Strategy for the implementation of the code of conduct for responsible fisheries

This paper presents the strategy for the implementation of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). CCRF was adopted by the Twenty-eighth Session of the FAO Conference in October 1995. It is of a voluntary nature that covers all fisheries including aquaculture and related activities. It seeks to ensure that aquatic resources are exploited and utilised responsibly and in accordance with long-term principles of sustainability

Review of SEAFDEC collaborative resource surveys in the South China Sea

SEAFDEC's Interdepartmental Collaborative Research Program on Fishery Resources Survey in the South China Sea was initiated in 1995 after the acquisition of MV SAEFDEC from Japan. The area covered in the survey were the Gulf of Thailand and east coast of Peninsular Malaysia (Area 1), water of Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei Darussalam (Area II), west coast of Luzon Island in the Philippines (Area III), and waters of Vietnam (Area IV). Besides resources assessment using the acoustic survey, the researchers had also undertaken studies in oceanography and marine biology. The paper highlights the achievements and problems encountered from these survey

Future Regional Fisheries Resource Survey Program of SEAFDEC

The paper informed the Workshop that a previous meeting held in MFRDMD to discuss the Collaborative Research Programme had decided that, among others, the collaborative survey in Vietnam would be the last of its kind in the South China Sea. Future collaborative surveys should be reviewed and properly planned and organized to meet the specific needs of fisheries and their development, with more committed participation by researchers from the Departments of SEAFDEC. The acoustic component for future survey should also be reviewed to include species identification and its outcome beneficial for the management and development of fisheries. Also, future projects proposals should take into consideration the transboundary fish stocks, including oceanic squids, and may need to prepare for the scrutiny of the Program Committee

Simultaneous Determination of Raltegravir, Dolutegravir, Elvitegravir, and Bictegravir in Human Plasma Using High-performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

In this study, a highly sensitive method to simultaneously quantify the integrase strand transfer inhibitors （INSTIs） raltegravir, dolutegravir, elvitegravir, and bictegravir, which are recommended drugs in the HIV treatment guidelines, was established using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）. Raltegravir-d3 was used as the internal standard substance. The plasma samples were deproteinized with methanol and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Chromatographic separation was performed using the gradient method with a mobile phase A （20mmol/l ammonium formate - water） and mobile phase B （20mmol/l ammonium formate - methanol）. In addition, an InertSustain C18 column （3µm, 100×2.1mm）, a flow rate of 0.45ml/min, and a measurement time of 10 minutes were used. The calibration curve showed linearity （r2＞0.9904） within the range of 0.5-1,250ng/ml, and the limit of quantification was 0.5ng/ml for all drugs. The mean intra- and inter-day accuracy was 99.6％±7.2％ and 101.0％±5.0％, respectively, and the coefficient of variation （CV） was ≤18.5％ and ≤10.3％, respectively. This method enables the highly sensitive simultaneous analysis of INSTIs and is useful for confirming the efficacy and safety of drugs in clinical practice

LLM-Based Human-Robot Collaboration Framework for Manipulation Tasks

This paper presents a novel approach to enhance autonomous robotic manipulation using the Large Language Model (LLM) for logical inference, converting high-level language commands into sequences of executable motion functions. The proposed system combines the advantage of LLM with YOLO-based environmental perception to enable robots to autonomously make reasonable decisions and task planning based on the given commands. Additionally, to address the potential inaccuracies or illogical actions arising from LLM, a combination of teleoperation and Dynamic Movement Primitives (DMP) is employed for action correction. This integration aims to improve the practicality and generalizability of the LLM-based human-robot collaboration system.Comment: IEEE MHS 202

High concentration of oxaliplatin may be a risk factor for vascular pain.

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The Effect of Pentazocine on Nausea and Vomiting Following Catheter Ablation

Pentazocine is an intravenously administered preoperative analgesic, but patients occasionally experience nausea and vomiting as an adverse reaction to this drug. As nausea and vomiting may interfere with the patient’s postoperative rest, prevention of the reaction is necessary. This study aimed to survey postoperative nausea and vomiting（PONV）caused by pentazocine administered for catheter ablation. Patients receiving catheter ablation often experience pain during venipuncture and radiofrequency application, thus they are frequently placed under mild to deep sedation. Patients who underwent catheter ablation between February and July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The preoperative analgesic dose and PONV were assessed. In total, 256 subjects（177 males, mean age: 65.3±12.9 years）were analyzed of which 185（72.3％）underwent atrial fibrillation ablation. Of these, 134 subjects（52.3％）were administered 15mg pentazocine and 122 subjects（47.7％）were administered 30mg pentazocine, preoperatively. Patients who required additional sedative administration, as determined by the physician, during the procedure received either dexmedetomidine（205 subjects; 80.1％）or thiopental（218 subjects; 85.2％）. Investigation of postoperative nausea revealed that 8 subjects in the 15mg group（6.0％）and 21 subjects in the 30mg group（17.2％）experienced nausea, a significantly higher percentage in the 30mg group（p＝0.005）. Analysis of postoperative vomiting shows that 6 subjects in the 15mg group（4.5％）and 14 subjects in the 30mg group（11.5％）experienced postoperative vomiting, indicating a higher percentage in the 30mg group（p＝0.04）. Furthermore, the data indicate that being female is also an independent indicator of PONV. The results of this study suggest a relationship between pentazocine dose and PONV and that the incidence of PONV is directly related to an increased pentazocine dose

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Linezolid and Quinupristin-Dalfopristin in the Treatment of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Infections: A Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is one of the most important causative organisms of nosocomial infections. Once VRE outbreaks occur in hospitals, enormous efforts must be made to control them, especially in wards housing neutropenic or transplant patients. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the efficacy and adverse event profile of linezolid versus that of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin for the treatment of VRE infections.Methodology: Literature searches of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were performed on April 5, 2017 using combined text words with the following MeSH/EMTREE terms: “linezolid” and “Quinupristin-Dalfopristin” and “Enterococcus” and “human.” The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for individual studies were calculated and pooled separately. The pooled estimates were combined using the inverse variance weighting scheme and random effect method.Results: A systematic search identified 674 articles, and five involving 333 patients were included in the final analysis. One study was a prospective randomized controlled trial, and four were retrospective studies. The mortality rate in the groups of patients treated with linezolid was significantly lower than that in patients treated with Quinupristin-Dalfopristin (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.97; heterogeneity P=0.13, Z=2.05, P=0.04; I2=44%; Begg’s test: P=0.33; Egger’s test: P=0.78). The clinical and microbiological responses indicated no significant differences between the linezolid and Quinupristin-Dalfopristin groups (58% and 43%, respectively, P=0.6; OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.04; heterogeneity P=0.32; Z=1.15, P=0.25; I2=0%). The adverse event proiles differed between the Linezolid and quinupristin-dalfopristin groups.Conclusion: Our results suggest a significantly lower mortality rate in patients treated with linezolid than in those treated with Quinupristin-Dalfopristin for VRE infections; however, this was limited by a variety of factors (mostly retrospective)

Evaluation of corneal damage caused by the anticancer drug S-1 in human corneal epithelial cells

The combination drug S-1, which contains tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil potassium, is a fluoropyrimidine-based oral antineoplastic agent in which the principal drug tegafur is a prodrug of fluorouracil （5-FU）. In recent years, many studies have reported eye problems, especially corneal damage, as an adverse effect of S-1 treatment. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic effects of each of the constituents of S-1 on corneal epithelial cells by measuring viable cell counts and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） release. Experimental chemosensitivity study for 5-FU and the constituents of S-1 （i.e., tegafur, gimeracil, and oteracil） using a human cell line. We used immortalized human corneal epithelial （HCE-T） cells to estimate viable cell counts （expressed as a percentage of the control cells） and the activity of LDH in a culture medium （expressed as a percentage of the total LDH activity）. Decreases in viable cell counts were noted with 5-FU and tegafur, but a significant elevation in LDH activity was noted only with tegafur. The incidence of damage in cells exposed to tegafur significantly decreased on adding tranylcypromine, an inhibitor of CYP2A6 that metabolizes tegafur to 5-FU. In addition, 5-FU did not elevate LDH activity, which is an indicator of cell membrane disruption, and concentration-dependence was not observed when cells were treated with 5-FU doses of up to 1,000ng/ml. These findings suggest that the disruption of the metabolic activity of the corneal epithelium by 5-FU is involved in the corneal injury mechanism of S-1

Prediction of postoperative liver failure and evaluation of modifi ed criteria for liver resection with computed volume analysis

Background/Aims: The exact resectable volume corresponding to liver function has never been elucidated for safe resection of a diseased liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether modifi ed criteria for safe liver resection could be used to predict postoperative liver failure/dysfunction.Methodology: Consecutive 86 patients who underwent liver resections were assessed. Clinical laboratory tests and liver volume were evaluated. The modifi ed criteria used to determine safe liver resection consisted of indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICGR15), antithrombin III (ATIII), clearance index (HH15), and receptor index (LHL15). We compared clinical outcomes after liver resection using our modifi ed criteria and Makuuchi criteria. Results: There were 78 patients without liver failure and 8 with liver failure/dysfunction. ICGR15 (P < 0.001), ATIII (P = 0.036), operative time (P = 0.014), tumor type (P = 0.047), modifi ed criteria score (P = 0.037), lost liver volume (P = 0.006), and modifi ed criteria (P= 0.007) were signifi cantly different between the groups. Diagnostic probability of modifi ed criteria (P = 0.007) was better than the one of Makuuchi criteria (P = 0.271).Conclusions: Postoperative liver failure/dysfunction could be predicted using the modifi ed criteria. Furthermore, the criteria could be used to provide a putative liver volume for safe removal.departmental bulletin pape