Host fidelity of <i>Adelphocoris</i> spp. between the winter and the spring.

a<p>The total number of host plants includes the previously recorded hosts <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059000#pone.0059000-Lu2" target="_blank">[11]</a>, the recently found winter hosts <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059000#pone.0059000-Lu4" target="_blank">[15]</a>, the recently found spring hosts (present study), and the recently found summer hosts (Lu YH, Unpublished data).</p>b<p>The overwinter host range is reported by <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059000#pone.0059000-Lu4" target="_blank">[15]</a>.</p>c<p>Number of spring hosts determined in the present study.</p>d<p>Number of overwinter hosts <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059000#pone.0059000-Lu4" target="_blank">[15]</a> used as spring hosts in this study.</p

Potenciál využití otevřených dat v městském plánování

Otevřená data jsou data sbíraná veřejnými institucemi, která jsou volně dostupná na internetu a distribuována v počítačově čitelném formátu. To umožňuje a zjednodušuje jejich další využití třetími stranami. Tato veřejná data je možné dále zpracovávat pro nejrůznější aplikace zjednodušující veřejnou participaci a orientaci ve městě. Jaká města se již k otevřeným datům připojila a která data nejčastěji otvírají? Tento příspěvek podá přehled o situaci stavu využívání otevřených dat u českých a slovenských měst.Open data are collected by public institutions and freely distributed online in computer readible format. This enable third parties to further use data for various appllications or participatory processes in the city. Which cities had already joined the open data concept and what kind of information they mostly open? This paper brings an overview to open data situation in Czech and Slovak cities

Comparison of the population density of each <i>Adelphocoris</i> species on different plant species.

<p>Data are shown as mean ± SE. Different letters denote significant differences between plant species. The gray arrows indicate that the plant species are both overwinter and spring hosts for a specific <i>Adelphocoris</i> sp. Plant species: 1 <i>Abutilon theophrasti</i> Medic., 2 <i>Amorpha fruticosa</i> L., 3 <i>Artemisia annua</i> L., 4 <i>Artemisia argyi</i> Levl. et Vant., 5 <i>Artemisia lavandulaefolia</i> DC. Prodr., 6 <i>Artemisia scoparia</i> Waldst. et Kit., 7 <i>Calystegia hederacea</i> Wall., 8 <i>Cephalanoplos setosum</i> (Willd.) Kitam., 9 <i>Chenopodium album</i> L., 10 <i>Chenopodium glaucum</i> L., 11 <i>Chenopodium serotinum</i> L., 12 <i>Cirsium setosum</i> (Willd.) MB., 13 <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cuss., 14 <i>Convolvulus arvensis</i> L., 15 <i>Crataegus pinnatifida</i> Bge., 16 <i>Heteropappus altaicus</i> (Willd.) Novopokr., 17 <i>Humulus scandens</i> (Lour.) Merr., 18 <i>Kochia scoparia</i> (L.) Schrad., 19 <i>Lagopsis supina</i> (Steph.) Ik.-Gal. ex Knorr., 20 <i>Leonurus sibiricus</i> L., 21 <i>Lepidium sativum</i> L., 22 <i>Medicago sativa</i> L., 23 <i>Melilotus suaveolens</i> Ledeb., 24 <i>Metaplexis japonica</i> (Thunb.) Makino, 25 <i>Morus alba</i> L., 26 <i>Plantago depressa</i> Willd., 27 <i>Prunus armeniaca</i> L., 28 <i>Prunus persica</i> (L.) Batsch, 29 <i>Pyrus bretschneideri</i> Rehd., 30 <i>Rehmannia glutinosa</i> Libosch., 31 <i>Rubia cordifolia</i> L., 32 <i>Salsola collina</i> Pall., 33 <i>Sonchus oleraceus</i> L., 34 <i>Salvia plebeia</i> R. Br., 35 <i>Taraxacum mongolicum</i> Hand.-Mazz., 36 <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L., 37 <i>Ulmus pumila</i> L., 38 <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L., 39 <i>Xanthium sibiricum</i> Patrin ex Widder, 40 <i>Ziziphus jujuba</i> Mill.</p

Landscape diversity index (Simpson’s <i>D</i>) and the proportion of other landscape variables at four spatial scales across all 33 sites.

<p>Landscape diversity index (Simpson’s <i>D</i>) and the proportion of other landscape variables at four spatial scales across all 33 sites.</p

<i>P</i> values from simple linear regression analyses of the relationships between <i>A. lucorum</i> nymph abundance in the spring and (1) weather conditions in the spring and (N) and (2) <i>A. lucorum</i> adult abundance the previous fall (N-1).

<p>Note: Fall was defined as the period between early and mid September, and spring as the period between mid April to mid May.</p

The toxicities of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> moths after treated by 5 different insecticides following 24 h exposure at the concentration of 100 and 1 mg a.i. L^-1.

<p>The toxicities of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> moths after treated by 5 different insecticides following 24 h exposure at the concentration of 100 and 1 mg a.i. L^-1.</p

Enantioselective Halo-oxy- and Halo-azacyclizations Induced by Chiral Amidophosphate Catalysts and Halo-Lewis Acids

Catalytic enantioselective halocyclization of 2-alkenylphenols and enamides have been achieved through the use of chiral amidophosphate catalysts and halo-Lewis acids. Density functional theory calculations suggested that the Lewis basicity of the catalyst played an important role in the reactivity and enantioselectivity. The resulting chiral halogenated chromans can be transformed to α-Tocopherol, α-Tocotrienol, Daedalin A and Englitazone in short steps. Furthermore, a halogenated product with an unsaturated side chain may provide polycyclic adducts under radical cyclization conditions

Hatching dynamics of overwintering <i>A. lucorum</i> eggs soaked for 4 h under different laboratory conditions.

<p>(a) Mid April. (b) Late April. (c) Early May.</p

The linear relationships between rainfall and the abundance of <i>A. lucorum</i> 1^st-instar nymphs and nymphs of all stages in a Chinese date orchard during 2009–2013.

<p>Linear model: (a) 1^st-instar nymphs: y = 0.2848 + 0.0025 ×; <i>F</i> = 16.82; df = 1,3; <i>P</i> = 0.0262. (b) nymphs of all stages: y = 0.6899 + 0.0025 ×; <i>F</i> = 24.08; df = 1,3; <i>P</i> = 0.0162.</p

<i>F</i>- and <i>P</i>-values from the Analyses of Variance tests of the effects of temperature, relative humidity and rainfall (simulated via soaking) on the hatching rate of overwintering <i>A. lucorum</i> eggs.

<p>df = degrees of freedom.</p