Qubit state transfer via discrete-time quantum walks

We propose a scheme for perfect transfer of an unknown qubit state via the discrete-time quantum walk on a line or a circle. For this purpose, we introduce an additional coin operator which is applied at the end of the walk. This operator does not depend on the state to be transferred. We show that perfect state transfer over an arbitrary distance can be achieved only if the walk is driven by an identity or a flip coin operator. Other biased coin operators and Hadamard coin allow perfect state transfer over finite distances only. Furthermore, we show that quantum walks ending with a perfect state transfer are periodic.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Two-dimensional quantum walk under artificial magnetic field

We introduce the Peierls substitution to a two-dimensional discrete-time quantum walk on a square lattice to examine the spreading dynamics and the coin-position entanglement in the presence of an artificial gauge field. We use the ratio of the magnetic flux through the unit cell to the flux quantum as a control parameter. For a given flux ratio, we obtain faster spreading for a small number of steps and the walker tends to be highly localized around the origin. Moreover, the spreading of the walk can be suppressed and decreased within a limited time interval for specific rational values of flux ratio. When the flux ratio is an irrational number, even for a large number of steps, the spreading exhibit diffusive behavior rather than the well-known ballistic one as in the classical random walk and there is a significant probability of finding the walker at the origin. We also analyze the coin-position entanglement and show that the asymptotic behavior vanishes when the flux ratio is different from zero and the coin-position entanglement become nearly maximal in a periodic manner in a long time range.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, sections 3 and 4 revise

EXHIBITION STAND OF ARCHITECTURE IN A GLOBAL DESIGN ENVIRONMENT: ICONIC BUILDINGS

Abstract. Globalization and consumption culture have had an impact on the urban fabric as well as on all other areas. Consumption culture plays a key role not only in social and economic life but also in physical and spatial transformation of urban space. Urban actors have developed various strategies to enable cities to survive in this environment. In this process within the global economy, cities have started hosting new avenues that promote consumption, the most salient examples of which are iconic buildings. Cities today use iconic buildings to vie with each other, to gain advantage over their competitors and to create impressive images. This process began with the Sydney Opera House, and architecture has been increasingly involved in it to build landmark structures to highlight the values of cities and to create brand cities. The aim of this study is to reveal the characteristics of iconic buildings that are increasing in number and playing an important role in the creation of brand cities.The problem is addressed by the identification of features, concepts and situations related to iconic buildings, and the analysis of an iconic building. A literature review was conducted to highlight the significant aspects of iconic buildings. Iconic buildings are mostly associated with globalization, urban space, famous architects and buildings, and means and architectural understandings. These concepts are addressed with a focus on the Heydar Aliyev Center designed by architect Zaha Hadid. Even though iconic buildings are designed as physically unique and different, their aims and design approaches are similar.However, buildings that claim to be original will start, after a period of time, to look like each other and sometimes lose their value due to globalization and rapid spread of consumption cultureKeywords: Globalization, Brand City, Architecture, Iconic Buildings, Zaha Hadi

UČINCI STRUKTURNIH REFORMI NA GOSPODARSKI RAST: DOKAZI IZ ODABRANIH ZEMALJA UNUTAR PROGRAMA KOJI PODRŽAVA MMF

This study investigates the effects of structural reforms in fiscal, financial, trade, and real sectors on economic growth for 56 countries within the IMF-Supported Program over the 2002-19 period. Using a novel data- base (IMF Monitoring of Fund Arrangements-MONA), it constructs newstructural reform indexes for each sector employing the Z-score approach. The present study highlights that all structural reforms except for real sec- tor reforms in all models, constructed based on the extended Cobb-Douglas production function, have a positive and statistically significant impact on economic growth. The robustness of the models is confirmed by using two different structural reform indexes for each sector and two different estimators considering cross-sectional dependence. Empirical findings point to the structural reforms being potentially key factors that provide strong long-term growth performance for countries. Hence, along with the relevant traditional policies and sufficiently developed institutions, policymakers should extend the structural reforms to lift potential growth and provide lasting economic recovery.U radu se istražuju učinci strukturnih reformi u fiskalnom, financijskom, trgovinskom i realnom sektoru na gospodarski rast za 56 zemalja unutar programa koji podržava MMF, za razdoblje od 2002. do 2019. godine. Koristeći novu bazu podataka (MMF-ovo praćenje aranžmana fondova – MONA, engl. IMF Monitoring of Fund Arrangements), konstruiraju se novi indeksi strukturnih reformi za svaki sektor koristeći pristup Z-score-a. Ovaj rad ističe da sve strukturne reforme, osim reformi realnog sektora, u svim modelima konstruiranim na temelju proširene Cobb-Douglasove proizvodne funkcije, imaju pozitivan i statistički značajan utjecaj na gospodarski rast. Robusnost modela potvrđena je uporabom dva različita indeksa strukturnih reformi za svaki sektor i dva razli- čita procjenitelja uzimajući u obzir prosječnu ovisnost. Empirijski nalazi ukazuju na to da su struk- turne reforme potencijalno ključni čimbenici koji osiguravaju snažan dugoročni rast za zemlje. Stoga bi, uz relevantne tradicionalne politike i dovoljno (dostatno) razvijene institucije, kreatori politika trebali proširiti strukturne reforme kako bi podigli potencijalni rast i osigurali trajni gospodarski oporavak