Keragaman Genetik Dan Pendugaan Jumlah Gen Ketahanan Kacang Panjang (Vigna Sinensis L.) Terhadap Penyakit Kuning

Penyakit kuning pada kacang panjang berdampak pada penurunan produksi. Gejala serangan diawali dari gejala daun keriting serta mengakibatkan polong berwarna kuning. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui nilai heritabilitas dan ragam genetik serta menduga jumlah gen pengendali ketahanan kacang panjang terhadap penyakit kuning. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kediri pada bulan April sampai Juli 2013. Bahan penelitian adalah populasi UB 715 A (P1), Hitam Putih (P2), populasi F1 dan populasi F2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, populasi UB 715 A (P1 ) menunjukkan respon tahan terhadap penyakit kuning, populasi Hitam Putih (P2) menunjukkan respon rentan, dan populasi F1 dan F2 menunjukkan respon sedang. Karakter jumlah polong dan jumlah biji per tanaman memiliki keragaman yang sempit sedangkan karakter panjang polong, bobot segar polong, umur berbunga, dan umur panen memiliki keragaman yang luas. Karakter panjang polong dan jumlah biji per polong memiliki nilai heritabilitas rendah, sedangkan karakter jumlah polong, bobot segar polong, umur berbunga, dan umur panen memiliki nilai heritabilitas tinggi. Rasio sifat ketahanan terhadap penyakit kuning pada populasi F2 adalah 9 tahan : 3 sedang : 4 rentan yang berarti ketahanan terhadap penyakit kuning dikendalikan oleh dua gen dengan aksi gen epistasis resesif

Data_Sheet_1_Mediating roles of college teaching self-efficacy in job stress and job satisfaction among Chinese university teachers.pdf

Colleges and universities have been experiencing high rates of faculty turnover across countries, and hiring and retaining influential faculty members is a constant challenge that higher education institutions have encountered. Job stress and job satisfaction are stable predictors that psychologically determine teachers’ persistence in their institutions. The present study aimed to extend understanding of a mediating effect of college teaching self-efficacy (CTSE) on the relationship between faculty job stress and job satisfaction. Data collected from 455 Chinese university teachers were analyzed using structural equation moderated mediation models. CTSE was an effective mediator in alleviating the negative relationship between job stress and job satisfaction. Our finding from a moderated mediation model suggests that the mediation effect of CTSE did not differ by teaching experience, ranks, gender, and workload. However, the significant covariate effect of teaching experience incorporated in the mediation effect implies that teachers with more teaching experiences may have greater teaching self-efficacy, which may positively change the perceptions of job stress and job satisfaction. By way of discussion, we provided evidence regarding current trends and underlying psychological reasons for university teachers’ dissatisfaction which might be useful for educators, university administrators, and policymakers framing policy and institutional decisions. Some impractical implications are further discussed.</p

Validation of AS events in the Asian lotus transcriptome.

<p>(A) Validation of AS in NNU_25229-RA. (B) Validation of IR in NNU_21858-RA. (C) Validation of AE in NNU_17825-RA.</p

Summary of gene number identified from the Asian lotus transcriptome.

<p>(A) Venn diagram of genes expressed in the four cultivars. (B) Correlations between detected genes number and reads number in the four cultivars.</p

Number and type of SNPs identified from the Asian lotus transcriptome.

<p>(A) Venn diagram of SNPs discovered from the four cultivars. (B) Comparison of SNP number between our study (I) and the previous study of Zhang et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0125702#pone.0125702.ref016" target="_blank">16</a>] who discovered SNP by RAD-Seq technology (II). (C) Summary of SNP types identified from the Asian lotus transcriptome.</p

Classification of identified SNPs.

<p>Intergenic SNPs were identified from regions between genes, while Downstream and Upstream represents SNPs identified from regions of downstream and upstream of the genes.</p><p>Classification of identified SNPs.</p

Statistics of RNA-Seq clean reads and mapped reads ratio against in the lotus reference genome.

<p>Statistics of RNA-Seq clean reads and mapped reads ratio against in the lotus reference genome.</p

SNP distribution among scaffolds and genes.

<p>(A) Distribution of expressed SNPs on the top ten scaffold. (B) Number of SNP per gene.</p

Numbers of AS events and distribution in the lotus Genome.

<p>(A) Venn diagram of AS events discovered from the four datasets. (B) Correlations of AS event number with expressed gene number. (C) Correlations of AS frequency with expressed gene number. (D) Distribution of AS events in the lotus genome.</p

Facilitation or disengagement? Attention bias in facial affect processing after short-term violent video game exposure

<div><p>Previous research has been inconsistent on whether violent video games exert positive and/or negative effects on cognition. In particular, attentional bias in facial affect processing after violent video game exposure continues to be controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate attentional bias in facial recognition after short term exposure to violent video games and to characterize the neural correlates of this effect. In order to accomplish this, participants were exposed to either neutral or violent video games for 25 min and then event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during two emotional search tasks. The first search task assessed attentional facilitation, in which participants were required to identify an emotional face from a crowd of neutral faces. In contrast, the second task measured disengagement, in which participants were required to identify a neutral face from a crowd of emotional faces. Our results found a significant presence of the ERP component, N2pc, during the facilitation task; however, no differences were observed between the two video game groups. This finding does not support a link between attentional facilitation and violent video game exposure. Comparatively, during the disengagement task, N2pc responses were not observed when participants viewed happy faces following violent video game exposure; however, a weak N2pc response was observed after neutral video game exposure. These results provided only inconsistent support for the disengagement hypothesis, suggesting that participants found it difficult to separate a neutral face from a crowd of emotional faces.</p></div