Flashlight Europe, 19.12.2016 - After the UK has Withdrawn from the EU. What are the Options for Trade?

The British decision to withdraw from the European Union makes it necessary to renegotiate trade relations between the EU and the United Kingdom from scratch. At the same time the trade agreements that the EU has concluded with non-EU states will no longer apply to the UK

Effects of Dietary Cholesterol Levels on the Growth, Molt Performance, and Immunity of Juvenile Swimming Crab, Portunus trituberculatus

The effects of dietary cholesterol levels on growth, molt performance, and immunity of juvenile swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, were investigated at four cholesterol levels (0.2%-1.4%) of purified diets. Each diet was fed in triplicate to 18 crabs per replicate for 50 days. Crabs fed the diet with 1.0% cholesterol showed significantly higher (P<0.05) specific growth rate (SGR) than the other groups, who suffered from relatively lower molt death syndrome (MDS). Cholesterol content in the serum, whole body, and hepatopancreas increased in relation to dietary cholesterol. Muscle lipid content was significantly higher (P<0.05) in crabs fed the diet with 0.2% cholesterol compared to the other treatments. Crabs fed moderate dietary cholesterol levels showed higher alkaline phosphatase (AKP) or acid phosphatase (ACP) levels than those fed 0.2% or 1.4% cholesterol diets. The present study also showed that dietary cholesterol supplementation generally increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Overall, moderate dietary cholesterol (1.0 %) enhanced the performance of growth, survival, molting, and immunity of juvenile swimming crab P. trituberculatus

Development of Novel Synthetic Methodologies for Fluorinated Compounds and the Applications in Pharmaceutical and Catalysis

名古屋工業大学博士(工学)Doctor of Engineering主査：柴田　哲男doctoral thesi

First Evaluation of the Climatological Calibration Algorithm in the Real-time TMPA Precipitation Estimates over Two Basins at High and Low Latitudes

The TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) system underwent a crucial upgrade in early 2009 to include a climatological calibration algorithm (CCA) to its realtime product 3B42RT, and this algorithm will continue to be applied in the future Global Precipitation Measurement era constellation precipitation products. In this study, efforts are focused on the comparison and validation of the Version 6 3B42RT estimates before and after the climatological calibration is applied. The evaluation is accomplished using independent rain gauge networks located within the high-latitude Laohahe basin and the low-latitude Mishui basin, both in China. The analyses indicate the CCA can effectively reduce the systematic errors over the low-latitude Mishui basin but misrepresent the intensity distribution pattern of medium-high rain rates. This behavior could adversely affect TMPA's hydrological applications, especially for extreme events (e.g., floods and landslides). Results also show that the CCA tends to perform slightly worse, in particular, during summer and winter, over the high-latitude Laohahe basin. This is possibly due to the simplified calibration-processing scheme in the CCA that directly applies the climatological calibrators developed within 40 degrees latitude to the latitude belts of 40 degrees N-50 degrees N. Caution should therefore be exercised when using the calibrated 3B42RT for heavy rainfall-related flood forecasting (or landslide warning) over high-latitude regions, as the employment of the smooth-fill scheme in the CCA bias correction could homogenize the varying rainstorm characteristics. Finally, this study highlights that accurate detection and estimation of snow at high latitudes is still a challenging task for the future development of satellite precipitation retrievals

Properties Analysis of Spent Commercial Residue Hydrotreating Catalyst: Surface Property Changes of Spent Catalysts in Commercial Residue Hydrotreating Unit

In this study, the changes of the surface properties of 14 spent catalysts, which were sampled from a commercial residue hydrotreating unit at the end of an operation cycle, were analyzed and compared with the corresponding fresh catalysts. It was found that the changes in the surface properties do not have change laws along the bed height. Furthermore, the pore size, pore volume and surface area of most of the catalysts decreased after reaction and the number of micropores of the spent catalysts increased, due to the fact that the coke and metals deposited in the catalyst to alter the pore distribution. But some catalysts with high coke content, the pore size and pore volume decreased with the increase of surface area, which was a result of the forming of massive micro/mesopores (the pore size is mainly ranged from 3 to 10 nm), when partial soft coke desorbed under the action of the deposited active metals and micro/mesopores were formed in macropores or large mesopores. The surface properties of the spent catalysts were not only related to the deposition amounts, but also to the deposition configurations of the coke and metals on the catalysts