The unusual presentation of sertoli-leydig cell tumor: a case report

Sertoli cell tumor is very rare variety of ovarian Sertoli‐Leydig cell tumors. Due to nonspecific clinical and imaging features, diagnosis is often made after histopathological examination. Sertoli cell tumors usually presents with the features of virilization. The prognosis is excellent as most are detected in the early stages and surgical resection is often curative in most cases. Here we present a case of Sertoli Cell tumor, where no feature of virilization was present.

Association of serum beta-hCG and urine albumin-creatinine ratio with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

Background: Preeclampsia with or without severe symptoms, chronic hypertension with or without superimposed pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, gestational hypertension, HELLP syndrome, or eclampsia all pose a significant risk of morbidity for both the mother and the unborn child. The aim of this study was to investigate if the albumin-to-creatinine ratio in urine spots and the serum beta-hCG level correlate with the hypertensive illness of pregnancy.” Method: “The current inquiry was conducted during the months of October 2020 and August 2022 at the obstetrics and gynaecology department of Subharti medical college in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The study was not open to women who were more than 20 weeks pregnant, had gestational diabetes mellitus, had more than one pregnancy, had chronic hypertension, chronic renal disease, chronic liver disease, cardiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, or haematological illnesses. We measured the levels of serum beta hCG and the urine albumin-creatinine ratio, and we compared them between the groups.” Results:  After ensuring that each participant had given their informed permission, the trial comprised a total of 200 patients. In the hypertensive group of the participants in the study, 31% were between the ages of 21 and 35, and 29% were less than 20 years old. With increased beta hCG and UACR, there was a higher incidence of hypertensive retinopathy, acute renal failure, DIC, and PPH among the patients, as well as the poorest fetal outcomes. (p<0.05) Conclusions: The presence of a substantial relationship between hypertensive diseases and raised levels of beta-hCG during pregnancy, as well as a greater ratio of urine albumin to creatinine.  There is a considerable increase in the incidence of fetal growth retardation, preterm, and mortality occurring within the uterus among mothers who have higher levels of beta-hCG and urine ACR

A case report on serous cyst fibroadenoma of ovary

A 16-year-old unmarried female patient presented to the Subharti hospital with a lump in her abdomen that had been there for one year. For the previous two months, there had been abdominal pain. Constipation, intermittent fever, and vomiting were all present. A mass of around 25×25 cm (approximately) was found on per-abdominal examination, which was firm in consistency, non-tender, afebrile to touch with smooth borders, and restricted mobility. On the basis of the above mentioned examination and investigation, a diagnosis of ovarian cyst with typhoid immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) positive, dengue IgG with hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) positive was made

Presentation of acute pulmonary edema in severe pre-eclamptic pregnant women: a case report

Pulmonary edema refers to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the pulmonary interstitial and alveolar spaces. It may occur in low risk pregnancies but one very important predisposing factor is association with pre-eclampsia. Acute pulmonary edema during pregnancy is very rare and occurs in 0.08% pregnancies. About 3% of severe pre-eclamptic patients develop acute pulmonary edema. Several risk factors have been identified: preeclampsia or eclampsia, use of tocolytic therapy, severe infection, cardiac disease, iatrogenic fluid overload, and multiple gestations. This case examines one such presentation and reviews some of the diagnostic possibilities

Fenugreek derived diosgenin as an emerging source for diabetic therapy

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that endangers the entire body’s tissues and organs. Diabetes impairs glucose and insulin regulation in the human body by causing pancreatic cell damage. Diabetes modifies pathways such as serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) and Protein kinase C (PKC)/- glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) glucose absorption, and inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase, Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT-1), and Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Diabetes may also be caused by a decrease in the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and its target genes, fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACC), as well as a decrease in the levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Caspase12, and Caspase3 proteins. Diabetes has long been linked to diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal, reproductive, hepatic, ocular, and renal systems. Diosgenin, a steroidal compound derived from fenugreek, aids in the prevention of diabetes by altering cellular pathways in favor of healthy bodily functions. Diosgenin is a new nutraceutical on the market that claims to cure diabetes in particular. This article focuses on diosgenin extraction and purification, fenugreek bioactive compounds, pharmacological properties of diosgenin, mode of action of diosgenin to cure diabetes, and dosages

CRP Gene Polymorphism and Their Risk Association With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

BACKGROUND: C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory marker associated with T2DM, obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease. AIM: The present study evaluates the association of CRP +1059 G/C polymorphism of the CRP gene in 100 T2D cases and 100 healthy controls. METHODS: Present study was done by allele specific PCR method to study the CRP gene polymorphism in study subjects. RESULTS: Study found that CRP (+1059 G/C) genotype distribution among case and controls was found to be significant (p=0.001), Higher CRP C allele frequency (0.16) was observed compared to controls (0.04). CRP +1059 GC and CC had 2.72 (1.12-6.61), 20.56 (1.16-362.1) risk for T2D. It has been observed, HTN, Obesity, Smoking and alcoholism was found to be associated with increased risk of T2D, and a significant difference was observed in biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION: Study concluded that CRP gene polymorphism was found to be associated with risk of Type 2 Diabetes and risk was linked with heterozygosity and mutant homozygosity. Hypertension, Obesity, Smoking and alcoholism increases the risk of occurrence of Type 2 Diabetes

CURATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH LIBRARIES

Libraries, museums and archives hold valuable collections in a variety of media, presenting a vast body of knowledge rooted in the history of human civilisation. These form the repository of the wisdom of great works by thinkers of past and the present. The holdings of these institutions are priceless heritage of the mankind as they preserve documents, ideas, and the oral and written records. To value the cultural heritage and to care for it as a treasure bequeathed to us by our ancestors is the major responsibility of libraries. The past records constitute a natural resource and are indispensable to the present generation as well as to the generations to come. Libraries preserve the documentary heritage resources for which they are primarily responsible. Any loss of such materials is simply irreplaceable. Therefore, preserving this intellectual, cultural heritage becomes not only the academic commitment but also the moral responsibility of the librarians/information scientists, who are in charge of these repositories. The high quality of the papers and the discussion represent the thinking and experience of experts in their particular fields. The contributed papers also relate to the methodology used in libraries in Asia to provide access to manuscripts and cultural heritage. The volume discusses best practices in Knowledge preservation and how to collaborate and preserve the culture. The book also deals with manuscript and archives issues in the digital era. The approach of this book is concise, comprehensively, covering all major aspects of preservation and conservation through libraries. The readership of the book is not just limited to library and information science professionals, but also for those involved in conservation, preservation, restoration or other related disciplines. The book will be useful for librarians, archivists and conservators. We thank the Sunan Kalijaga University, Special Libraries Association- Asian Chapter for their trust and their constant support, all the contributors for their submissions, the members of the Local and International Committee for their reviewing effort for making this publication possible

Prevalence and burden of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle and buffaloes in Jabalpur, India

Aim: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence and burden of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in cattle and buffaloes of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. Materials and Methods: The presence of helminths eggs and coccidial oocysts in fecal samples were detected using standard qualitative and quantitative methods. Identification of eggs or oocysts was done on the basis of morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: Out of 120 cattle and buffaloes examined, 73.33% were found positive for eggs of one or more species of GI parasite. The prevalence of parasitic infection was higher in cattle (75%) as compared to that of buffaloes (70.45%), but the difference was nonsignificant (p>0.05). Sex wise prevalence of GI parasites was higher in males as compared to that of females, but the difference was nonsignificant (p>0.05). The animals above 2 years of age were more affected by GI parasites as compared to animals of 6 months - 2 years of age, but the age wise differences were nonsignificant (p>0.05). Single parasitic infections were more common than mixed infections. The monthly prevalence of GI parasites in cattle and buffaloes were highest in the month of September (81.81%) and least in December (61.11%). The eggs/oocysts per gram in most of the animals, was in the range of 201-300. Conclusion: GI parasites are problem in cattle and buffaloes of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. The prevalence rate of GI parasites varied with month. The burden of parasitic infection was moderate in most animals warranting treatment

The impact of regular exercise on overweight metabolic syndrome in school-aged children: A literature review

To review studies that can examine whether there is any effect of physical activity on obesity. Obesity is defined as an energy deficit caused by lifestyle behaviour such as poor food habits & insufficient physical activity time, both of which are significantly linked to obesity development. Journal articles published between 2011-2021 were secured by searching computerized bibliographical databases. High evidence studies such as systemic reviews and cross-sectional studies were included. A total of 30 studies were selected. After analysing the studies, it was seen that: Physical activity has been shown to reduce obesity in children. Increased physical activity (reduced inactive behaviour) in combination with healthy eating appears to be more beneficial in lowering obesity than either a good diet or increased PA alone

N-Arylhydroxamic acids as a drug like molecule: A motif of binding mode with calf thymus DNA

215-221A drug-like molecule, which has a propensity of binding with DNA play a vital role in drug designing mechanism. In this paper, we tried to find out the DNA binding affinity of two derivatives of N-arylhydroxamic acids: (i) N-p-Chlorophenyl-2-methoxybenzohydroxamic Acid(Cl-2-MBHA) and (ii) N-p-Chlorophenyl-3-methoxybenzohydroxamic Acid (Cl-3-MBHA) with calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) by applying techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectroscopy, and Viscometry measurements. The findings concluded with experimental techniques were verified with theoretical calculation using computer-based method, Molecular Docking. Absorption spectra revealed that both the hydroxamic acids derivatives bind to ct-DNA, among two, Cl-2-MBHA exhibits the higher value of binding affinity Kb (9.52 × 103±0.08 M-1). Fluorescence spectra showed that ct-DNA successfully quenches the emission spectra of N-arylhydroxamic acid. Ethidium bromide displacement method was used as a standard for analyzing the mode of binding. Both the hydroxamic acids were found to be groove binders. The Stern–Volmer Constant was found to be 2.05 × 10-2 ± 0.001 M-1 and 3.35 × 10-2 ± 0.002 M-1 for Cl-2-MBHA and Cl-3-MBHA respectively. Theoretical analysis molecular docking was done using Hex software for validating the experimental findings. Hence, it was observed that both experimental and computational method complimented the results and deduces groove binding as the mode of interaction