313 research outputs found
Mean-Field Approach to Charge, Orbital, and Spin Ordering in Manganites
We present a mean-field theory of charge, orbital, and spin ordering in
manganites at 50% and 0% dopings by considering Jahn-Teller interaction,
nearest-neighbor repulsion, and no single-site double occupancy. For spinless
fermions, we show that Jahn-Teller distortion and charge-orbital ordering occur
simultaneously. In our two-dimensional model at 50% doping, for small
nearest-neighbor repulsion the system is orbitally polarized while for larger
repulsion the system undergoes CE type ordering. As for the 0% doping case, the
ground state is orbitally antiferromagnetic. Upon including spin degree of
freedom, at both 50% and 0% dopings the ordering remains the same at small
antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent core spins.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Screened Interaction and Self-Energy in an Infinitesimally Polarized Electron Gas via the Kukkonen-Overhauser Method
The screened electron-electron interaction and the
electron self-energy in an infinitesimally polarized electron gas are derived
by extending the approach of Kukkonen and Overhauser. Various quantities in the
expression for are identified in terms of the relevant
response functions of the electron gas. The self-energy is obtained from
by making use of the GW method which in this case
represents a consistent approximation. Contact with previous calculations is
made.Comment: 7 page
Stronger inflammatory/cytotoxic T cell response in women identified by microarray analysis
Women develop chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases like lupus more often than men. The mechanisms causing the increased susceptibility are incompletely understood, although estrogen is believed to contribute. Chronic immune stimulation characterizes many autoimmune disorders. We hypothesized that repeated stimulation may cause a different T cell immune response in women than men. Microarray approaches were used to compare gene expression in T cells from healthy men and women with and without repeated stimulation. Four days following a single stimulation only 25% of the differentially expressed, gender-biased genes were expressed at higher levels in the women. In contrast, following restimulation 72% were more highly expressed in women. Immune response genes were significantly over-represented among the genes upregulated in women, and among the immune response genes, the inflammatory/cytotoxic effector genes interferon gamma (IFNG), lymphotoxin beta (LTB), granzyme A (GZMA), interleukin-12 receptor beta2 (IL12RB2), and granulysin (GNLY) were among those overexpressed to the greatest degree. In contrast, IL17A was the only effector gene more highly expressed in men. Estrogen response elements were identified in the promoters of half of the overexpressed immune genes in women, and in <10% of the male biased genes. The differential expression of inflammatory/cytotoxic effector molecules in restimulated female T cells may contribute to the differences in autoimmune diseases between women and men
Giant magnetoelectric effect in pure manganite-manganite heterostructures
Obtaining strong magnetoelectric couplings in bulk materials and
heterostructures is an ongoing challenge. We demonstrate that manganite
heterostructures of the form show strong multiferroicity
in magnetic manganites where ferroelectric polarization is realized by charges
leaking from to due to repulsion. Here, an
effective nearest-neighbor electron-electron (electron-hole) repulsion
(attraction) is generated by cooperative electron-phonon interaction. Double
exchange, when a particle virtually hops to its unoccupied neighboring site and
back, produces magnetic polarons that polarize antiferromagnetic regions. Thus
a striking giant magnetoelectric effect ensues when an external electrical
field enhances the electron leakage across the interface.Comment: 13 page
Calibration and accuracy determination of airdata system for a modern fighter
An Air data system (ADS) is an essential avionics module found in modern fighter
aircraft cockpits. It provides critical information about the aircraft to the pilot throughout
the flight regime. Airdata system comprises of air data computer and their associated
sensors. Sensors instrumented on aircraft normally measure pressures and flow angles in the
local flow field using vanes and probes. However, aircraft requires the free stream
parameters for flying. Therefore, forward lookup tables in Air Data Computer (ADC) are
used to covert local parameters measured using airdata sensor to free stream parameters. In
order to design flight controls, improved system performance, ADS should deliver accurate
output. Accuracy of free stream parameters depends upon the accuracy of these tables in Air
data computer. In this paper, the airdata system of a modern fighter aircraft is considered.
This system carries airdata tables which are calibrated/updated using Maximum Likelihood
Estimation (MLE) method. The accuracy of it needs to be determined by another
independent technique. Hence an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is proposed to calibrate
and describe the accuracy limits of airdata system. The technique is tested with flight data
and the results demonstrate the strength of the technique for airdata calibration and
accuracy determination
Charge and Spin Response of the Spin--Polarized Electron Gas
The charge and spin response of a spin--polarized electron gas is
investigated including terms beyond the random phase approximation. We evaluate
the charge response, the longitudinal and transverse spin response, and the
mixed spin--charge response self--consistently in terms of the susceptibility
functions of a non--interacting system. Exchange--correlation effects between
electrons of spin and are included following Kukkonen and
Overhauser, by using spin--polarization dependent generalized Hubbard local
field factors and . The general
condition for charge--density and spin--density--wave excitations of the system
is discussed.Comment: 4 pages, latex, no figure
Observation of spin Coulomb drag in a two-dimensional electron gas
An electron propagating through a solid carries spin angular momentum in
addition to its mass and charge. Of late there has been considerable interest
in developing electronic devices based on the transport of spin, which offer
potential advantages in dissipation, size, and speed over charge-based devices.
However, these advantages bring with them additional complexity. Because each
electron carries a single, fixed value (-e) of charge, the electrical current
carried by a gas of electrons is simply proportional to its total momentum. A
fundamental consequence is that the charge current is not affected by
interactions that conserve total momentum, notably collisions among the
electrons themselves. In contrast, the electron's spin along a given spatial
direction can take on two values, "up" and "down", so that the spin current and
momentum need not be proportional. Although the transport of spin polarization
is not protected by momentum conservation, it has been widely assumed that,
like the charge current, spin current is unaffected by electron-electron (e-e)
interactions. Here we demonstrate experimentally not only that this assumption
is invalid, but that over a broad range of temperature and electron density,
the flow of spin polarization in a two-dimensional gas of electrons is
controlled by the rate of e-e collisions
Interaction-Induced Enhancement of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Two-Dimensional Electronic System
We study theoretically the renormalization of the spin-orbit coupling
constant of two-dimensional electrons by electron-electron interactions. We
demonstrate that, similarly to the factor, the renormalization corresponds
to the enhancement, although the magnitude of the enhancement is weaker than
that for the factor. For high electron concentrations (small interaction
parameter ) the enhancement factor is evaluated analytically within the
static random phase approximation. For large we use an approximate
expression for effective electron-electron interaction, which takes into
account the local field factor, and calculate the enhancement numerically. We
also study the interplay between the interaction-enhanced Zeeman splitting and
interaction-enhanced spin-orbit coupling.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, REVTe
Effective spinless fermions in the strong coupling Kondo model
Starting from the two-orbital Kondo-lattice model with classical t_2g spins,
an effective spinless fermion model is derived for strong Hund coupling J_H
with a projection technique. The model is studied by Monte Carlo simulations
and analytically using a uniform hopping approximation. The results for the
spinless fermion model are in remarkable agreement with those of the original
Kondo-lattice model, independent of the carrier concentration, and even for
moderate Hund coupling J_H. Phase separation, the phase diagram in uniform
hopping approximation, as well as spectral properties including the formation
of a pseudo-gap are discussed for both the Kondo-lattice and the effective
spinless fermion model in one and three dimensions.Comment: Revtex4, 10 pages, 15 figures, typos correcte
Quantum Hall ferromagnets, cooperative transport anisotropy, and the random field Ising model
We discuss the behaviour of a quantum Hall system when two Landau levels with
opposite spin and combined filling factor near unity are brought into energetic
coincidence using an in-plane component of magnetic field. We focus on the
interpretation of recent experiments under these conditions [Zeitler et al,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 866 (2001); Pan et al, Phys. Rev. B 64, 121305 (2001)], in
which a large resistance anisotropy develops at low temperatures. Modelling the
systems involved as Ising quantum Hall ferromagnets, we suggest that this
transport anisotropy reflects domain formation induced by a random field
arising from isotropic sample surface roughness.Comment: 4 pages, submitted to Physical Review
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