Research of Wheat Drying in a Microwave and Combined Filter-microwave Dryer

The aim of the conducted study is to determine kinetics of the complex effect of microwave energy supply and filter drying of the process of water release from the wheat layer. There is offered a combination of MW and filter drying. A special feature of this combination must be its more effectiveness and high speed of water elimination from surface layers of wet seeds and, as a result, the productivity increase of the drying way, decrease of specific energy consumption.There was determined the influence of the specific load of the material, radiator power on processes of microwave and filter-microwave drying of wheat seeds. There were compared microwave, filter-microwave and convective drying of seeds by parameters of specific energy consumption, drying speed.The specific energy consumption at microwave drying of seeds was 4 MJ/kg, at filter-microwave drying 3.8 MJ/kg that is lower than existent convective dryers. The speed of microwave drying changes from 0,5 to 3 %/min, filter-microwave – from 0.3 to 0.7 %/min. The speed is at the level of standard convective dryers.The conducted studies allow to recommend a new combined way of FMW drying of seeds with low energy consumption.Revealed features of heating and drying are possible to be used at developing industrial dryers.The base of experimental data is possible to be used for optimizing and determining effective conditions of MW and FMW drying

Studying the Operation of Innovative Equipment for Thermomechanical Treatment and Dehydration of Food Raw Materials

The paper reports results of investigating innovative equipment for the integrated processing of food raw materials, which would make it possible to implement the local energy influence directly on the particles of a dispersed material, the near-boundary layer, the moisture retained in the product's solution or capillaries.The analysis of food raw materials processing techniques has been performed, their benefits and shortcomings have been identified. It was found that product quality, energy consumption and cost are mainly determined at the stages of thermal processing, drying.We have examined innovative equipment based on rotary thermosiphons for evaporating food non-Newtonian liquids. An experimental bench has been designed, and the procedure for studying the hydrodynamics of condensate motion in condensers of rotary thermosyphons of various structures has been devised. The experimental bench represents a model of the device with a rotary thermosiphon made of glass. The result of our study is the established rotational frequency, at which a condensate is locked by the centrifugal force for a branched condenser. Results from visualization of vapor-condensate movement have been presented.The innovative equipment for the evaporation of food non-Newtonian liquids under SHF radiation conditions has been investigated. Experiments involved food products and model systems. We have determined the degree of an increase in the concentration of non-aquatic components. Evaporation rate under conditions of SHF radiation is almost constant.The innovative equipment for drying fruit- and vegetable-based slices under conditions of IR radiation has been examined. An experimental bench has been designed and the research procedure has been devised. We have proposed the structure of an equation for calculating the mass transfer coefficient. The database of experimental findings has been generalized in the equation by similarity numbers. The equation makes it possible to calculate a mass transfer coefficient with error within ±15 %. The influence of IR radiation power on the kinetics of the process of drying fruit and vegetable slices has been determined. We have compared experimental data on slice drying under conditions of SHF and IR radiatio