Nonlinear optical characteristics of N,N’-bis(salicylidene)-p-phenylenediamine: Z-scan technique and quantum mechanical calculations

ABSTRACT. In this work, we have characterized the linear and nonlinear optical properties of N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-p-phenylenediamine (BSP) in both macroscopic and microscopic modes by using Z-scan technique and quantum chemical calculations. The microscopic nonlinear optical properties of BSP were investigated by density functional theory with the basis set of 6-311G++dp. Electronic properties such as frontier molecular energies, band-gap energy, electron affinity, hardness, softness, and ionization potential were evaluated. The calculation of microscopic quantities included first-order hyperpolarizability and natural bond orbitals showed the electron delocalization, which confirmed the nonlinear optical properties in this compound. The results of the absorption spectrum of BSP in DMSO, DMF, CH3Cl solvents were shown that the dissolved sample in DMSO had better nonlinear properties than others. Then the macroscopic nonlinear properties of the sample were determined by the Z-scan technique. The values of the nonlinear refractive index (n2), nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), and third-order nonsusceptibility of the sample in DMSO were, 0.09250×10-10 cm2/W, -0.174×10–6 cm/W and 4.101× 10-5 esu, respectively. The two-photon absorption in this molecule has been enhanced by the donor–bridge–donor (D–π–D) architecture. The theoretical and experimental results concluded that BSP seems to be promising candidates for future photonic and optoelectronic devices.                 KEY WORDS: Azo dye, Nonlinear optic, Hyperpolarizability, One photon absorption, Two photon absorption, Schiff bases   Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(2), 465-477.                                                               DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i2.18                                                       &nbsp

Compatibility and Marital Satisfaction in Disabled Couples Compared to Healthy Ones

Objectives: The aim of current study was the evaluation and comparison of compatibility and marital satisfaction between handicapped couples and healthy ones. Methods: In this study, 50 handicapped couples and 50 healthy couples were examined with Enrich's marital satisfaction questionnaire and Bell's adjustment questionnaire. The data were analyzed, using SPSS 15, correlation tests and ANOVA. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between handicapped and healthy couples in compatibility and marital satisfaction. Discussion: It is concluded that people who were handicapped before their marriage and those who decided to marry them were suitably aware of the issue, therefore accepting a handicapped person was not so hard. What is important in marital compatibility is accepting a partner

Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Near Detector Conceptual Design Report

International audienceThe Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is an international, world-class experiment aimed at exploring fundamental questions about the universe that are at the forefront of astrophysics and particle physics research. DUNE will study questions pertaining to the preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe, the dynamics of supernovae, the subtleties of neutrino interaction physics, and a number of beyond the Standard Model topics accessible in a powerful neutrino beam. A critical component of the DUNE physics program involves the study of changes in a powerful beam of neutrinos, i.e., neutrino oscillations, as the neutrinos propagate a long distance. The experiment consists of a near detector, sited close to the source of the beam, and a far detector, sited along the beam at a large distance. This document, the DUNE Near Detector Conceptual Design Report (CDR), describes the design of the DUNE near detector and the science program that drives the design and technology choices. The goals and requirements underlying the design, along with projected performance are given. It serves as a starting point for a more detailed design that will be described in future documents

DUNE Offline Computing Conceptual Design Report

This document describes Offline Software and Computing for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) experiment, in particular, the conceptual design of the offline computing needed to accomplish its physics goals. Our emphasis in this document is the development of the computing infrastructure needed to acquire, catalog, reconstruct, simulate and analyze the data from the DUNE experiment and its prototypes. In this effort, we concentrate on developing the tools and systems thatfacilitate the development and deployment of advanced algorithms. Rather than prescribing particular algorithms, our goal is to provide resources that are flexible and accessible enough to support creative software solutions as HEP computing evolves and to provide computing that achieves the physics goals of the DUNE experiment

Reconstruction of interactions in the ProtoDUNE-SP detector with Pandora

International audienceThe Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries provide pattern-recognition logic essential to the reconstruction of particle interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector. ProtoDUNE-SP, located at CERN, is exposed to a charged-particle test beam. This paper gives an overview of the Pandora reconstruction algorithms and how they have been tailored for use at ProtoDUNE-SP. In complex events with numerous cosmic-ray and beam background particles, the simulated reconstruction and identification efficiency for triggered test-beam particles is above 80% for the majority of particle type and beam momentum combinations. Specifically, simulated 1 GeV/$c$ charged pions and protons are correctly reconstructed and identified with efficiencies of 86.1$\pm0.6$% and 84.1$\pm0.6$%, respectively. The efficiencies measured for test-beam data are shown to be within 5% of those predicted by the simulation