Self-Selection into Export Markets by Business Services Firms: Evidence from France, Germany and the United Kingdom

This study reports results from an empirical investigation of business services sector firms that (start to) export, comparing exporters to firms that serve the national market only. We estimate identically specified empirical models using comparable enterprise level data from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Exporters are more productive and pay higher wages on average in all three countries. Results for profitability differ across borders – profitability of exporters is significantly smaller in Germany, significantly larger in France, and does not differ significantly in the UK. The results for wages and productivity hold in the years before the export start, which indicates self-selection into exporting of more productive services firms that pay higher wages. The surprising finding of self-selection of less profitable German business services firms into exporting does not show up among firms from France and the UK where no statistically significant relationship between profitability and starting to export is found.business services firms, exports, self-selection, France, Germany, UK

And What of the Meek?: Devising a Constitutionally Recognized Duty to Protect the Disabled at State Residential Schools

Section 1983 provides a statutory right to a remedy for Fourteenth Amendment due process violations. The Supreme Court has suggested that the state only has a duty to protect when an individual is incarcerated, involuntarily institutionalized, or has other similar restraints of his or her personal liberty. Based on this, courts generally have found that schools have no constitutional duty to protect their students against injury from other students or staff members. Lower courts have struggled with what constitutes other similar restraints, but have generally been unwilling to find that a state has a constitutional duty in all but the most egregious situations. This Note posits that handicapped students at residential schools are in situations sufficiently similar to incarceration or involuntary institutionalization that the schools should have a constitutional duty to protect these students. The proposed duty would allow those students least able to protect themselves an avenue of recovery while preserving the general no-duty rule in the more universal public school settings

A Reflective Approach To Building An Inclusive Classroom And School Community For Students In Special Education

Teachers today have a responsibility to teach a wide range of learners in the general education classroom. Federal laws in the United States such as Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), and Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) were implemented to ensure that all children are held to higher expectations and with appropriate services to learn in public schools. At the same time, researchers have demonstrated that a teacher’s experience, lack of support in the classroom and varied belief on inclusive education can impact the outcome of achieving inclusion. The purpose of this research is to address the question, What approach can educators use in public schools to build an inclusive classroom and school community for students in special education? Jack Mezirow’s Transformative Learning Theory was used in this project to guide the framework of a professional development training that will foster reflective thinking and discourse in schools. This training will help individuals to be aware of their strengths, weaknesses and areas of improvements through using self recorded videos in the classroom, self-reflective questionnaires, and applying reflective discussion in professional learning community (PLC) groups

Japanesa : From Quaint Japan

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/1678/thumbnail.jp

Smart mobility solutions for efficient and sustainable transportation in small metropolitan areas: a case study of ASAYISH township

In order to investigate smart mobility solutions for effective and sustainable transportation in small metropolitan areas, this article offers a case study of ASAYISH Township. A literature review, case study analysis, and interviews with important players in the transportation and urban planning sectors made up the research approach. The findings show that the efficiency and sustainability of transportation in small metropolitan areas may be increased by implementing smart mobility solutions, such as intelligent transportation networks, electric automobiles, and shared mobility services. The conclusion of the article emphasizes the requirement for policymakers to give the implementation of smart transportation solutions in small metropolitan regions top priority

Myocardial energy metabolism in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

In chapter 1, short and long term outcomes were assessed in diabetic phenotypes. The phenotypes have been propensity matched for factors that significantly contribute to outcomes. Tablet controlled diabetics have worse short and long term outcomes compared to a non-­‐diabetic. This is important as T2D status (those not on insulin) are not considered in EUROSCORE. Refining surgical risk based on more discrete classifications of continuous variables is required.In chapter 2, EPF was dysfunctional and is highly associated with EPF lipolysis in T2D and this may overload the T2D heart with FFA that exceeds its ability to oxidise. Identifying EPF volume may be a sensitive surrogate for LV IMCL and abnormal cardiac energy metabolism. The LV IMCL was higher in T2D versus non-­‐T2D. VDR was significantly associated with IMCL and the majority of IMCL was located close to the myofibrillar T-­‐tubule. The role that VDR/IMCL relationship plays in cellular lipogenesis and calcium metabolism and action potential propagation requires further study. This may be an important mechanism linking abnormal energy metabolism with poor contractile function. We identified that serum β-­‐hydroxybutyrate is a predictor of IMCL. Promoting ketone oxidation (due to its oxygen efficiency) prior to surgery may be protective against ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) induced myocardial damage.In chapter 3, RA tissue was exposed to ischaemia and reperfusion in two vitamin D (50nmol/L and 100 nmol/L) doses. Genes controlling energy metabolism were assessed after experimental I/R. Cell viability and injury markers confirmed cell viability. FFA oxidation and PDK was decreased and insulin sensitivity, glucose transport and glucose oxidation increased. None of the gene expression profiles were significant when comparing 50 to 100 nmol/L. This shift in energy substrate glucose oxidation may be beneficial in the I/R period to protect the heart from cellular damage