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Significance of PRO2000/ANCCA expression, a novel proliferation-associated protein in hepatocellular carcinoma
BACKGROUND: PRO2000/ANCCA may be an important candidate gene which located within a region of chromosome 8q in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its significance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical significance of PRO2000/ANCCA expression in HCC. METHODS: The correlations of PRO2000/ANCCA expression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of HCC patients were analyzed. Expression of PRO2000/ANCCA, ki-67, cyclinD1, p53 and p21 was detected in HCCs from 107 patients along with corresponding non-tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: PRO2000/ANCCA expression was present in 66 of 107 (64.94%) HCC specimens in which 36 of 76 (47.37%) in well differentiated tumors and 30 of 31 (96.77%) in poorly differentiated tumors respectively, while 8 (7.48%) in adjacent non-tumor tissues with scattered positive cells. PRO2000/ANCCA expression was associated with clinicopathological features such as histological differentiation, number of tumor nodules, TNM stage, tumor microsatellite, portal vein tumor thrombus and recurrence, but not with gender, age, tumor size, cirrhosis, HBV infection and serum fetoprotein (AFP) level. There was a close relationship between PRO2000/ANCCA and ki-67 and cyclinD1 in HCC. PRO2000/ANCCA immunopositivity was independent of p53 and p21(WAF1/Cip1). CONCLUSIONS: Increased expression of PRO2000/ANCCA is associated with adverse outcome in patients with HCC and is a predictor of poor prognosis for HCC. PRO2000/ANCCA may be involved in the development of HCC and might promote cell proliferation through a p53/ P21(WAF1/Cip1)-independent pathway
Temporal Evolution of the Magnetic Topology of the NOAA Active Region 11158
We studied the temporal evolution of the magnetic topology of the active
region (AR) 11158 based on the reconstructed three-dimensional magnetic fields
in the corona. The \nlfff\ extrapolation method was applied to the 12 minutes
cadence data obtained with the \hmi\ (HMI) onboard the \sdo\ (SDO) during five
days. By calculating the squashing degree factor Q in the volume, the derived
quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) show that this AR has an overall topology,
resulting from a magnetic quadrupole, including an hyperbolic flux tube (HFT)
configuration which is relatively stable at the time scale of the flare ( hours). A strong QSL, which corresponds to some highly sheared arcades
that might be related to the formation of a flux rope, is prominent just before
the M6.6 and X2.2 flares, respectively. These facts indicate the close
relationship between the strong QSL and the high flare productivity of AR
11158. In addition, with a close inspection of the topology, we found a
small-scale HFT which has an inverse tear-drop structure above the
aforementioned QSL before the X2.2 flare. It indicates the existence of
magnetic flux rope at this place. Even though a global configuration (HFT) is
recognized in this AR, it turns out that the large-scale HFT only plays a
secondary role during the eruption. In final, we dismiss a trigger based on the
breakout model and highlight the central role of the flux rope in the related
eruption.Comment: Accepted by Ap
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