Low Expression of DYRK2 (Dual Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulated Kinase 2) Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2) is a member of dual-specificity kinase family, which could phosphorylate both Ser/Thr and Tyr substrates. The role of DYRK2 in human cancer remains controversial. For example, overexpression of DYRK2 predicts a better survival in human non-small cell lung cancer. In contrast, amplification of DYRK2 gene occurs in esophageal/lung adenocarcinoma, implying the role of DYRK2 as a potential oncogene. However, its clinical role in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been explored. In this study, we analyzed the expression of DYRK2 from Oncomine database and found that DYRK2 level is lower in primary or metastatic CRC compared to adjacent normal colon tissue or non-metastatic CRC, respectively, in 6 colorectal carcinoma data sets. The correlation between DYRK2 expression and clinical outcome in 181 CRC patients was also investigated by real-time PCR and IHC. DYRK2 expression was significantly down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues compared with adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Functional studies confirmed that DYRK2 inhibited cell invasion and migration in both HCT116 and SW480 cells and functioned as a tumor suppressor in CRC cells. Furthermore, the lower DYRK2 levels were correlated with tumor sites (P = 0.023), advanced clinical stages (P = 0.006) and shorter survival in the advanced clinical stages. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that DYRK2 expression was an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001). Taking all, we concluded that DYRK2 a novel prognostic biomarker of human colorectal cancer

Performance evaluation of Bragg coherent diffraction imaging

In this study,we present a numerical framework for modeling three-dimensional (3D) diffraction data in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BraggCDI) experiments and evaluating the quality of obtained 3D complex-valued real-space images recovered by reconstruction algorithms under controlled conditions. The approach is used to systematically explore the performance and the detection limit of this phase-retrieval-based microscopy tool. The numerical investigation suggests that the superb performance of Bragg CDI is achieved with an oversampling ratio above 30 and a detection dynamic range above 6 orders. The observed performance degradation subject to the data binning processes is also studied. This numerical tool can be used to optimize experimental parameters and has the potential to significantly improve the throughput of Bragg CDI method

Artifact mitigation of ptychography integrated with on-the-fly scanning probe microscopy

We report our experiences with conducting ptychography simultaneously with the X-ray fluorescence measurement using the on-the-fly mode for efficient multi-modality imaging. We demonstrate that the periodic artifact inherent to the raster scan pattern can be mitigated using a sufficiently fine scan step size to provide an overlap ratio of >70%. This allows us to obtain transmitted phase contrast images with enhanced spatial resolution from ptychography while maintaining the fluorescence imaging with continuous-motion scans on pixelated grids. This capability will greatly improve the competence and throughput of scanning probe X-ray microscopy

Evaluation of the modified chimney performance to replace mechanical ventilation system for livestock housing

The demand of poultry products and prices are increasing very rapidly. Therefore, modern poultry industry is using mechanical ventilation system in closed housing to support the increased growth rate of the birds. Ventilation system is used to produce the healthier and quality broiler by reducing indoor air pollutant concentration and temperature. Currently, the price of fossil fuel is increasing day by day; therefore, minimization of overall cost of poultry production needs reduction in energy consumption or introduction of cheaper and alternative energy sources. Although solar heating system is used in broiler industries during winter but limited research was done on natural wind-driven ventilation system. In the current study, natural draft chimney was modified with wire mesh screen and was designed for the enhanced ventilation. In laboratory, it was found that the modified chimney significantly minimized the draft losses and increased the ventilation rate up to 60 to 90 percent compared to the normal conventional chimney. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) showed that the chimney performance was significantly improved in the modified solar chimney than that in the normal one. It is suggested that modified solar chimney can be used to replace the mechanical ventilation system in poultry farming to reduce the production cost as well to meet the demand of animal protein for human beings

Resilient routing mechanism for wireless sensor networks with deep learning link reliability prediction

Wireless sensor networks play an important role in Internet of Things systems and services but are prone and vulnerable to poor communication channel quality and network attacks. In this paper we are motivated to propose resilient routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks. The main idea is to exploit the link reliability along with other traditional routing metrics for routing algorithm design. We proposed firstly a novel deep-learning based link prediction model, which jointly exploits Weisfeiler-Lehman kernel and Dual Convolutional Neural Network (WL-DCNN) for lightweight subgraph extraction and labelling. It is leveraged to enhance self-learning ability of mining topological features with strong generality. Experimental results demonstrate that WL-DCNN outperforms all the studied 9 baseline schemes over 6 open complex networks datasets. The performance of AUC (Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve) is improved by 16% on average. Furthermore, we apply the WL-DCNN model in the design of resilient routing for wireless sensor networks, which can adaptively capture topological features to determine the reliability of target links, especially under the situations of routing table suffering from attack with varying degrees of damage to local link community. It is observed that, compared with other classical routing baselines, the proposed routing algorithm with link reliability prediction module can effectively improve the resilience of sensor networks while reserving high-energy-efficiency

Performance evaluation of Bragg coherent diffraction imaging

In this study, we present a numerical framework for modeling three-dimensional (3D) diffraction data in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (Bragg CDI) experiments and evaluating the quality of obtained 3D complex-valued real-space images recovered by reconstruction algorithms under controlled conditions. The approach is used to systematically explore the performance and the detection limit of this phase-retrieval-based microscopy tool. The numerical investigation suggests that the superb performance of Bragg CDI is achieved with an oversampling ratio above 30 and a detection dynamic range above 6 orders. The observed performance degradation subject to the data binning processes is also studied. This numerical tool can be used to optimize experimental parameters and has the potential to significantly improve the throughput of Bragg CDI method

Extending the depth of field for ptychography using complex-valued wavelets

Ptychography is a scanning variation of the coherent diffractive imaging method for providing high-resolution quantitative images from specimen with extended dimensions. Its capability of achieving diffraction-limited spatial resolution can be compromised by the sample thickness, which is generally required to be thinner than the depth of field of the imaging system. In this Letter, we present a method to extend the depth of field for ptychography by numerically generating the focus stack from reconstructions with propagated illumination wavefronts and combining the in-focus features to a single sharp image using an algorithm based on the complex-valued discrete wavelet transform. This approach does not require repeated measurements by translating the sample along the optical axis as in the conventional focus stacking method, and offers a computation-efficient alternative to obtain high-resolution images with extended depth of fields, complementary to the multi-slice ptychography

Extending the depth of field for ptychography using complex-valued wavelets (vol 44, pg 503, 2019)

This publisher’s note corrects an error in Eq. (3) of Opt. Lett. 44, 503 (2019)