EFFECTS OF AEROBICS CLASS ON WEIGHT LOSS AND BOW POSTURE FOR VARSITY STUDENTS

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of aerobic training class on weight loss for varsity students in comparison with tatami mats in the Judo room and the floor studio. Seventy-seven subjects participated in this study, after being confirmed by informed consent. The results showed that 51 subjects had lost weight, 66.2% of all. In regards %fat, 56 subjects had shown decreases, namely 72.7%. The data of the most weight loss was 5.4kg and the most %fat loss was 9.4%fat in the Judo room. In the focus on %fat loss subjects showed a statistically meaningful difference. It was suggested that an attempt of ukemi wearing a kimono with a tight belt and beautiful bow posture in back straight contributed to the effect of %fat loss in the Judo room and aerobics on tatami mats was the efficient exercise. In addition it was fruitful that each other bowed in respect in physique

Plastic Deformation of Foil Copper Crystals. II : Electron Microscopical Study

In order to study the relation between work-hardening characteristics of 10.0 and 50.8μ copper foil crystals and dislocation phenomena occurring in them, the distribution patterns of residual dislocations in the crystals have been observed as a function of strain, orientation, and specimen thickness. Dislocation tangles were found at an early stage in the deformation of a specimen that showed the lowest value of the work-hardening rate. Tangles developing only along one kind of slip planes were observed in specimens showing low work-hardening rates. On the other hand, in specimens with high hardening rates, the development of cell structure is found without exception. The structures of the cell boundaries become more complex and, at the same time, the sizes of cells decrease as the strain increases. Configurations which are thought to show the formation of sessile dislocations, and pile-ups against them were also observed. It is suggested that the cell structure is formed because of irregular and complex motions of dislocations determined by the complex internal stress field originating from dislocations accumulated during deformation

A CASE STUDY OF “K-TIE” ASSISTED INSTRUCTION KAI TO “CLAPPING HANDS” AS A RECREATION ACTIVITY

The purpose of this study was to identify the causes of rejection of papers from conference proceedings and to present guidelines to limit the number of papers rejected from the Proceedings of the XXIVth International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports hosted by the University of Salzburg, Austria. Scientists (n=95) with extensive experience in reviewing papers completed a survey. Each scientist selected their five most common reasons for rejecting papers. All scientists selected 'unsound experimental design’ and 'lack of clarity’ in one or more sections as common reasons for rejecting papers from proceedings. Other common reasons were poor identification of the problem (53), and poor analytical methods (65). Guidelines for authors arose from the study

BIOMECHANICAL FEATURES OF STRIKING MOVEMENTS ON JAPANESE DRUM

The purpose of this study is to clarify the biomechanical features of the human striking movements observed while playing the Japanese drum by three dimensional analysis. Three subjects participated in this study in order to deterimine the motion of a professional player, an experienced player and a novice player. Digital videography method was applied to each subject, regarding their maximum effort during a 15-second exercise, and measured EMG and GRF. The results showed that the biomechanical features of striking movements are to make the most of ability with the features of Taiko, through repetition of efficient strike and recovery. Moreover, the crucial point was expressed at a strike velocity of 4.42m/s and at a recovery velocity of 3.76m/s. In addition, the feature of Yoko-uchi by a professional player is a single leg striking method

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MOTION ANALYSIS OF TWO-HANDED AND WAIST BELT PULLING BACKWARD EXERCISES IN ELITE TUG OF WAR ATHLETES

In order to find the benefits of the waist belt (WB) in Tug of War (TOW) sport, the purpose of this study was to compare kinematic differences between two-handed (TH) and WB pulling backward exercises. The team that holds the gold medal record for the World Indoor TOW Championships 2004 participated in this study (N=20). According to threedimensional video analysis procedures using the direct linear transformation analysis method, the mean body center of mass (CaM) displacement during TH and WB trials were 0.7m and 1.45m, respectively. Moreover, the mean CaM speed of WB was approximately 1.6 times faster than that of TH. These results suggest that the WB had the efficacy to accomplish a given task in the pulling backward exercise. Therefore it is concluded that WB might be one of useful equipmenls in the TOW sport

Dose-Dependent Effects of Barley Cooked with White Rice on Postprandial Glucose and Desacyl Ghrelin Levels

White rice is an indispensable staple food in Japan, although it is a high glycemic index food. The objective of this study was to estimate how barley cooked with white rice might affect postprandial glucose, insulin and desacyl ghrelin concentrations as well as fullness. The study was conducted in randomized crossover design with nine healthy subjects. Blood glucose, insulin, free fatty acid and desacyl ghrelin concentrations and subjective levels of fullness and hunger were measured for 240 min after intake of glucose, white rice, 30% rolled barley (30BAR), 50% rolled barley (50BAR) and 100% rolled barley (100BAR) containing 75 g of available carbohydrate. Postprandial glucose and insulin levels were suppressed by intake of 30BAR, 50BAR and 100BAR comparing with those of white rice. Area under the curves of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations was reduced by barley intake in a dose-dependent manner. Although plasma desacyl ghrelin levels decreased postprandially, the degree of reduction was suppressed by barley intake in a dose-dependent manner. Postprandial desacyl ghrelin levels can be a sensitive biomarker of carbohydrate metabolism. The combination of white rice with barley plays a beneficial role in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes, obesity and other metabolic diseases

Protective Effect of Eicosapentaenoic Acid on Insulin Resistance in Hyperlipidemic Patients and on the Postoperative Course of Cardiac Surgery Patients: The Possible Involvement of Adiponectin

Accumulated studies have shown that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have protective roles against inflammatory responses such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Here we examined the effects of administering EPA to hyperlipidemic patients and other patients undergoing cardiac surgery to determine whether this treatment would increase plasma EPA levels and to clarify the association between EPA treatment and adiponectin production in hyperlipidemic patients. We also assessed the effect of preoperative EPA administration on postoperative adverse events such as postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) and postoperative infection in the cardiac surgery patients. The EPA administration significantly increased the serum EPA concentrations in both patient populations (p＜0.001). In the hyperlipidemic patients, the EPA administration significantly increased plasma adiponectin levels (p＜0.05), accompanied by a decrease in insulin resistance designated by the HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) score (p＜0.05) and Hs-CRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein) value (p＜0.05). In the cardiac surgery patients, no significant effect of EPA on cardiac adverse events such as POAF was observed. However, our results clearly demonstrated that both the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the 2nd-line antibiotic requirement in the EPA group were significantly decreased compared to the untreated control group (p＜0.05). We suggest that EPA administration may exert anti-inflammatory effects in patients with hyperlipidemia and in those undergoing cardiac surgery, possibly through an increase in plasma adiponectin levels