102 research outputs found
Integrated process planning and scheduling for common prismatic parts in a 5-axis CNC environment
EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
A Chebyshev Confidence Guided Source-Free Domain Adaptation Framework for Medical Image Segmentation
Source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) aims to adapt models trained on a
labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain without the access to
source data. In medical imaging scenarios, the practical significance of SFDA
methods has been emphasized due to privacy concerns. Recent State-of-the-art
SFDA methods primarily rely on self-training based on pseudo-labels (PLs).
Unfortunately, PLs suffer from accuracy deterioration caused by domain shift,
and thus limit the effectiveness of the adaptation process. To address this
issue, we propose a Chebyshev confidence guided SFDA framework to accurately
assess the reliability of PLs and generate self-improving PLs for
self-training. The Chebyshev confidence is estimated by calculating probability
lower bound of the PL confidence, given the prediction and the corresponding
uncertainty. Leveraging the Chebyshev confidence, we introduce two
confidence-guided denoising methods: direct denoising and prototypical
denoising. Additionally, we propose a novel teacher-student joint training
scheme (TJTS) that incorporates a confidence weighting module to improve PLs
iteratively. The TJTS, in collaboration with the denoising methods, effectively
prevents the propagation of noise and enhances the accuracy of PLs. Extensive
experiments in diverse domain scenarios validate the effectiveness of our
proposed framework and establish its superiority over state-of-the-art SFDA
methods. Our paper contributes to the field of SFDA by providing a novel
approach for precisely estimating the reliability of pseudo-labels and a
framework for obtaining high-quality PLs, resulting in improved adaptation
performance
Estimating Brain Age with Global and Local Dependencies
The brain age has been proven to be a phenotype of relevance to cognitive
performance and brain disease. Achieving accurate brain age prediction is an
essential prerequisite for optimizing the predicted brain-age difference as a
biomarker. As a comprehensive biological characteristic, the brain age is hard
to be exploited accurately with models using feature engineering and local
processing such as local convolution and recurrent operations that process one
local neighborhood at a time. Instead, Vision Transformers learn global
attentive interaction of patch tokens, introducing less inductive bias and
modeling long-range dependencies. In terms of this, we proposed a novel network
for learning brain age interpreting with global and local dependencies, where
the corresponding representations are captured by Successive Permuted
Transformer (SPT) and convolution blocks. The SPT brings computation efficiency
and locates the 3D spatial information indirectly via continuously encoding 2D
slices from different views. Finally, we collect a large cohort of 22645
subjects with ages ranging from 14 to 97 and our network performed the best
among a series of deep learning methods, yielding a mean absolute error (MAE)
of 2.855 in validation set, and 2.911 in an independent test set
Fair Multiple-bank E-cash in the Standard Model
Multiple-bank e-cash (electronic cash) model allows users and merchants to open their accounts at different banks which are monitored by the Center Bank. Some multiple-bank e-cash systems were proposed in recent years. However, prior implementations of multiple-bank e-cash all require the random oracle model idealization in their security analysis. We know some schemes are secure in the random oracle model, but are trivially insecure under any instantiation of the oracle.
In this paper, based on the automorphic blind signature, the Groth-Sahai proof system and a new group blind signature, we construct a fair multiple-bank e-cash scheme. The new scheme is proved secure in the standard model and provides the following
functionalities, such as owner tracing, coin tracing, identification of the double spender and
signer tracing. In order to sign two messages at once, we extend Ghadafi\u27s group blind signature to a new group blind signature. The new signature scheme may be of independent interest
Polar-Net: A Clinical-Friendly Model for Alzheimer's Disease Detection in OCTA Images
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a promising tool for
detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) by imaging the retinal microvasculature.
Ophthalmologists commonly use region-based analysis, such as the ETDRS grid, to
study OCTA image biomarkers and understand the correlation with AD. However,
existing studies have used general deep computer vision methods, which present
challenges in providing interpretable results and leveraging clinical prior
knowledge. To address these challenges, we propose a novel deep-learning
framework called Polar-Net. Our approach involves mapping OCTA images from
Cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates, which allows for the use of
approximate sector convolution and enables the implementation of the ETDRS
grid-based regional analysis method commonly used in clinical practice.
Furthermore, Polar-Net incorporates clinical prior information of each sector
region into the training process, which further enhances its performance.
Additionally, our framework adapts to acquire the importance of the
corresponding retinal region, which helps researchers and clinicians understand
the model's decision-making process in detecting AD and assess its conformity
to clinical observations. Through evaluations on private and public datasets,
we have demonstrated that Polar-Net outperforms existing state-of-the-art
methods and provides more valuable pathological evidence for the association
between retinal vascular changes and AD. In addition, we also show that the two
innovative modules introduced in our framework have a significant impact on
improving overall performance.Comment: Accepted by MICCAI202
Ultrasound Stimulation Modulates Voltage-Gated Potassium Currents Associated With Action Potential Shape in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
Potassium channels (K+) play an important role in the regulation of cellular signaling. Dysfunction of potassium channels is associated with several severe ion channels diseases, such as long QT syndrome, episodic ataxia and epilepsy. Ultrasound stimulation has proven to be an effective non-invasive tool for the modulation of ion channels and neural activity. In this study, we demonstrate that ultrasound stimulation enables to modulate the potassium currents and has an impact on the shape modulation of action potentials (AP) in the hippocampal pyramidal neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in vitro. The results show that outward potassium currents in neurons increase significantly, approximately 13%, in response to 30 s ultrasound stimulation. Simultaneously, the increasing outward potassium currents directly decrease the resting membrane potential (RMP) from −64.67 ± 1.10 mV to −67.51 ± 1.35 mV. Moreover, the threshold current and AP fall rate increase while the reduction of AP half-width and after-hyperpolarization peak time is detected. During ultrasound stimulation, reduction of the membrane input resistance of pyramidal neurons can be found and shorter membrane time constant is achieved. Additionally, we verify that the regulation of potassium currents and shape of action potential is mainly due to the mechanical effects induced by ultrasound. Therefore, ultrasound stimulation may offer an alternative tool to treat some ion channels diseases related to potassium channels
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