Estimated pretreatment hemodynamic prognostic factors of aneurysm recurrence after endovascular embolization.

BACKGROUND:Hemodynamic factors play important roles in aneurysm recurrence after endovascular treatment. OBJECTIVE:Predicting the risk of recurrence by hemodynamic analysis using an untreated aneurysm model is important because such prediction is required before treatment. METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed hemodynamic factors associated with aneurysm recurrence from pretreatment models of five recurrent and five stable posterior communicating artery (Pcom) aneurysms with no significant differences in aneurysm volume, coil packing density, or sizes of the dome, neck, or Pcom. Hemodynamic factors of velocity ratio, flow rate, pressure ratio, and wall shear stress were investigated. RESULTS:Among the hemodynamic factors investigated, velocity ratio and flow rate of the Pcom showed significant differences between the recurrence group and stable group (0.630 ± 0.062 and 0.926 ± 0.051, P= 0.016; 56.4 ± 8.9 and 121.6 ± 6.7, P= 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that hemodynamic factors may be associated with aneurysm recurrence among Pcom aneurysms. Velocity and flow rate in the Pcom may be a pretreatment prognostic factor for aneurysm recurrence after endovascular treatment

Exclusive Expression of Transketolase in the Vanadocytes of the Vanadium-Rich Ascidian, Ascidia sydneiensis samea

Ascidians, especially those belonging to the Ascidiidae, are known to accumulate extremely high levels of vanadium in vanadocytes, one type of blood (coelomic) cell. Vanadium, which exists in the +5 oxidation state in seawater, is accumulated in the vanadocytes and reduced to the +3 oxidation state. We have been trying to characterize all of the polypeptides specific to vanadocytes and to specify the proteins that participate in the accumulation and reduction of vanadium. To date, we have localized three enzymes in vanadocytes: 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH: EC 1.1.1.44), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH: EC 1.1.1.49), and glycogen phosphorylase (GP: EC 2.4.1.1), all of which are involved in the pentose phosphate pathway. In the current study, we cloned a cDNA for transketolase, an essential and rate-limiting enzyme in the non-oxidative part of the pentose phosphate pathway, from vanadocytes. The cDNA encoded a protein of 624 amino acids, which showed 61.8 0dentity to the human adult-type transketolase gene product. By immunocytochemistry and immunoblot analyses, the transketolase was revealed to be a protein that was expressed only in vanadocytes and not in any of the more than ten other types of blood cell. This finding, taken together with the localized expression of the other three enzymes, strongly supports the hypothesis that the pentose phosphate pathway functions exclusively in vanadocytes

Two elderly patients with advanced maxillary gingival carcinoma with complete response to concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy

金沢大学附属病院歯科口腔外科The use of the novel oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer drug S-1 as a single agent or in combined chemotherapy has been reported to be useful for the treatment of advanced oral cancer. We report two elderly patients with advanced oral cancer who achieved complete response (CR) after concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy. Patient 1 was an 81-year-old woman who had a 50. mm × 40. mm tumor erosion in the right upper gingival region. At 2.5 years after the end of concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy, tumor relapse was observed, although CR continued temporarily. The patient died 3 years after the end of concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy due to tumor relapse and high blood pressure resulting in deterioration of patient condition. Patient 2 was an 89-year-old woman who had a 40. mm × 30. mm tumor ulcer in the right gingiva. Neither relapse nor metastasis was seen, and patient condition remained good for the 3 years after concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy. In both patients, MRI showed that the tumor had deeply invaded the palatal bone, almost reaching the nasal cavity, with metastasis to the right upper superior internal jugular nodes. In both patients, biopsy showed a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Concurrent radiotherapy and S-1 chemotherapy induced CR without severe adverse effects. © 2010 Asian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Comparison of maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for occlusal cant correction surgery and maxillary advanced surgery

金沢大学医学部附属病院歯科口腔外科Objective: To compare postoperative maxillary stability following Le Fort I osteotomy for the correction of occlusal cant as compared with conventional Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. Study design: The subjects were 40 Japanese adults with jaw deformities. Of these, 20 underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) to correct asymmetric skeletal morphology and inclined occlusal cant. The other 20 patients underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) to advance the maxilla. Lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were taken postoperatively and assessed statistically. Thereafter, the 2 groups were followed for time-course changes. Results: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to time-course changes during the immediate postoperative period. Conclusion: This suggests that maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for cant correction does not differ from that after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. © 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved

Oral hypofunction in the older population : Position paper of the Japanese Society of Gerodontology in 2016

Background: There is growing international interest in identifying the effects of ageing on oral health and on appropriate strategies for managing oral disorders. The Japanese Society of Gerodontology (JSG), as the official representative of researchers and clinicians interested in geriatric dentistry in Japan, makes several recommendations on the concept of “oral hypofunction.” Aims: This study proposes diagnostic criteria and management strategies to reduce the risk of oral hypofunction among older people. Conceptual Framework: We define oral hypofunction as a presentation of 7 oral signs or symptoms: oral uncleanness; oral dryness; decline in occlusal force; decline in motor function of tongue and lips; decline in tongue pressure; decline in chewing function; and decline in swallowing function. The criteria of each symptom were determined based on the data of previous studies, and oral hypofunction was diagnosed if the criteria for 3 or more signs or symptoms were met. Conclusions: We recommend that more evidence should be gathered from clinical studies and trials to clarify our diagnostic criteria and management strategies

Evaluation of upper lip hypoesthesia with a trigeminal somatosensory-evoked potential following Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with mandibular osteotomy

金沢大学医学部附属病院歯科口腔外科Purpose: The purpose of this study was to objectively evaluate hypoesthesia of the upper lip following Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with mandibular osteotomy with trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential (TSEP). Subjects and methods: The subjects consisted of 25 patients with mandibular prognathism with maxillary retrognathism mandibular prognathism with or without asymmetry, who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy in combination with sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) or intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO).Trigeminal nerve hypoesthesia at the region of the upper lip was assessed bilaterally by the TSEP method. The electrodes were placed exactly above the highest point of the vermilion border and on the mucosa of the upper lip. An electroencephalograph recording system (Neuropack Sigma; Nihon Koden Corp., Tokyo, Japan) was used to analyze the potentials. Each patient was evaluated preoperatively and then postoperatively at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Results: The average measurable period and standard deviation of TSEP of the upper lip was 7.8 ± 10.7 weeks following Le Fort I osteotomy, TSEP of the lower lip was 4.6 ± 9.2 weeks in the patients who underwent SSRO with Le Fort I osteotomy, and 1.2 ± 0.4 weeks in the patients who underwent IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. Conclusion: This study objectively proved that hypoesthesia could appear in the upper lips following Le Fort I osteotomy with TSEP. The measurable period for the upper lip following Le Fort I osteotomy tended to be longer than that for the lower lip in the patients who underwent SSRO and IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. © 2007 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved

Modification of single-nucleotide polymorphism in a fully humanized CYP3A mouse by genome editing technology

Abe, S., Kobayashi, K., Oji, A. et al. Modification of single-nucleotide polymorphism in a fully humanized CYP3A mouse by genome editing technology. Sci Rep 7, 15189 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15033-

Condylar and disc positions after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy with and without a Le Fort I osteotomy

金沢大学医学部附属病院歯科口腔外科The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) morphology and clinical symptoms after intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) with and without a Le Fort I osteotomy. Of 50 Japanese patients with mandibular prognathism with mandibular and bimaxillary asymmetry, 25 underwent IVRO and 25 underwent IVRO in combination with a Le Fort I osteotomy. The TMJ symptoms and joint morphology, including disc tissue, were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by magnetic resonance imaging and axial cephalogram. Improvement was seen in just 50% of joints with anterior disc displacement (ADD) that received IVRO and 52% of those that received IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. Fewer or no TMJ symptoms were reported postoperatively in 97% of the joints that received IVRO and 90% that received IVRO with Le Fort I osteotomy. Postoperatively, there were significant condylar position changes and horizontal changes in the condylar long axis on both sides in the two groups. There were no significant differences between improved ADD and unimproved ADD in condylar position change and the angle of the condylar long axis, although distinctive postoperative condylar sag was seen. These results suggest that IVRO with or without Le Fort I osteotomy can improve ADD and TMJ symptoms along with condylar position and angle, but it is difficult to predict the amount of improvement in ADD. © 2006 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

A propensity score matching study on robot-assisted radical cystectomy for older patients : comparison of intracorporeal ileal conduit and cutaneous ureterostomy

Background: Robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and intracorporeal urinary diversion are less invasive than conventional procedures. However, for older patients, cutaneous ureterostomy (CUS) may be preferred because urinary diversion using the intestine has a high incidence of perioperative complications and is highly invasive. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of intracorporeal ileal conduit (ICIC) compared with CUS in patients aged 75 years or older who underwent RARC. Methods: From October 2014 to December 2021, 82 patients aged 75 years or older who underwent RARC at Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital, or Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 52 and 25 patients who underwent ICIC and CUS, respectively, were included. After adjusting the patients’ characteristics using propensity score-matching, surgical results and prognoses were retrospectively compared. The propensity score was based on age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status Scale (ECOG-PS), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification (ASA-PS), clinical tumor stage, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: The median age was lower in the ICIC group compared with the CUS group, and the proportion of high-risk cases (ECOG-PS ≥ 2 or ASA-PS ≥ 3) did not differ. The median operation time was longer in the ICIC group, and estimated blood loss was higher, compared with the CUS group. There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications within the first 30 postoperative days, incidence of complications 30–90 days after surgery, 2 year overall survival, 2-year cancer-specific survival, and 2-year recurrence-free survival. The stent-free rate was significantly lower in the CUS group than that in the ICIC group. Conclusion: In older patients, the ICIC group showed non-inferior surgical and oncological outcomes compared with the CUS group. Urinary diversion following RARC in older patients should be carefully selected by considering not only the age but also the general condition (including comorbidities) of the patient