Synchronous occurrence of hereditary gastric adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and esophageal small cell and squamous carcinoma in situ: an extremely rare case report

Abstract Background Hereditary diffuse gastric carcinoma (HDGC) accounts for 1–3% of all gastric carcinomas. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but they comprise fewer than 1% of all GI malignancies. Small-cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a rare histological type of esophageal carcinoma, accounting for 0.4% to 2.8% of all esophageal tumors. Co-occurrence of SmCC with esophageal tumors caused by squamous carcinoma is also very uncommon. Although multiple primary malignancies are no longer rare in clinical practice, the simultaneous appearance of HDGC, GIST, esophageal small cell and squamous carcinoma in situ is extremely rare and very few cases have been reported. Case presentation We present a case of a 53 year-old woman with synchronous occurrence of four malignancies including HDGC, GIST, esophageal small cell- and local squamous carcinoma in situ. A total gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and paclitaxel liposome were performed. After a 1-year follow-up, this patient was still in good condition with no evidence of recurrence. Conclusion This is the unique case that describes the co-existence of the aforementioned four types of neoplasm. This case demonstrates that a diagnosis of gastric cancer does not preclude the presence of other malignancies and every case should be thoroughly analyzed to avoid missing other problems, which may worsen the prognosis

Molecular cytogenetic identification of three rust-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploids

Abstract Background Thinopyrum ponticum (2n = 10× = 70, JSJSJSJSJJJJJJ) is an important wild perennial Triticeae species that has a unique gene pool with many desirable traits for common wheat. The partial amphiploids derived from wheat-Th. ponticum set up a bridge for transferring valuable genes from Th. ponticum into common wheat. Results In this study, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), multicolor GISH (mcGISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to analyze the genomic constitution of SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406, three octoploid accessions with good resistance to rust. The results demonstrated that the three octoploids possessed 42 wheat chromosomes, while SN0389 contained 12 Th. ponticum chromosomes and SN0398 and SN0406 contained 14 Th. ponticum chromosomes. The genomic constitution of SN0389 was 42 W + 12JS, and for SN0398 and SN0406 it was 42 W + 12JS + 2 J. Chromosomal variation was found in chromosomes 1A, 3A, 6A, 2B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 1D and 5D of SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406 based on the FISH and McGISH pattern. A resistance evaluation showed that SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406 possessed good resistance to stripe and leaf rust at the seedling stage and adult-plant stage. Conclusions The results indicated that these wheat-Th. ponticum partial amphiploids are new resistant germplasms for wheat improvement

Modeling Year-to-Year Variations of Clear-Sky Land Surface Temperature Using Aqua/MODIS Data

International audienceLand surface temperature (LST) and its annual or inter-annual variations play an important role in understanding global climate change, urban heat island, and the process of land-atmosphere energy exchange. Many annual temperature cycle (ATC) models [i.e., ATC with three or five parameters (ACP3 or ACP5)] have been proposed to analyze the annual variations of LST in the past decades. In this study, two year-to-year continuous and derivable models (YYCD_ACP3 and YYCD_ACP5 models) were proposed to model several years of ATCs. The fitting results of the YYCD_ACP3 model with global Aqua/MODIS daytime LSTs from 2014 to 2018 show that the YYCD_ACP3 model achieved a good performance in fitting the time-series LSTs with an overall normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) of 0.21, coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.74, and refined index of agreement (d) of 0.85. In addition, the modeling results of ten representative samples covering different climatic conditions and land cover worldwide show that, except for two sites located in tropical and Antarctic, the YYCD_ACP3 model could show a good performance with R 2 greater than 0.6. Although the ACP3 model shows similar performance to the YYCD_ACP3 model, the fitting curve of the YYCD_ACP3 model is continuous and smooth for describing the interannual variations of LST. When the LSTs of 2014-2018 are fitted as a whole by using both models, the YYCD_ACP3 model shows a slightly better performance than that of the ACP3 model. The application of the YYCD_ACP3 model with the global MODIS LSTs from 2003 to 2018 indicates that the results of the YYCD_ACP3 model have the potential to reveal the interannual variations of LST. Therefore, we conclude that the YYCD models are valuable for modeling the variations of LST over several years and can be widely applied. INDEX TERMS Land surface temperature, annual temperature cycle, modeling, MODIS

Additional file 1: of Molecular cytogenetic identification of three rust-resistant wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum partial amphiploids

Figure S1. Reaction to stripe rust CYR32 of SN0389, SN0398 and SN0406. (TIF 1679 kb

Genome-Wide Gene Expression Profile Analyses Identify CTTN as a Potential Prognostic Marker in Esophageal Cancer

<div><p>Aim</p><p>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common fatal malignances of the digestive tract. Its prognosis is poor mainly due to the lack of reliable markers for early detection and prognostic prediction. Here we aim to identify the molecules involved in ESCC carcinogenesis and those as potential markers for prognosis and as new molecular therapeutic targets.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We performed genome-wide gene expression profile analyses of 10 primary ESCCs and their adjacent normal tissues by cDNA microarrays representing 47,000 transcripts and variants. Candidate genes were then validated by semi quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), tissue microarrays (TMAs) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.</p><p>Results</p><p>Using an arbitrary cutoff line of signal log ratio of ≥1.5 or ≤−1.5, we observed 549 up-regulated genes and 766 down-regulated genes in ESCCs compared with normal esophageal tissues. The functions of 302 differentially expressed genes were associated with cell metabolism, cell adhesion and immune response. Several candidate deregulated genes including four overexpressed (CTTN, DMRT2, MCM10 and SCYA26) and two underexpressed (HMGCS2 and SORBS2) were subsequently verified, which can be served as biomarkers for ESCC. Moreover, overexpression of cortactin (CTTN) was observed in 126/198 (63.6%) of ESCC cases and was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.000), pathologic stage (P = 0.000) and poor survival (P<0.001) of ESCC patients. Furthermore, a significant correlation between CTTN overexpression and shorter disease-specific survival rate was found in different subgroups of ESCC patient stratified by the pathologic stage (P<0.05).</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Our data provide valuable information for establishing molecules as candidates for prognostic and/or as therapeutic targets.</p></div

Kaplan-Meier plots for the Disease-specific survival rate of ESCC patients.

<p>(A) Kaplan-Meier plots for the Disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of ESCC patients with (n = 126, green line) or without (n = 72, blue line) CTNN overexpression. (B) Kaplan-Meier plots for the DSS rate of ESCC patients with pathologic stage I+IIA (n = 113, blue line) or IIB+III (n = 85, green line).</p

Association between CTTN over-expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with ESCC (n = 198).

<p>*<i>P</i><0.05.</p

Expression of CTTN in ESCC and normal esophageal tissues.

<p>Note:*<i>P</i><0.005.</p