de pesquisa previamente formuladas; Após a revisão dos estudos selecionados, concluiu-se que as competências de comunicação evoluíram ao longo do tempo no seu conceito e que a arte digital apresenta-se como uma experiência inovadora e prática não só para a aprendizagem autónoma mas também colaborativa

Early progression to active tuberculosis is a highly heritable trait driven by 3q23 in Peruvians

Abstract: Of the 1.8 billion people worldwide infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 5–15% will develop active tuberculosis (TB). Approximately half will progress to active TB within the first 18 months after infection, presumably because they fail to mount an effective initial immune response. Here, in a genome-wide genetic study of early TB progression, we genotype 4002 active TB cases and their household contacts in Peru. We quantify genetic heritability (hg2) of early TB progression to be 21.2% (standard error 0.08). This suggests TB progression has a strong genetic basis, and is comparable to traits with well-established genetic bases. We identify a novel association between early TB progression and variants located in a putative enhancer region on chromosome 3q23 (rs73226617, OR = 1.18; P = 3.93 × 10−8). With in silico and in vitro analyses we identify rs73226617 or rs148722713 as the likely functional variant and ATP1B3 as a potential causal target gene with monocyte specific function

Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial

Background Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common type of chronic liver disease that can lead to cirrhosis. Obeticholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor agonist, has been shown to improve the histological features of NASH. Here we report results from a planned interim analysis of an ongoing, phase 3 study of obeticholic acid for NASH. Methods In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, adult patients with definite NASH,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score of at least 4, and fibrosis stages F2–F3, or F1 with at least oneaccompanying comorbidity, were randomly assigned using an interactive web response system in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive oral placebo, obeticholic acid 10 mg, or obeticholic acid 25 mg daily. Patients were excluded if cirrhosis, other chronic liver disease, elevated alcohol consumption, or confounding conditions were present. The primary endpointsfor the month-18 interim analysis were fibrosis improvement (≥1 stage) with no worsening of NASH, or NASH resolution with no worsening of fibrosis, with the study considered successful if either primary endpoint was met. Primary analyses were done by intention to treat, in patients with fibrosis stage F2–F3 who received at least one dose of treatment and reached, or would have reached, the month 18 visit by the prespecified interim analysis cutoff date. The study also evaluated other histological and biochemical markers of NASH and fibrosis, and safety. This study is ongoing, and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02548351, and EudraCT, 20150-025601-6. Findings Between Dec 9, 2015, and Oct 26, 2018, 1968 patients with stage F1–F3 fibrosis were enrolled and received at least one dose of study treatment; 931 patients with stage F2–F3 fibrosis were included in the primary analysis (311 in the placebo group, 312 in the obeticholic acid 10 mg group, and 308 in the obeticholic acid 25 mg group). The fibrosis improvement endpoint was achieved by 37 (12%) patients in the placebo group, 55 (18%) in the obeticholic acid 10 mg group (p=0·045), and 71 (23%) in the obeticholic acid 25 mg group (p=0·0002). The NASH resolution endpoint was not met (25 [8%] patients in the placebo group, 35 [11%] in the obeticholic acid 10 mg group [p=0·18], and 36 [12%] in the obeticholic acid 25 mg group [p=0·13]). In the safety population (1968 patients with fibrosis stages F1–F3), the most common adverse event was pruritus (123 [19%] in the placebo group, 183 [28%] in the obeticholic acid 10 mg group, and 336 [51%] in the obeticholic acid 25 mg group); incidence was generally mild to moderate in severity. The overall safety profile was similar to that in previous studies, and incidence of serious adverse events was similar across treatment groups (75 [11%] patients in the placebo group, 72 [11%] in the obeticholic acid 10 mg group, and 93 [14%] in the obeticholic acid 25 mg group). Interpretation Obeticholic acid 25 mg significantly improved fibrosis and key components of NASH disease activity among patients with NASH. The results from this planned interim analysis show clinically significant histological improvement that is reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit. This study is ongoing to assess clinical outcomes

Prevalencia de giardiasis en caninos (Canis familiaris) en el distrito de San Vicente Cañete - 2019

La Giardiasis es una enfermedad parasitaria intestinal de mucha importancia que afecta tanto a las mascotas como al hombre siendo de interés zoonótico. El objetivo fue hallar la Prevalencia de Giardiasis en caninos en el distrito de San Vicente de Cañete, según sexo, edad, tipo de alimento. La metodología utilizada para obtener los datos fue el examen de las heces mediante la técnica de Flotación de Faust. En la cual se muestrearon 88 caninos al azar 55 machos y 33 hembras obteniéndose el siguiente resultado 6 positivos de un total de 88 muestras examinadas; distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 44 cachorros (4 positivos); 15 jóvenes (2 positivos), en adultos no se encontraron muestras positivas, y en mayores tampoco se encontraron muestras positivas. Llegando a la siguiente conclusión la prevalencia de giardiasis canina es de 68/1000, I.C.+/- 0.053%; según sexo: en hembras 91/1000, I.C. ± 0.060%, en machos 55/1000, I.C. ± 0.047%; según edad en cachorros 4/1000, I.C. ± 0.060 y jóvenes 2/1000, I.C 0.053%; según tipo de alimento: dieta casera 153/1000, I.C. ± 0.074%; según características de heces: pastosas diarreicas 400/1000, I.C. ± 0.102%, pastosas 62/1000, I.C. ± 0.050%

Efficacy of a two-dose hepatitis B vaccination with a novel immunostimulatory sequence adjuvant (Heplisav-B) on patients with chronic liver disease: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) are more likely to have severe morbidity and mortality due to superimposed acute or chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and should receive routine vaccination against the virus. Heplisav-B is a two-dose, inactivated, yeast-derived vaccine that uses a novel immunostimulatory adjuvant. Our primary objective was to determine the efficacy of hepatitis B vaccination with Heplisav-B in patients with CLD. METHODS: This retrospective cohort analysis included patients ≥18 years old with CLD who received Heplisav-B from January 2018 to January 2021. All patients had anti-HBs <10 IU/L prior to vaccination and received two doses of Heplisav-B. Post-vaccination anti-HBs of ≥10 IU/L was considered successful vaccination. Basic demographic information, laboratory markers, and medical history were collected from the electronic health record. RESULTS: A total of 120 patients were included in analysis. The average age of patients was 59 years, 37% were female, and the most common etiology of liver disease was nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Median days from 2nd vaccination to post-vaccination HBsAb levels was 121 days. 81/120 (67.5%) of patients had evidence of active immunity after receipt of Heplisav-B. On multivariable analysis, age >50 was associated with reduced odds of successful vaccination (OR =0.19, 95% CI: 0.03-0.76). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with CLD, Heplisav-Bs overall efficacy (67.5%) is greater than reports of Engerix-B (33-45%), and thus is an effective hepatitis B vaccine in this patient population, particularly in cirrhotic patients. Further studies regarding this vaccine are needed in patients with CLD and after liver transplantation

Predictors and impacts of hospital readmissions following liver transplantation

While liver transplantation is the definitive therapy for end stage liver disease, it remains a major procedure, with many potential complications. Hospital readmissions after the initial hospitalization for liver transplantation can be associated with adverse outcomes, increased cost, and resource utilization. Our aim was to define the incidence and reasons for hospital readmission after liver transplant and the impact of readmissions on patient outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed 30- and 90-day readmission rates and indications in patients who underwent liver transplant at a large-volume transplant center over a 3-year period. Four hundred seventy-nine adult patients underwent their first liver transplant during the study period. The 30-day readmission rate was 29.6%. Recipient and donor age, etiology of liver disease, biological Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, and cold ischemia time were similar between patients who were readmitted within 30 days and those who were not readmitted. Readmissions occurred in 25% of patients who were hospitalized prior to liver transplant compared to 30% who were admitted for liver transplant. The most common indications for readmission were infection, severe abdominal pain, and biliary complications. Early discharge from hospital (fewer than 7 days after liver transplant), was not associated with readmission; however, a prolonged hospital stay after liver transplant was associated with an increased risk of readmission (p = 0.04). In conclusion, patients who undergo liver transplant have a high rate of readmission. In our cohort, readmissions were unrelated to pre-existing recipient or donor factors, but were associated with a longer hospital stay after liver transplant