Adaptive nonlinear parameter estimation for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

© 2022 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting /republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other worksParameter estimation is vital for modeling and control of fuel cell systems. However, the nonlinear parameterization is an intrinsic characteristic in the fuel cell models such that classical parameter estimation schemes developed for linearly parameterized systems cannot be applied. In this paper, an alternative framework of adaptive parameter estimation is designed to address the real-time parameter estimation for fuel cell systems. The parameter estimation can be divided into two cascaded components. First, the dynamics with the unknown parameters are estimated by a new unknown system dynamics estimator (USDE). Inspired by an invariant manifold, this USDE is designed by applying simple filter operations such that the information of the state derivative is not required. Secondly, an adaptive law driven by the function approximation error is proposed for recovering unknown model parameters. Exponential convergence of the estimated parameters to the true values can be proved under the monotonicity condition. Finally, experimental results on a practical proton exchange membrane fuel cell system are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

BDES1020 <Yashan Chen>

My building is an orphanage designed for kids aged from 0-6 years old. At this stage, the kids explore the world by feeling it. So my main concept is to let the interior of the orphanage flow to the nature and design the building as a piece of toy itself. I achieve the main concept in 3 major ways.Firstly, I introduced a roof garden. Then convex and concave walls were introduced to maximize the interest of walking through the corridor.Lastly, different small scale spaces were designed to provide the kids sense of control and privacy. As project developed, the playroom was devided into active area and quiet area. The difference in height, texture and opening help establish each zones identity

Research on the Application of CGAN in the Design of Historic Building Facades in Urban Renewal—Taking Fujian Putian Historic Districts as an Example

In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has widely influenced the design field, introducing new ideas to efficiently and systematically solve urban renewal design problems. The purpose of this study is to create a stylized generation technology for building facade decoration in historic districts, which will aid in the design and control of district style and form. The goal is to use the technical advantages of the conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) in image generation and style transfer to create a method for independently designing a specific facade decoration style by interpreting image data of historical district facades. The research in this paper is based on the historical district of Putian in Fujian Province and facilitates an experiment of image data acquisition, image processing and screening, model training, image generation, and style matching of the target area. The research found the following: (1) CGAN technology can better identify and generate the decorative style of historical districts. It can realize the overall or partial scheme design of the facade. (2) In terms of adaptability, this method can provide a better scheme reference for historical district reconstruction, facade renovation, and renovation design projects. Especially for districts with obvious decorative styles, the visualization effect is better. In addition, it also has certain reference significance for the determination and design of the facade decoration style of a specific historical building. (3) Lastly, this method can better learn the internal laws of the complex district style and form to generate a new design with a clear decoration style attribute. It can be extended to other fields of historical heritage protection to enhance practitioners’ stylized control of the heritage environment and improve the efficiency and capability of professional design

Establishment and characterization of a HER2-enriched canine mammary cancerous myoepithelial cell line

Abstract Background Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) have a poor prognosis, along with tumor recurrence and metastasis. Cell lines are vital in vitro models for CMT research. Many CMT epithelial cell lines were reported. However, canine mammary myoepithelial cells, the contractile component of the canine mammary tissue were overlooked. This study aimed at establishing such a cell line. CMT-1 cell line was obtained from a canine mammary tumor CMT-1 and characterized molecularly through qPCR, western blotting, immunochemistry and immunofluorescence. Its doubling time, cytogenetic analysis and migration rate were evaluated using growth study, karyotype analysis and wound healing assay respectively. To determine its tumorigenesis, xenograft transplantation was performed. Results CMT-1 tumor was a complex canine mammary carcinoma that stained negative to estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), but positive to human epidermal growth receptor-2 (HER2), defined as HER2-enriched subtype. In this study, a CMT-1 cell line obtained from CMT-1 tumor was immune-positive to vimentin, α-SMA, p63 and negative to E-cadherin (E-cad), indicating CMT-1 cells were myoepithelial cells. It was successfully cultured for more than 50 passages showing the same immunoreactivity to ER, PR, and HER2 as the primary canine tumor. The doubling time of CMT-1 cell line was 26.67 h. The chromosome number of CMT-1 cells ranged from 31 to 64. A potential spontaneous epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) was noticed during cell cultures. Potential EMT-induced CMT-1 cells showed no significance in migration rate compared to the original CMT-1 cells. CMT-1 cells was able to grow on a 3D culture and formed grape-like, solid, and cystic mammospheres at different time period. Inoculation of CMT-1 cells induced a complex HER2-enriched mammary tumor with metastasis in mice. Conclusions A canine cancerous HER2-enriched myoepithelial cell line was successfully established and a canine mammosphere developed from myoepithelial cells was documented in this study. We are expecting this novel cell line and its associated mammospheres could be used as a model to elucidate the role of myoepithelial cells in CMT carcinogensis in the future

Optimal scheduling for electricity–gas integrated energy system under the carbon-neutrality goal

In light of China’s carbon-neutral policy and the Energy Internet, it is crucial to reduce the carbon emissions resulting from the operation of the electricity–gas integrated energy system (EGIES). To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling strategy for EGIES in line with the carbon-neutrality goal. Firstly, the oxygen-enriched combustion power plant, equipped with a power to gas unit, is modeled to maximize its carbon capture ability. Next, an optimal scheduling model for EGIES is proposed, which considers the bonus-penalty ladder carbon price and the oxygen-enriched combustion power plant, with the aim of minimizing the total operation costs and carbon emissions of the EGIES. Finally, the proposed model is applied to an EGIES, consisting of a 33-bus electric distribution network and a 20-bus natural gas network. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce the operation costs of the EGIES by up to 22.5% and the carbon emissions by up to 75.1t when compared to existing models