2-(4-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)acetonitrile

The title compound, C10H7ClN2, contains two approximately planar mol­ecules, A and B (r.m.s. deviations = 0.039 and 0.064 Å, respectively) in the asymmetric unit. In the crystal, N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into C(7) chains of alternating A and B mol­ecules propagating along the a-axis direction. The crystal used for the data collection was found to be a racemic twin

4-Nitro­isophthalic acid

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C8H5NO6, both carboxyl groups are involved in inter­molecular centrosymmetric cyclic O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding associations, which give a zigzag chain structure extending along (21). Weak π–π stacking inter­actions are also present [minimum ring centroid separation = 3.893 (4) Å]

2,4-Dibromo-6-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]phenol

In the title compound, C7H5Br4NO2, intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are observed. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into dimers

Identifying association under a previous linkage peak on chromosome 16 for body mass index using cross-sectional and longitudinal data of the Framingham Heart Study

We performed association analysis under a previous linkage peak on chromosome 16 with genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to identify genetic variants underlying body mass index (BMI). Data from all subjects with baseline measures and a subgroup who had complete data at four selected time points from the Framingham Heart Study were analyzed. The cross-sectional measures include BMI at baseline for all subjects, as well as BMI at selected time points for the subgroup. The longitudinal measure is the within-subject mean of BMI for the subgroup at the four time points

Dual-Octave Convolution for Accelerated Parallel MR Image Reconstruction

Magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisition is an inherently prolonged process, whose acceleration by obtaining multiple undersampled images simultaneously through parallel imaging has always been the subject of research. In this paper, we propose the Dual-Octave Convolution (Dual-OctConv), which is capable of learning multi-scale spatial-frequency features from both real and imaginary components, for fast parallel MR image reconstruction. By reformulating the complex operations using octave convolutions, our model shows a strong ability to capture richer representations of MR images, while at the same time greatly reducing the spatial redundancy. More specifically, the input feature maps and convolutional kernels are first split into two components (i.e., real and imaginary), which are then divided into four groups according to their spatial frequencies. Then, our Dual-OctConv conducts intra-group information updating and inter-group information exchange to aggregate the contextual information across different groups. Our framework provides two appealing benefits: (i) it encourages interactions between real and imaginary components at various spatial frequencies to achieve richer representational capacity, and (ii) it enlarges the receptive field by learning multiple spatial-frequency features of both the real and imaginary components. We evaluate the performance of the proposed model on the acceleration of multi-coil MR image reconstruction. Extensive experiments are conducted on an {in vivo} knee dataset under different undersampling patterns and acceleration factors. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our model in accelerated parallel MR image reconstruction. Our code is available at: github.com/chunmeifeng/Dual-OctConv.Comment: Proceedings of the 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) 202

Characterization of CoTiO3 Nanocrystallites Prepared by Homogeneous Precipitation Method

Nanocrystalline cobalt titanate (CoTiO3) has been synthesized from a well-mixed precursor. The precursor was prepared by a homogeneous precipitation method, in which urea was used as the precipitator. The as-synthesized sample is a mixture of CoTiO3 and rutile nanocrystallites with mean sizes of around 50 nm. It strongly absorbs visible light in the wavelength range of 500-690 nm besides ultraviolet light (wavelength < 370 nm). We found the synthetic CoTiO3 is a semiconducting material with a direct band gap of 2.53 eV. The green CoTiO3 has two absorbance peaks at the wavelengths of 537 and 606 nm, which correspond to the photon energies of 2.31 and 2.05 eV, respectively. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3195

Effect of institutional quality and foreign direct investment on economic growth and environmental quality: evidence from African countries

This study applies the method of the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) method and the vector error correction model (VECM) to explore whether institutional quality (IQ) and foreign direct investment (FDI) promoted economic growth (EG) and environmental quality (EQ) in oil-producing and non-oil-producing African countries from 1999 to 2017. The FMOLS findings demonstrate that IQ significantly promoted EG and improved EQ in the non-oil-producing countries, however it only improved EQ and showed no significant impact on EG in oil-producing countries. FDI significantly promoted EG to a higher extent in oil-producing countries than in non-oil-producing countries, but it presented no significant impact on EQ in both groups. The VECM results reveal that (i) two-way causation among IQ and EG, IQ and EQ, FDI and EG, and FDI and EQ was occurred in both groups, in the long-run. (ii) two-way causation among FDI and EQ and one-way causation from FDI to EG was observed in non-oil-producing countries in the short-run. Moreover, two-way causation among IQ and EG, and one-way causation from IQ to EQ were observed in non-oilproducing countries. To realize the sustainable development of economy and environment, a series of policy suggestions have been discussed