Clarification of the Damage Mechanism of the Long-Period Bridge System Damaged by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake

This study aims to clarify the damage mechanism of a long-period bridge system-the Ohkirihata Bridge damaged in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake-subjected to the combined effects of long-period pulsive ground motions and surface fault displacements. The target bridge's site-specific waveforms at abutment A1 were estimated using the finite difference method. Linear dynamic analysis with a three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge structure-underground interconnected system was performed to examine the effects of longperiod pulsive ground motions on the coupled responses of essential structural components: superstructure, rubber bearings, abutments, piers, foundations and underground

An attempt to quantify Pedagogical Content Knowledge for Japanese high school physics teachers

A CASE STUDY OF HOW TO HANDLE THE ELECTRIC CURRENT CONCEPT For quality science education, it is essential to fully grasp the concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) proposed by Shulman (1987). Therefore, there is a need to develop teachers' PCK in science education. In prior research, CoRes (Content Representations) and PaP-eRs (Pedagogical and Professional-experience Repertoires) (Magnusson et al., 1999) have been used as a framework to elicit from teachers the PCK components: orientations toward science teaching, knowledge of students’ understanding of science, knowledge of science curriculum, knowledge of instructional strategies, and knowledge of assessment in science. The CoRes consist of eight questions designed to elicit the science teacher's understanding of specific aspects of PCK, such as an overview of key ideas, points of confusion. The PaP-eRs is a useful framework for showing the deeper aspects of science teachers' PCK, for example, in this study it consists of CoRes-based interview transcripts. However, these studies represent teachers' PCK qualitatively and remain case studies. Therefore, the  study we are presenting, aims to represent PCK quantitatively based on previous studies. The context of the investigation is how electric current is handled in the first hour of an electricity unit in high school. METHOD Beginning in May 2022, we preliminarily surveyed and analyzed four teachers who teach physics in high schools. Interviews were conducted with teachers based on the CoRes and PaP-eRs frameworks. Interview transcripts are categorized by PCK components. The number of utterances that appeared in each category was then recorded and represented as a radar chart. RESULTS An example of one teacher’s radar chart of the items with the highest number of utterances as 1 is shown in Figure 1 (see Abstract PDF). Each item represents knowledge of students’ understanding of science, knowledge of science curriculum, knowledge of instructional strategies, and knowledge of assessment in science. Since the first hour is assumed, the number of occurrences of knowledge of assessment in science may be low. It should be noted that this figure does not represent teacher qualifications, as the actual context and understanding of the students they teach in their learning varies among the teachers surveyed. In the current analysis, we only consider the number of utterances. Therefore, we would like to consider the need for weighting in future research. Although the number of surveys is limited at this time, we will increase the number of surveys and present a more detailed study. REFERENCES Magnusson, S. J., Borko, H., & Krajcik, J. S. (1999). Nature, sources, and development of pedagogical content knowledge for science teaching. In J. Gess-Newsome & N. Lederman (Eds.), Examining Pedagogical content Knowledge (pp. 95-132), Boston, MA: Kluwer Press. Shulman, L. S. (1987). Knowledge and teaching: Foundations of the new reform. Harvard Educational Review, 57(1), 1–22

Quantitative laser diffraction method for the assessment of protein subvisible particles

Shinichiro Totoki, Gaku Yamamoto, Kouhei Tsumoto, Susumu Uchiyama, Kiichi Fukui. Quantitative Laser Diffraction Method for the Assessment of Protein Subvisible Particles. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Volume 104, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 618-626. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.24288

マウス ノ コツガ サイボウ MC3T3-E1 ヲ モチイタ タンスイ シンジュガイ Hyriopsis schlegeli ノ ホネ ユウドウ ニ タイスル エイキョウ ： in vitro ニ オケル ダクカイ ト ミダクカイコ ノ ヒカク

We tested the nacre of the freshwater mollusk Hyriopsis schlegeli for its ability to induce the osteogenesisin the present study. Powdered EDTA-decalcified (0.3-1mm) and undecalcified nacre (300-425μm)were cultured with mouse osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) for four weeks. Three experimental groups were comparedin the present study. Medium for the culture was a combination of alpha-modified Eagle\u27s medium, 10 %fetal bovine serum, and 1 % L-glutamine. The group A (n=10) applied undecalcified nacreous powder alone,whereas the group B (n=10) applied only decalcified nacreous powder. In group A and B, one grain of nacreouspowder was placed in each dish. The group C (n=20) applied one decalcified and one undecalcifiednacreous grains in each dish. These two grains were placed at a distance of less than 1mm. The sampleswere stained with alizarin red S, von Kossa, van Gieson, Mallory, and alcian blue at the end of the 4-weekculture. The results showed that the newly formed meshed tissue around the decalcified nacre was lessprominent than that around the undecalcified nacre. The meshed tissue around the decalcified nacre waspositively stained with van Gieson and Mallory, which are considered to be specific for collagen. Themeshed tissue around the undecalcified nacre was presumably osteoid tissue because it was positivelystained with all stains except alcian blue. Thus, the undecalcified nacre of freshwater mollusk Hyriopsisschlegeli may induce osteogenesis, while the decalcified nacre is less potent to induce calcified osteoid

Development if a new bone implantation method using recombinant BMP-2 (induced bone implantation)

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 基盤研究(C)研究期間: 2000～2002課題番号: 12671932研究代表者: 山本 学（滋賀医科大学・医学部・講師）研究分担者: 瀧上 啓志（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助手

Stduy on residual fluoride materials in human body by fluoride analysis

科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書研究種目: 一般研究(C)研究期間: 1994～1995課題番号: 06672046研究代表者: 木村隆英（滋賀医科大学・医学部・助教授）研究分担者: 山本 学（滋賀医科大学・医学部・講師

ダッカイ シンジュソウ ハ シンセイコツ ヲ ユウドウ デキルカ

Undecalcified nacre has been proved to have the potential to stimulate new bone formation butthe decalcified nacre has not been demonstrated so far. Does the decalcified nacre have osteoinductive potential?We design an experiment to test this issue. In our study, a group of EDTA-decalcified nacre chips,which were previously immersed in an alpha modified of Eagle\u27s medium, were cultured respectively with0.2 and 0.4 million of osteoblasts. The second group of EDTA-decalcified nacre chips, which were previouslyimmersed in a Dulbecco\u27s phosphate buffered saline (without Ca2+ and Mg2+), were cultured correspondinglywith 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 2.0 million of osteoblasts. We demonstrated that new material was found at the nacreosteoblastinterface within 72 hours in the first group of 0.4 million of osteoblasts and in the second group of0.9 and 2.0 million of osteoblasts. Therefore, we suggest that the decalcified nacre should have certain inductivepotential for bone formation and that the pretreatment with alpha modification Eagle\u27s medium mightfacilitate the formation of bone

Large-scale mapping observations of the CI(3P1-3P0) and CO(J=3-2) lines toward the Orion A molecular cloud

Large scale mapping observations of the 3P1-3P0 fine structure transition of atomic carbon (CI, 492 GHz) and the J=3-2 transition of CO (346 GHz) toward the Orion A molecular cloud have been carried out with the Mt. Fuji submillimeter-wave telescope. The observations cover 9 square degrees, and include the Orion nebula M42 and the L1641 dark cloud complex. The CI emission extends over almost the entire region of the Orion A cloud and is surprisingly similar to that of 13CO(J=1-0).The CO(J=3-2) emission shows a more featureless and extended distribution than CI.The CI/CO(J=3-2) integrated intensity ratio shows a spatial gradient running from the north (0.10) to the south (1.2) of the Orion A cloud, which we interpret as a consequence of the temperature gradient. On the other hand, the CI/13CO(J=1-0) intensity ratio shows no systematic gradient. We have found a good correlation between the CI and 13CO(J=1-0) intensities over the Orion A cloud. This result is discussed on the basis of photodissociation region models.Comment: Text file is 13 pages long, and 3 figure files (pdf format). NRO Report No. 508 (1999). University of Tokyo, Resceu 41/9

Development of Training Program for Early Childhood Care Supporters: Involved in the Training Program in Nagoya

departmental bulletin pape