YBCO-buffered NdBCO film with higher thermal stability in seeding REBCO Growth

In this work, we report a strengthened superheating effect caused by a buffering YBa2Cu3Oy (Y123 or YBCO) layer in the Nd1+xBa2-xCu3O7-y (Nd123 or NdBCO) thin film with MgO substrate (i.e., NdBCO/YBCO/MgO thin film). In the cold-seeding melt-textured (MT) growth, the NdBCO/YBCO/MgO film presented an even higher superheating level, about 20 {\deg}C higher than that of non-buffered NdBCO film (i.e., NdBCO/MgO film). Using this NdBCO/YBCO/MgO film as seeds and undergoing a maximum processing temperature (Tmax) up to 1120 {\deg}C, we succeeded in growing various RE1+xBa2-xCu3O7-y (REBCO, RE=rare elements) bulk superconductors, including Gd1+xBa2-xCu3O7-y (GdBCO), Sm1+xBa2-xCu3O7-y (SmBCO) and NdBCO that have high peritectic temperatures (Tp). The pole figure (X-Ray \phi-scan) measurement reveals that the NdBCO/YBCO/MgO film has better in-plane alignment than the NdBCO/MgO film, indicating that the induced intermediate layer improves the crystallinity of the NdBCO film, which could be the main origin of the enhanced thermal stability. In short, possessing higher thermal stability and enduring a higher Tmax in the MT process, the NdBCO/YBCO/MgO film is beneficial to the growth of bulk superconductors in two aspects: (1) broad application for high-Tp REBCO materials; (2) effective suppression against heterogeneous nucleation, which is of great assistance in growing large and high-performance REBCO crystals.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Tensor coupling effects on spin symmetry in anti-Lambda spectrum of hypernuclei

The effects of $\bar\Lambda\bar\Lambda\omega$-tensor coupling on the spin symmetry of $\bar{\Lambda}$ spectra in $\bar{\Lambda}$-nucleus systems have been studied with the relativistic mean-field theory. Taking $^{12}$C+$\bar{\Lambda}$ as an example, it is found that the tensor coupling enlarges the spin-orbit splittings of $\bar\Lambda$ by an order of magnitude although its effects on the wave functions of $\bar{\Lambda}$ are negligible. Similar conclusions has been observed in $\bar{\Lambda}$-nucleus of different mass regions, including $^{16}$O+$\bar{\Lambda}$, $^{40}$Ca+$\bar{\Lambda}$ and $^{208}$Pb+$\bar{\Lambda}$. It indicates that the spin symmetry in anti-lambda-nucleus systems is still good irrespective of the tensor coupling.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures

Mechanisms Responsible for Arc Cooling in Different Gases in Turbulent Nozzle Flow

A high voltage gas blast circuit breaker relies on the high speed gas flow in a nozzle to remove the energy due to Ohmic heating at high current and to provide strong arc cooling during the current zero period to interrupt a fault current. The physical mechanisms that are responsible for the hugely different arc cooling capabilities of two gases (SF6 and air) are studied in the present work and important gas material properties controlling the cooling strength identified

Grain-size cycles in Salawusu River valley since 150 ka BP

The palaeo-mobile dune sands and fluvio-lacustrine facies with palaeosols in Milanggouwan stratigraphic section of the Salawusu River valley situated at the southeast of the Mu Us Desert experienced abundant remarkable alternative changes of coarse and fine rhythms in grainsize since 150 ka BP, and the grain-size parameters — Mz, σ, Sk, Kg and SC/D also respond to the situation of multi-fluctuational alternations between peak and valley values. Simultaneity the grainsize eigenvalues — ϕ5, ϕ16, ϕ25, ϕ50, ϕ75, ϕ84 and ϕ95 are respondingly manifested as greatly cadent jumpiness. Hereby, the Milanggouwan section can be divided into 27 grain-size coarse and fine sedimentary cycles, which can be regarded as a real and integrated record of climate-geological process of desert vicissitude resulted from the alternative evolvement of the ancient winter and summer monsoons of East Asia since 150 ka BP.published_or_final_versio

萨拉乌苏河流域150 ka BP 以来的粒度旋回

萨拉乌苏河流域米浪沟湾地层剖面150 ka BP 以来古流动砂丘砂与河湖相和古土壤在粒度上具有多次显著的粗细韵律交替变化, 粒度参数- M z、R、Sk、Kg 和SC/ D 亦随之响应为多波动峰谷交替的态势。同时, 粒度特征值- 5 5、5 16、5 25、5 50、5 75、5 84、5 95 相应地表现为非常有节奏地跳动。据此, 将米浪沟湾剖面划分为27 个粒度粗细沉积旋回, 并认为其是150 ka BP 以来在东亚冬夏古代季风交替影响下沙漠演变的一个颇为完整的气候- 地质过程记录。The Milanggouwan stratigraphical section in the Salawusu River Valley takes down 27 alternately evolutionary sediment sequences of the aeolian dune layers with the fluvio-lacustrine facies and palaeosols since 150 ka BP. Based on grain-size analyses of the 86 samples from the section, some views have been put forward: (1) Grain-size accumulative centigrade contents of the aeolian sands in the past 150 ka in Milanggouwan section are mainly characterized by the aeolian palaeo-mobile dune sands, and those of the fluvial facies dominated by very fine sands also contain some quantities of silt and clay. (2) The grain-size general distributional characteristics - Mz (particle diameter) and σ (standard deviation) clearly show that the fluvio-lacustrine facies and palaeosols usually become finer in particles and worse in sorting than the aeolian sands. As regards Sk (bias angle) and Kg (kurtosis) values, the former two increase obviously compared with the latter, displaying positive bias and the latter often proximately symmetrical distributed, only few in negative bias. (3) At vertical direction of the section, the grain-size distributional coarse and fine rhythms vary very pronouncedly with the alternation of sedimentary facies. Mz, σ, Sk, Kg and SC/D (ratio of the sum of silt and clay to sand) of fluvio-lacustrine, palaeosols and aeolian sands separately constitute a commulative between peak and valley values. (4) The values of grain-size parameters lie on their eigenvalues. Taking the eigenvalue Φ50 as a boundary, the Φ75, Φ84 and Φ95 above the eigenvalue have wide flounce range and high sensitivity responding to the sedimentary facies, which may be called 'active eigenvalues'. In contrast with them, those below the above-cited eigenvalue, i.e., Φ5, Φ16 and Φ25, which have relatively narrow flounce range and low sensitivity, are called 'inert eigenvalues'.published_or_final_versio

Analysis of pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies before the global <i>M</i> = 7.0+ earthquakes in 2010

The pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies that occurred before the global <i>M</i> = 7.0+ earthquakes in 2010 are investigated using the total electron content (TEC) from the global ionosphere map (GIM). We analyze the possible causes of the ionospheric anomalies based on the space environment and magnetic field status. Results show that some anomalies are related to the earthquakes. By analyzing the time of occurrence, duration, and spatial distribution of these ionospheric anomalies, a number of new conclusions are drawn, as follows: earthquake-related ionospheric anomalies are not bound to appear; both positive and negative anomalies are likely to occur; and the earthquake-related ionospheric anomalies discussed in the current study occurred 0–2 days before the associated earthquakes and in the afternoon to sunset (i.e. between 12:00 and 20:00 local time). Pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies occur mainly in areas near the epicenter. However, the maximum affected area in the ionosphere does not coincide with the vertical projection of the epicenter of the subsequent earthquake. The directions deviating from the epicenters do not follow a fixed rule. The corresponding ionospheric effects can also be observed in the magnetically conjugated region. However, the probability of the anomalies appearance and extent of the anomalies in the magnetically conjugated region are smaller than the anomalies near the epicenter. Deep-focus earthquakes may also exhibit very significant pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies

Dirac Line-nodes and Effect of Spin-orbit Coupling in Non-symmorphic Critical Semimetal MSiS (M=Hf, Zr)

Topological Dirac semimetals (TDSs) represent a new state of quantum matter recently discovered that offers a platform for realizing many exotic physical phenomena. A TDS is characterized by the linear touching of bulk (conduction and valance) bands at discrete points in the momentum space (i.e. 3D Dirac points), such as in Na3Bi and Cd3As2. More recently, new types of Dirac semimetals with robust Dirac line-nodes (with non-trivial topology or near the critical point between topological phase transitions) have been proposed that extends the bulk linear touching from discrete points to 1D lines. In this work, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we explored the electronic structure of the non-symmorphic crystals MSiS (M=Hf, Zr). Remarkably, by mapping out the band structure in the full 3D Brillouin Zone (BZ), we observed two sets of Dirac line-nodes in parallel with the kz-axis and their dispersions. Interestingly, along directions other than the line-nodes in the 3D BZ, the bulk degeneracy is lifted by spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in both compounds with larger magnitude in HfSiS. Our work not only experimentally confirms a new Dirac line-node semimetal family protected by non-symmorphic symmetry, but also helps understanding and further exploring the exotic properties as well as practical applications of the MSiS family of compounds.Comment: 5 figure