Cerebellum progesterone concentration decreased in canine distemper virus infection

/0000-0002-0636-4214WOS: 000244921000006PubMed: 16919304Progesterone has neuroprotective effects including augmentation of myelination in the central and peripheral nervous system. This study was designed to determine if demyelinating lesions in the cerebellum resulting from canine distemper virus (CDV) infection are associated with progesterone levels. Progesterone was measured using radioinummoassay in samples of the cerebellum, corpus callosum, medulla oblongata, parietal, frontal, temporal, and occipital cortices as well as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma collected from ten CDV infected and six non-infected dogs. The cerebellum progesterone level was significantly different between CDV infected (0.66 +/- 0.09 ng/g) and control dogs (1.14 +/- 0.09 ng/g) (p 0.05). The cerebellum progesterone level was also significantly different between acute (0.71 +/- 0.05 ng/g) and chronic cases (0.61 +/- 0.09 ng/g) (p < 0.05). The CDV infected cerebella were also categorized histopathologically according to the severity of demyelinating lesions as mild (n = 5), moderate (n = 2), or severe (n = 3) among which the cerebellum progesterone level was significantly different (p < 0.05). Progesterone concentration was 0.71 +/- 0.05 ng/g in mild, 0.65 +/- 0.10 ng/g in moderate, and 0.56 +/- 0.07 ng/g in severe cases. In conclusion, progesterone concentration decreases in the cerebellum in CDV infection and the severity of demyelinating lesions is the greatest in cerebella with the lowest progesterone concentrations. The results suggest that local impairment of progesterone metabolism may be associated with the initiation and progression of cerebellar lesions in CDV infection. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Hesperidin ublažava upalu kod modela štakora s metaboličkim sindromom

In metabolic syndrome, activated inflammatory signaling pathways trigger the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Nowadays, the use of natural bioactive compounds is trending as an alternative method for the treatment and management of metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to assess the potential effects of hesperidin in the metabolic syndrome model by analyzing the proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in serum and liver. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (Rats were fed a standard chow diet and water ad libitum), hesperidin [Rats were fed hesperidin supplemented standard chow diet (1%, 10 g/kg feed) and water ad libitum] metabolic syndrome (Rats were fed standard chow diet with 10% fructose-added-drinking-water), and metabolic syndrome + hesperidin (Rats were fed a hesperidin-added standard chow diet (1%, 10 g/kg) with 10% fructose-added-drinking-water). Rats were sacrificed under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, blood was obtained and liver tissues were removed. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-beta in the serum and liver were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In the metabolic syndrome group, higher tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6, but lower serum and liver interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta were found in the serum and liver compared to the control group. In addition, in the metabolic syndrome + hesperidin group lower interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 but higher serum interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta were found in the serum and liver compared to the metabolic syndrome groups. Consequently, hesperidin suppressed the serum and liver proinflammatory cytokine response and stimulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine response in the metabolic syndrome rat model.Kod metaboličkog sindroma aktivirani upalni signalni putevi pokreću otpuštanje proupalnih citokina. Pri liječenju odnosno upravljanju metaboličkim sindromom, danas je kao alternativna metoda sve češća upotreba prirodnih bioaktivnih sastojaka. Cilj je istraživanja bio procijeniti moguće učinke hesperidina kod modela štakora s metaboličkim sindromom. Analizirani su proupalni i protuupalni citokini u serumu i jetri. Štakori su podijeljeni u četiri skupine: kontrolna skupina (štakori hranjeni standardnom hranom za žvakanje i vodom ad libitum), skupina hesperidin (štakori hranjeni standardnom hranom za žvakanje kojoj je dodan hesperidin 1%, 10 g/kg hrane i voda ad libitum) skupina s metaboličkim sindromom (štakori hranjeni standardnom hranom za žvakanje s 10% fruktoze dodane u vodu za piće) i skupina s metaboličkim sindromom i hesperidinom (štakori hranjeni standardnom hranom za žvakanje kojoj je dodan hesperidin 1%, 10 g/kg s 10% fruktoze u vodi za piće). Štakori su eutanazirani uz anesteziju ketaminom i ksilazinom, te su im uzeti uzorci krvi i tkiva jetre. Testom ELISA, u serumu i jetri, izmjereni su faktor tumorske nekroze-alfa, interleukin -1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 i transformacijski faktor rasta-beta. U skupini s metaboličkim sindromom u usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom pronađene su povišene vrijednosti faktora tumorske nekroze-alfa, interleukina 1-beta i interlekina-6 te snižene vrijednosti interleukina-10 i transformacijskog faktora rasta-beta. Osim toga, u skupini s metaboličkim sindromom i hesperidinom u odnosu na skupinu s metabaličkim sindromom pronađene su snižene vrijednosti interleukina -1 beta i interleukina-6 te povišene vrijednosti interleukina-10 i transformacijskog faktora rasta-beta. Zaključeno je da je u modelu štakora s metaboličkim sindromom hesperidin potisnuo odgovor proupalnih citokina u serumu i jetri te potaknuo protuupalni odgovor citokina

Myelin basic protein profile of central nervous system in experimentally induced demyelination and remyelination

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess myelin basic protein (MBP) profiles of central nervous system in experimentally induced demyelination and remyelination

Comparison of lidocaine metabolism for different anesthesia techniques in rabbits with liver disease

Objective. This study was designed to investigate the serum lidocaine concentrations (SLC) after local infiltration anesthesia (IA) and mandibular anesthesias (MA) in rabbits with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chronic liver damage (CLD)

The effects of aging on the central nervous system steroid profiles and myelin basic protein in rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aging on the central nervous system steroid and myelin basic protein (MBP) profiles. Forty-seven male Sprague-Dawley rats (newborn, 1, 6, 12 and 24-months-old) were studied. Tissues were obtained from the cerebellum and parietal, frontal, temporal cortex of the central nervous system of the rats for steroid extraction. The estradiol, progesteron, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were measured by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The average levels of estradiol (pg/g), progesteron (ng/g), DHEA (ng/g) and testosterone (ng/g) in the brain tissues were respectively 24.29, 4.59, 0.27, 0.92 in the newborn-rats; 4.18 +/- 1.10, 1.54 +/- 0.30, 0.28 +/- 0.01, 0.57 +/- 0.10 in the 1 month-old-rats; 11.02 +/- 1.10, 2.96 +/- 0.30, 0.27 +/- 0.01, 0.61 +/- 0.10 in the 6 month-old-rats; 15.80 +/- 1.10, 4.80 +/- 0.30, 0.28 +/- 0.10, 0.67 +/- 0.10 in the 12 month-old-rats; 20.07 +/- 1.10, 4.12 +/- 0.30, 0.28 +/- 0.01, 0.55 +/- 0.10 in the 24 month-old-rats. The myelin basic protein levels were determined by immunohistochemical staining and an elevation was observed in conjunction with the aging process. The results of the study indicate that the alterations in MBP, DHEA, progesterone, testosterone and estrodiol concentrations in the central nervous system of the rats during aging can be considered fundamental for future animal and human studies. (C) 2012, Editrice Kurti

Decreased Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity Correlated with Clinical Score and Serum Proteins in Calves with Cryptosporidiosis

WOS: 000381235100018This study was aimed to investigate serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in calves with cryptosporidiosis. Significantly higher serum concentrations of globulin (P<0.01), blood urea nitrogen (P<0.01) and creatinine (P<0.01) were found and significantly lower albumin concentration (P<0.01) and albumin to globulin (A/G) ratio (P<0.001) in calves with cryptosporidiosis compared to healthy calves. Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was determined as 4.12+/-0.91 U/l; in calves with cryptosporidiosis compared to 10.27+/-1.71 U/l in healthy calves, which was significant at P<0.01 level. Serum ADA was negatively correlated with clinical score (P<0.05), which serum total protein concentration (P<0.05), serum globulin concentration (P<0.01) and serum A/G ratio (P<0.05) were positivity correlated in calves with cryptosporidiosis. From these results we concluded that cryptosporidiosis infection is closely related to low serum ADA activity which correlated with clinical score and serum total protein, globulin and A/G ratio in-calves. The results of the present study indicate possible role of ADA in development and progression of cryptosporidiosis

Expression of Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Its Type 2 Receptor in the Ovary of Pregnant and Cyclic Domestic Cats

To evaluate the expression of AMH and its receptor AMHRII, ovaries of 33 p cats were investigated by western blot and immunohistochemistry. After ovariohysterectomy, the cats were grouped according to pregnancy stages and ovarian/placental endocrine activity: group I (n = 3, 24–29 days), II (n = 8, 32–40 days), III (n = 4, 41–46 days), IV (n = 6, 53–61 days) and according to cycle stages: V (n = 6, interestrus) and VI (n = 6, estrus). Serum progesterone- and AMH-concentration was measured. Follicle numbers did not differ between groups. The number of corpora lutea was higher in pregnant cats than in the non-pregnant cats. Serum AMH concentration was at maximum between day 30 and 50 of gestation, and was higher than in non-pregnant cats, then decreased towards term (p p 2 = 0.832, p p ˂ 0.05). We conclude that AMH and AMHRII expression in the feline ovary is comparable to other species. The high serum AMH concentration and ovarian AMHRII expression between day 30 and 50 of gestation are probably related to ovarian activity and follicular atresia

Serum concentration and skin tissue expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 in canine generalized demodicosis

Pekmezci, Gokmen Zafer/0000-0002-7791-1959; /0000-0002-0636-4214WOS: 000364529400005PubMed: 26489526BackgroundThere is increasing evidence that insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) levels are altered in skin injury; there are no data evaluating the serum concentration and skin tissue expression of IGF-2 in canine generalized demodicosis. Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo assess serum concentrations of IGF-2 collected from dogs with generalized demodicosis compared to healthy dogs and to determine the location of IGF-2 in the skin of affected dogs. MethodsBlood and skin samples were collected from 12 dogs of differing breeds and gender at 1-2years of age that had a confirmed diagnosis of generalized demodicosis. Age-matched control skin and blood samples were collected from 11 normal dogs of different breeds and gender. Serum IGF-2 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Skin tissue expression of IGF-2 was analysed by immunohistochemical methods. ResultsSerum concentration and skin tissue expression of IGF-2 were increased in dogs with generalized demodicosis compared with control dogs. Conclusions and clinical importanceThese findings indicate that keratinocytes, histiocytes and fibrocytes in the dermis are positive for IGF-2; they may be a source of the elevated serum IGF-2 levels in dogs with generalized demodicosis. Resume ContexteDe plus en plus de donnees montrent que les niveaux d'IGF-2 (insulin-like growth factor-2) sont alteres lors de lesion cutanee; il n'y a pas de donnee evaluant la concentration serique et l'expression tissulaire cutanee de l'IGF-2 en cas de demodecie canine generalisee. Hypotheses/ObjectifsDeterminer les concentrations seriques d'IGF-2 sur des chiens atteints de demodecie generalisee compare a des chiens sains et determiner la localisation d'IGF-2 dans la peau des chiens atteints. MethodesDes echantillons de sang et de peau ont ete preleves sur 12 chiens de differentes races et genres a l'age de 1-2 ans ayant un diagnostic confirme de demodecie generalisee. Des echantillons de peau et de sang ont ete preleves sur 11 chiens sains du meme age et de races et de genres differents. Des concentrations seriques d'IGF-2 ont ete mesurees par ELISA. L'expression tissulaire cutanee d'IGF-2 a ete analysee par immunohistochimie. ResultatsLa concentration serique et l'expression tissulaire d'IGF-2 etaient augmentees chez les chiens atteints de demodecie generalisee compare aux chiens sains. Conclusions et importance cliniqueCes donnees indiquent que les keratinocytes, histiocytes et fibrocytes dermiques sont positifs pour IGF-2; ils peuvent etre une source d'elevation d'IGF-2 serique chez les chiens atteints de demodecie generalisee. Resumen Introduccionhay cada vez mas evidencias indicando que los niveles del factor de crecimiento 2 similar a insulina (IGF-2) estan alterados en lesiones de la piel; no hay datos evaluando las concentraciones en suero y la expresion en piel de IGF-2 en la demodicosis generalizada canina. Hipotesis/Objetivosevaluar las concentraciones en suero de IGF-2 en perros con demodicosis generalizada comparada con perros sanos y determinar la localizacion de IGF-2 en la piel de perros afectados. Metodosmuestras de piel y sangre fueron obtenidas de los perros de diferentes razas y generos de 1-2 anos de edad con diagnostico confirmado de demodicosis generalizada. La piel y sangre de perros control de caracteristicas similares se tomaron de 11 perros de diferentes razas y generos. Las concentraciones de IGF-2 se midieron mediante pruebas de inmunoabsorcion ligada a enzimas (ELISA). La expresion de IGF-2 fue analizada mediante inmunohistoquimica. Resultadoslas concentraciones en suero y la expresion en piel de IGF-2 estaban incrementadas en perros con demodicosis generalizada comparada con perros control. Conclusiones e importancia clinicaestos hallazgos indican que los queratinocitos, histiocitos y fibrocitos en la dermis son positivos para IGF-2; pueden ser la fuente principal de la elevacion de IGF-2 en suero y piel de perros con demodicosis generalizada. Zusammenfassung HintergrundEs besteht zunehmende Evidenz, dass sich die Werte von Insulin-Growth-like Factor-2 (IGF-2) bei einer Hautverletzung verandern; es gibt bisher keine Daten, welche die Serumkonzentrationen und die Exprimierung von IGF-2 in der Haut bei caniner generalisierter Demodikose evaluierten. Hypothese/ZieleEine Auswertung der IGF-2 Konzentrationen im Serum, welches von Hunden mit generalisierter Demodikose stammte im Vergleich zu gesunden Hunden sowie eine Bestimmung der Lokalisation von IGF-2 in der Haut betroffener Hunde. MethodenEs wurden Blut- und Hautproben von 12 Hunden unterschiedlicher Rassen und Geschlechter im Alter von 1-2 Jahren mit der bestatigten Diagnose einer generalisierten Demodikose genommen. Es wurden dem Alter angepasste Haut- und Blutproben als Kontrollen von 11 normalen Hunden verschiedener Rassen und Geschlechter genommen. Die Serum-IGF-2 Konzentrationen wurden mittels Enzym-linked Immunosorbent Assay gemessen. Die Exprimierung von IGF-2 in der Haut wurde mit immunhistochemischen Methoden untersucht. ErgebnisseDie Serumkonzentrationen und die Exprimierung von IGF-2 in der Haut war bei Hunden mit generalisierter Demodikose im Vergleich zu den normalen Hunden erhoht. Schlussfolgerungen und klinische BedeutungDiese Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Keratinozyten, Histiozyten und Fibrozyten in der Haut IGF-2 positiv sind; sie konnten die Quelle sein fur die erhohten IGF-2 Serumwerte bei Hunden mit generalisierter Demodikose