Neck mass as the first presentation of metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma

AbstractAdenocarcinoma of the prostate (CAP) is a rare diagnosis in men younger than 50 years of age; this age group accounts for less than 0.1% of all patients with prostatic cancer. Left supraclavicular lymphadenopathy (LSCL) as the presenting symptom of metastatic CAP is even rarer. No cases of CAP presenting as LSCL in men younger than 45 years have been reported in the literature. Here we report a 42-year-old male with the uncommon presentation of CAP as LSCL. In adult males with persistent LSCL, even if younger than 45 years, measurement of serum prostate specific antigen is warranted at the time of initial presentation, and the lymph node biopsy should be subsequently stained for prostate specific antigen immunohistochemically. These examinations are crucial to establish a definitive diagnosis of CAP and, in turn, to institute appropriate management and achieve the best possible outcome

Lymphangiomatous macroglossia associated with extensive cervicomediastinal cystic hygromas

AbstractChildren with lymphangiomatous macroglossia often have difficulty eating and talking, and their airways may be compromised because of bleeding and infection, especially when extensive cervicomediastinal cystic hygromas are present. We report a case of lymphangiomatous macroglossia associated with extensive cystic hygromas in the cervicomediastinal region. The 3-year-old girl was treated with anterior wedge reduction of the tongue, needle aspiration of the cervicomediastinal cystic hygromas, and systemic steroids and antibiotics. The extensive cystic cervicomediastinal hygromas spontaneously regressed, and further surgery was not needed until 4 years later. Surprisingly, subtotal or partial lymphatic malformation removal improved the complicated lymphatic malformation

Nonadhesive Culture System as a Model of Rapid Sphere Formation with Cancer Stem Cell Properties

BACKGROUND: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis and are responsible for high therapeutic failure rates. Identification and characterization of CSC are crucial for facilitating the monitoring, therapy, or prevention of cancer. Great efforts have been paid to develop a more effective methodology. Nevertheless, the ideal model for CSC research is still evolving. In this study, we created a nonadhesive culture system to enrich CSCs from human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with sphere formation and to characterize their CSC properties further. METHODS: A nonadhesive culture system was designed to generate spheres from the SAS and OECM-1 cell lines. A subsequent investigation of their CSC properties, including stemness, self-renewal, and chemo- and radioresistance in vitro, as well as tumor initiation capacity in vivo, was also performed. RESULTS: Spheres were formed cost-effectively and time-efficiently within 5 to 7 days. Moreover, we proved that these spheres expressed putative stem cell markers and exhibited chemoradiotherapeutic resistance, in addition to tumor-initiating and self-renewal capabilities. CONCLUSIONS: Using this nonadhesive culture system, we successfully established a rapid and cost-effective model that exhibits the characteristics of CSCs and can be used in cancer research

Nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cyst

Second branchial cleft cysts are almost always located in the neck; thus, their presence in the nasopharynx is extremely rare. A 44-year-old man was referred to our department because a cystic mass was fortuitously found in the right lateral nasopharyngeal wall during transnasal esophagogastroscopy. He had suffered from intermittent right-sided nasal obstruction since childhood. T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintense signals. Marsupialization was performed by diode laser via an endoscopy-guided approach. No immediate postoperative complications occurred, and there was no recurrence 6 months following surgery. When a cystic lesion presents in the lateral nasopharynx, branchial cleft cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis. In our experience, marsupialization by diode laser via an endoscopy approach is a safe and straightforward method of treating nasopharyngeal branchial cleft cyst, with no adverse effects

Fibromatosis of the Submandibular Region

Fibromatoses are benign tumors that can occur anywhere in the body. They are locally aggressive and tend to recur; they also cause considerable morbidity, particularly when they arise in the head and neck. Fibromatosis in the submandibular region is rare. Here, we present a case of fibromatosis of the submandibular region in a 42-year-old female who presented with a right submandibular mass. The patient underwent complete excision of the fibromatosis, showed negative margins and had no adjuvant therapy. Her recovery was uneventful, and there was no recurrence or neurological deficit 1 year after the operation

Primary Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland: A Rare Case

The primary lymphoepithelial carcinomas account only 0.4% of all salivary gland malignancies and most of them occur in parotid glands. This disease correlates with activities of Epstein-Barr virus and the microscopic pathological presentations mimic the finding of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Thus, the metastatic lymphadenopathy of parotid nodes from pharyngeal carcinomas should be considered first, especially in the higher prevalent area such as arctic area or South-east Asia. After exclusion of a metastatic disease, the diagnosis of primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma can be made. Magnetic resonance imaging is the examination of choice if a parotid malignancy is suspected. Surgical excision of malignancy with postoperative radiotherapy is considered as the better treatment strategy. We present a medical history of the 26-year-old woman who was diagnosed with primary lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland and showed no evidence of recurrence after this treatment strategy

Isolated Inverted Papilloma of the Sphenoid Sinus

Primary inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus is rare. Such a case, of a 42-year-old female, is reported here, discussing the clinical presentation, diagnostic clues, radiographic features, histological findings and management. In contrast to the vast majority of cases that present with nasal complaints because of lateral nasal wall involvement, the clinical presentation of inverted papillomas confined to the sphenoid sinus is often nonspecific and insidious. Nasal endoscopy and radiologic imaging are key to an accurate diagnosis. Preoperative imaging with computed tomography and the surgeon's experience will dictate the appropriate surgical approach. In our opinion, transnasal endoscopic large sphenoidotomy remains an effective modality for management of patients with this lesion when the sphenoid sinus is the only sinus requiring investigation. A more anatomically directed approach to the sphenoid sinus with less violation of other sinuses can be achieved

Recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the parotid region after parotid-gland-sparing radiotherapy

This study reported our experience of the clinical characteristics of periparotid recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after parotid-gland-sparing radiotherapy. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 296 patients with NPC who underwent parotid-gland-sparing radiotherapy at the Tri-Service General Hospital from 1998 to 2008. Eighty-three patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, and 205 patients underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy; parotid glands were spared bilaterally in all patients. None of these patients had undergone previous radiotherapy or surgical treatment of the head and neck. Disease recurred in a spared parotid gland in three patients (1.04%). Two of these patients had undergone three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and the third underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy. All three patients had undergone parotidectomy. Adjuvant radiotherapy or concurrent chemoradiation was administered. One patient died of metastatic disease 26 months after diagnosis of recurrence; the others were well with no evidence of disease at 63 and 6 months after initial recurrence. Periparotid recurrence is an uncommon pattern of locoregional failure after parotid-gland-sparing radiotherapy for NPC. Early diagnosis and aggressive therapy for patients with periparotid recurrence may improve outcomes