On the Correspondence between Poincar\'e Symmetry of Commutative QFT and Twisted Poincar\'e Symmetry of Noncommutative QFT

The space-time symmetry of noncommutative quantum field theories with a deformed quantization is described by the twisted Poincar\'e algebra, while that of standard commutative quantum field theories is described by the Poincar\'e algebra. Based on the equivalence of the deformed theory with a commutative field theory, the correspondence between the twisted Poincar\'e symmetry of the deformed theory and the Poincar\'e symmetry of a commutative theory is established. As a by-product, we obtain the conserved charge associated with the twisted Poincar\'e transformation to make the twisted Poincar\'e symmetry evident in the deformed theory. Our result implies that the equivalence between the commutative theory and the deformed theory holds in a deeper level, i.e., it holds not only in correlation functions but also in (different types of) symmetries.Comment: 13 pages, minor corrections, version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Duality Symmetry and Plane Waves in Non-Commutative Electrodynamics

We generalise the electric-magnetic duality in standard Maxwell theory to its non-commutative version. Both space-space and space-time non-commutativity are necessary. The duality symmetry is then extended to a general class of non-commutative gauge theories that goes beyond non-commutative electrodynamics. As an application of this symmetry, plane wave solutions are analysed. Dispersion relations following from these solutions show that general non-commutative gauge theories other than electrodynamics admits two waves with distinct polarisations propagating at different velocities in the same direction.Comment: 13 pages, PlainTeX. A reference and an equation (Ref.[11] and eq.(4.16)) are added, the text is amended, and some contents are deleted. Errors in some equations ((4.13), (4.14), (4.15) and (4.19)) are correcte

Treatment algorithm of ACTH deficiency

Objective : To examine diagnostic performance of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test combined with baseline dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in patients with a suspect of central adrenal insufficiency. Methods : Patients (n=215) requiring daily or intermittent hydrocortisone replacement, or no replacement were retrospectively checked with their peak cortisol after CRH test and baseline DHEA-S. Results : None of 106 patients with the peak cortisol ≥ 17.5 μg / dL after CRH test required replacement, and all 64 patients with the peak cortisol < 10.0 μg / dL required daily replacement. Among 8 patients with 10.0 μg / dL ≤ the peak cortisol < 17.5 μg / dL and baseline DHEA-S below the reference range, 6 patients required daily replacement and 1 patient was under intermittent replacement. Among 37 patients with 10.0 μg / dL ≤ the peak cortisol < 17.5 μg / dL and baseline DHEA-S within the reference range, 10 and 6 patients were under intermittent and daily replacement, respectively. Conclusions : No patients with the peak cortisol ≥ 17.5 μg / dL required hydrocortisone replacement, and all patients with the peak cortisol below 10.0 μg / dL required daily replacement. Careful clinical evaluation was required to determine requirement for replacement in patients with 10.0 μg / dL ≤ the peak cortisol < 17.5 μg / dL even in combination with baseline DHEA-S