Chemical Content, and Toxic Effects of Essential Oil of Origanum vulgare L. ssp Vulgare Against to Zea Mays Seedlings

This study was designed to examine essential oil based changes at the genetic and physiological level on Zea Mays seeds. To this end EO obtained from Origanum vulgare by hydrodistilation were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The most abundant contents were observed as caryophyllene oxide (34.44 %), ?-caryophyllene (20.40 %) and ?-cadinol (7.02 %). Total of the volatiles were applied to Zea mays' seeds at four different (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 ?l/mL) concentrations. Comparing with the control germination, some DNA alterations were observed in random amplified polymorphic DNA profiles of germinated EO treated seeds. The alterations affected the genomic template stability. On the other hand, data observed from protein profiles by using SDS-Page showed some differentiation between band profiles of EO treated samples and control group. The results suggest that EO not only affect the DNA, but also its products (proteins). As a conclusion, the possible biological activities of EO of Origanum vulgare L. ssp vulgare are related to their genotoxic activity. © 2013 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.2010/271This study was supported by Ataturk University BAP head office (2010/271)

Determination of chemical composition and genotoxic effects of essential oil obtained from Nepeta nuda on Zea mays seedlings

PubMed ID: 22312034We aimed to determine the genotoxic potential of essential oil (EO) obtained from Nepeta nuda. The chemical content of EO was measured via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The most abundant contents were 4a?,7?,7a?-nepetalactone (18.10%), germacrene (15.68%) and elemol (14.38%). For genotoxic effects of EO, Zea mays’ seeds were exposed to four different concentrations of this oil. Inhibition of root and stem growth were observed with an increase in EO concentrations. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was used to determine the genotoxic effects of EO. Some changes occurred in RAPD profiles of germinated EO-treated seeds. Even though total soluble protein quantity vary, the data observed from the protein profiles of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that there was a little differentiation between band profiles of treated samples and control group. We concluded that the basis of interactions between plants, like allelopathy, may be related with genotoxic effects of EO. © 2012, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved

Antibacterial activity and chemical composition of essential oil obtained from Nepeta nuda against phytopathogenic bacteria

The increase in agricultural production can be possible with the discovery and utilization of chemical compounds for plant disease control. However, indiscriminate use of chemical compounds against microorganisms causes many negative side effects on environment and mammalian health. Therefore, we aimed to find a new natural antimicrobial product from medicinal plants against phytopathogenic bacteria. In this study, the essential oil (EO) of Nepeta nuda was isolated by the hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition of the EO was analyzed by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS), as its biological activity was connected to its content. Then, the antibacterial property of EO was evaluated against twenty phytopathogenic bacteria. Nepeta contains 4aa,7?,7aa-nepetalactone (18.10%), germacrene (15.68%), elemol (14.38%), ?-caryophyllene (8.81%), spathulenol (6.14%) and cubenol (5.10%) as major components. In conclusion, the present study is valuable for future investigations on controlling plant pathogenic bacteria. © 2013 Taylor and Francis

The Use of Essential Oils of Origanum Rotundifolium as Antimicrobial Agent Against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract: In this study, the antibacterial effect of Origanum rotundifolium Boiss’s essential oil was evaluated against 20 plant pathogenic bacteria. The essential oil (EO) of O. rotundifolium was hydrodistillated from wild O. rotundifolium plants that grown in Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Then, 10 chemical compounds of EO were identified via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main compounds were determined as thymol (40.86%-GC), carvacrol (43.62%), p-cymene (5.95%) and borneol (2.49%). According to the results of the study, the essential oil of O. rotundifolium exhibits considerable antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria that cause significantly crop loss. © 2016 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons

Phenotyping and Genotyping Characterization of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Retail Beef in Erzurum, Turkey

In this study, phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Salmonella strains was carried out. Isolates were obtained from 140 different minced beef samples, taken from slaughterhouses and butcher shops in the vicinity of Erzurum, by using chromogenic media. For this purpose, fatty acid profiles, BIOLOG, ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR and (GTG)(5)-PCR methods were used. As a result of isolation study, Salmonella spp. was detected in 4 samples out of 140 minced beef samples. Depending on the data of fatty acid analysis, it was detected that there were 14 different fatty acids in the examined 15 bacterial strains. In the results of analyses by using BIOLOG system, all of the test organisms gave identification result as Salmonella group 1 and it was determined that this method is inefficient for serotype level detection. Several primer sets, targeting the repetitive DNA elements of REP, ERIC and (GTG)(5),were evaluated and it was detected that for identification and taxonomic characterization of S. typhimurium strains, the ERIC primers were the most reliable technique. Hence, as a promising genotypic tool, rep-PCR fingerprinting using the ERIC and REP primers can be used for the identification and characterization of Salmonella isolates species to serotype level

Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils of Two Species of Lamiaceae Against Phytopathogenic Bacteria

PubMed ID: 26373171In this study, we aimed to determine chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Satureja hortensis and Calamintha nepeta against to 20 phytopathogenic bacteria causing serious crop loss. The essential oils of S. hortensis and C. nepeta were isolated by the hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition of the essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial properties of the essential oils were evaluated against 20 phytopathogenic bacteria through Disc diffusion assay and micro dilution assay. The results revealed that the essential oils of S. hortensis and C. nepeta have significant antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the findings of the study are valuable for future investigations focusing on the alternative natural compounds to control plant diseases. © 2015 Polish Journal of Microbiology

Determination of chemical composition and antibacterial properties of essential oil of Mentha longifolia ssp. Longifolia against phytopathogenic bacteria

In the present study, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of Mentha longifolia L. Hudson ssp. longifolia (ML) and the antibacterial activity of the EO against phtopathogenic bacteria were determined. The EO of ML that grown in Eastern Anatolia was isolated by the hydrodistillation method and analyzed by GC-MS. According to GC analysis of the chemical composition of the EO of ML, it consisted of 12 identified components. Major components of the oil were cis-Piperitone epoxide (26.52%-GC), Piperitenone oxide (26.40%) and Pulegone (15.66%). The antibacterial activity of the EO was also tested against 20 phtopathogenic bacteria. In general, the oil had antibacterial activity at a wide spectrum on the growth of phtopathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, the results revealed that the EO of ML have significant antibacterial activity, and the findings of the present study are valuable for further investigations focusing on controlling plant pathogenic bacteria that cause crop loss. © 2012 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved

Molecular Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Retail Beef in Erzurum, Turkey

Ground meat is the leading fresh meat product for microbial contamination when considered by physical properties and preparation conditions. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Escherichia coli 0157 strains isolated from one hundred and forty meat samples obtained from retail markets and butchers, Erzurum, Turkey. As a result %5 of meat samples are determined to contain target microorganism. Fatty acid profiles, metabolic fingerprints (BIOLOG), ERIC-PCR, REP-PCR, BOX-PCR and (GTG)(5)-PCR profiling methods were used for the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of O157:H7 isolates. The data of fatty acid analysis showed the presence of 20 different fatty acids in the 13 bacterial strains examined. All test strains were identified up to E. coli species level with Biolog system. After evaluating several primer sets targeting the repetitive DNA elements of REP, ERIC, BOX and (GTG)(5), the ERIC and (GTG)(5) primers were found to be the most reliable technique for identification and taxonomic characterization of E. coli 0157:H7 strains. Therefore, rep-PCR fingerprinting using the ERIC and (GTG)(5) primers can be considered as a promising genotypic tool for the identification and characterization of E. coli from species to serotype level