Mathematical Modelling Method Application for Optimisation of Catalytic Reforming process

The application of mathematical modelling method monitoring of catalytic reforming unit of Komsomolsk oil-refinery is proposed. The mathematical model-based system “Catalyst's Control” which takes into account both the physical and chemical mechanisms of hydrocarbon mixture conversion reaction as well as the catalyst deactivation was used for catalytic reforming installation monitoring. The models created can be used for optimization and prediction of operating parameters (octane number, reactors outlet temperature and yield) of the reforming process. It is shown, that the work on the optimal activity allows increasing product output with a constant level of production costs, and get the information about Pt-Re catalyst work efficiency

The impact of innovations in the production of biologically valuable food products on supply chain management in the regional economy

Abstract— The article shows a study of the role of supply chain management of innovative biologically valuable food products in the industrial development and economy of the region. The analysis of the process of updating the assortment of food products based on the introduction of innovative developments and production principles conducive to the release of a healthy diet product (innovative product) is presented. The main provisions of the concept of healthy food products, the category of “innovative food products” are analyzed. The article systematizes the definitions of the concept of “innovative product”. Based on the results of the study, features, functional properties and characteristic features of an innovative food product are determined. Based on the concept of “innovative food product”, the concepts of “new food product”, “improved food product”, and “modified food product” are formulated. A classification model of innovative food products is presented. Based on it, it is shown that the development, production and sale of an innovative food product two functions: economic and social. The study made it possible to formulate the main criteria that make it possible to attribute a food product to a group of innovative food products. The article describes the characteristics of an innovative food product, describes market and consumer properties. The author's definitions of concepts are given: “innovative food product”, “new food product”, “improved food product”, “modified food product”. A classification of innovative food products is proposed

Неинвазивные методы диагностики фиброза печени при хронической HCV-инфекции

Objective: to study the values of fibrosis indices and transient elastometry in patients with chronic HCV infection who received antiviral therapy.Materials and methods: The study included 64 patients with chronic HCV infection who received antiviral therapy with direct-acting antiviral drugs or a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin.The fibrosis indices AAR, APRI and FIB-4 were calculated before the start of therapy and 6 months after its completion. Values of AAR>1, APRI≥1,5, and FIB-4≥1,45 were considered indicators of severe fibrosis. We studied the dynamics of fibrosis indices and elastometry values depending on the treatment regimen, their correlation and the prognostic significance of fibrosis indices in relation to elastometry.Results. Among patients treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs, a sustained virologic response was achieved in 100%, and peginterferon-containing regimen – in 85%. Elastometry and APRI and FIB-4 indices decreased in both groups. In patients without liver cirrhosis, the average elastometry after treatment decreased from 9,5±1,7 kPa to 6,7 ± 1.4 kPa (p = 0,0006). In patients with liver cirrhosis, the median of elastometry decreased from 20 to 11,7 kPa (p = 0,0006), the median of APRI decreased from 2,09 to 0,61 (p = 0,005), FIB-4 from 3,95 up to 2,22 (p = 0,022). The prognostic significance of FIB-4 in relation to elastometry before treatment was 81%, after – 82%.Conclusion. Successful etiotropic therapy leads to an improvement in values of liver fibrosis indices and transient elastometry in patients with HCV infection, including liver cirrhosis, regardless of the treatment regimen. The FIB-4 index showed the highest sensitivity and prognostic significance in determining severe fibrosis.Цель: изучение показателей индексов фиброза и транзиентной эластометрии у пациентов с хронической HCV-инфекцией, получивших противовирусную терапию.Материалы и методы: в исследование были включены 64 пациента с хронической HCV-инфекцией, получивших противовирусную терапию препаратами с прямым противовирусным действием или комбинацией пегинтерферона и рибавирина.Индексы фиброза AAR, APRI и FIB-4 рассчитывались до начала терапии и через 6 месяцев после ее завершения. Значения AAR>1, APRI≥1,5 и FIB-4≥1,45 считались показателями выраженного фиброза. Были изучены динамика индексов фиброза и показателей эластометрии в зависимости от схемы лечения, их корреляция и прогностическая значимость индексов фиброза по отношению к эластометрии.Результаты. Среди пациентов, получивших терапию препаратами с прямым противовирусным действием, устойчивый вирусологический ответ был достигнут у 100%, пегинтерферон-содержащую схему – у 85%. Показатели эластометрии и индексов APRI и FIB-4 уменьшились в обеих группах. У пациентов без цирроза печени средние показатели эластометрии после лечения с 9,5±1,7 кПа снизились до 6,7±1,4 кПа (р=0,0006). У пациентов с циррозом печени медиана значений эластометрии уменьшилась с 20 до 11,7 кПа (р=0,0006), медиана значений APRI уменьшилась с 2,09 до 0,61 (p=0,005), FIB-4 – с 3,95 до 2,22 (p=0,022). Прогностическая значимость FIB-4 по отношению к эластометрии до лечения составила 81%, после – 82%.Заключение. Успешная этиотропная терапия приводит к улучшению показателей индексов фиброза печени и транзиентной эластометрии у пациентов с HCV-инфекцией, в том числе и при циррозе печени, независимо от схемы лечения. Индекс FIB-4 показал наивысшую чувствительность и прогностическую значимость в определении тяжелого фиброза

Factors affecting the results of analgesic therapy. Results of the Russian multicentre study of NOTE (NSAID: Open-label Trial of Efficacy)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most popular medications for the treatment of pain in common musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA) and non-specific low back pain (LBP). However, the factors affecting the effectiveness of these drugs have not been determined fully. Aim: to identify factors affecting the effectiveness of NSAIDs in patients with OA and LBP. Materials and methods. An observational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a 2-week course of NSAIDs in OA and LBP in real clinical practice. The study group consisted of 3604 patients with OA and LBP (60.6% women and 39.4% men, mean age 55.0±13.4 years). According to the study design, aceclofenac (Airtal) and other NSAIDs used in the ratio 1:1. The main criterion of effectiveness was the frequency of complete pain relief after 2 weeks of therapy. In addition, the decrease of pain and general health were determined on a 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS). We compared the frequency of complete pain relief in patients who had and did not have the studied factors. The value of the studied factors was determined using OR (95% CI). Results and discussion. Most patients received aceclofenac (54.9%), as well as diclofenac (2.0%), ketoprofen (1.9%), lornoxicam (2.2%), meloxicam (13.7%), naproxen (2.1%), nimesulide (5.8%), celecoxib (5.9%), ethicoxib (7.1%) and other NSAIDs (4.4%); 56.2% of patients received muscle relaxants, mainly tolperisone (74.7%), vitamin B (10.4%), and proton pump inhibitors (42.8%). Complete pain relief was achieved in 54.8% of patients. The pain decrease and general health improvement were (for NRS) 63.9±13.4% and 61.7±14.8%, respectively. The efficacy of aceclofenac was slightly higher than in the whole group: complete pain relief was in 59.9% of patients. Adverse events in aceclofenac use were observed in 2.3% of patients, other NSAIDs-from 2.4 to 14.1%. The frequency of complete pain relief was higher in men: OR 1,239 (95% CI 1.08-1.418; p=0.002), who had the first episode of pain - OR 3.341 (95% CI 2.873-3.875; p=0.000), a good" response " to NSAIDs in history - OR 1.656 (95% CI 1.385-1.980; p=0.000) and received NSAIDs in combination with muscle relaxants - OR 1.218 (95% CI 1.067-1.390; p=0.004). The effect of therapy is lower in patients 65 years and older-OR 0,378 (95% CI 0.324-0.442; p=0,000), with body mass index >30 kg/m² - OR 0.619 (95% CI 0.529-0.723; p=0.000), with severe pain (≥7 points NRS) - OR 0.662 (95% CI 0.580-0.756; p=0.002), with pain at rest, - OR 0.515 (95% CI 0.450-0,589; p=0.000), pain at night - OR 0.581 (95% CI 0.501-0.672; p=0.000) and the presence of stiffness - OR 0.501 (95% CI 0.438-0,573; p=0.000). Treatment results are significantly worse in the cases of combination of LBP and joint pain, as well as pain in the trochanter major and pes anserinus area (

Резолюция Совета экспертов «Итоги многоцентрового рандомизированного двойного слепого плацебо-контролируемого исследования Артнео у пациентов с первичным остеоартритом коленного сустава II–III стадии

On August 31,2023 in V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology a meeting of the Expert Council was held at which the principal investigators and co-investigators of the ARTNEO-2021 protocol "Multicenter randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of ARTNEO in patients with stage II-III primary knee osteoarthritis" was held. A consensus position was developed on the possibility and feasibility of using a combination of undenatured (native) type II collagen, methylsulfonylmethane, boswellic acids, vitamins C and D (ARTNEO complex) in clinical practice. Based on the results of the study, the use of the ARTNEO complex can be recommended as part of a complex therapy for patients with osteoarthritis as a course treatment with total duration up to 6 months. The results of the study can only be interpreted in relation to ARTNEO and cannot be transferred to preparations with a different composition.31 августа 2023 г. в ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой» состоялось заседание Совета экспертов с участием главных исследователей и соисследователей по протоколу Artneo-2021 «Многоцентровое рандомизированное двойное слепое плацебо-контролируемое исследование Артнео у пациентов с первичным остеоартритом коленного сустава II–III стадии». Разработана согласованная позиция в отношении возможности и целесообразности использования комбинации неденатурированного (нативного) коллагена II типа, метилсульфонилметана, босвеллиевых кислот, витаминов С и D (комплекс Артнео) в клинической практике. Основываясь на результатах исследования, в составе комплексной терапии пациентов с остеоартритом может быть рекомендовано применение комплекса Артнео общим курсом до 6 мес. Результаты исследования могут быть интерпретированы только по отношению к Артнео и не могут распространяться на композиции с иным составом

Prevalence and associated factors of anemia in a Russian population: the Ural eye and medical study

Background: Although anemia is one of the leading causes of the global burden of disease, information about its prevalence in Russia is mostly missing. We therefore assessed its prevalence and associated factors in a Russian population. Methods: The population-based Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible individuals (mean age:59.0 ± 10.7 years;range:40–94 years) who underwent a standardized interview and detailed general examination. The definition of anemia was based on the hemoglobin concentration (definition #1:hemoglobin concentration < 140 g/L in men,< 130 g/L in women; definition #2:hemoglobin concentration < 130 g/L in men,< 120 g/L in women [World Health Organization definition]). Results: Higher hemoglobin concentration (mean:142.6 ± 14.8 g/L; range:80-171 g/L) was associated (multivariable analysis) with male gender (P < 0.001; standardized regression coefficient beta:-0.20), higher waist-hip circumference ratio (P < 0.001;beta:0.05), higher prevalence of car ownership (P < 0.001;beta:0.05), higher blood concentrations of bilirubin (P < 0.001;beta:0.05) and triglycerides (P < 0.001;beta:0.06), lower erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.001;beta:-0.32), and shorter blood clotting time (P < 0.001;beta:-0.39). Using definition #1 and #2, anemia was detected in 1385 individuals (23.6%;95% confidence interval CI)CI:22.5,24.7) and in 453 individuals (7.7%;95%CI:7.0,8.4), respectively. Prevalence of moderate anemia (hemoglobin concenttration:110 g/L-80 g/L), detected in 165 individuals (2.8%;95%CI:2.4,3.2), increased with younger age (P = 0.008;odds ratio (OR):0.98;95%CI:0.96,0.99), female gender (P < 0.001;OR:2.52;95%CI:1.47,4.33), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.001;OR:1.08;95%CI:1.06,1.09), longer blood clotting time (P < 0.001;OR:8.56;95%CI:5.68,12.9), and marginally significantly, with a lower waist-hip circumference ratio (P = 0.058;OR:0.13;95%CI:0.02,1.07). In women, it was significantly (P < 0.001) higher before menopause (8.8%;95%CI:6.4,11.1) than after menopause (3.5%;95%CI:2.8,4.3). Conclusions: In this Russian population as compared to populations from countries with a similar socio-demographic index, anemia prevalence was relatively low. As in other populations, higher anemia prevalence was strongly and inversely associated with menopause, and to a minor degree, with lower waist-hip circumference ratio and lower socio-economic background

Морфологические аспекты повреждений проксимального отдела плечевой кости у разных возрастных групп

Introduction. Fracture of the proximal humerus is a common injury that accounts for up to 12 % of all bone fractures and up to 65 % of humeral fractures. 13 % to 16 % of fractures in this segment are multi-fragment with bone impression. This significantly complicates the task of internal fixation. This study aims to analyze the gender and age group distribution of patients with proximal humerus fractures, and morphological aspects of these injuries.Materials and methods. This paper presents a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological and morphological parameters of patients treated surgically for proximal humerus injuries at the Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the State Regional Clinical Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan № 1 in the city of Oktyabrsky in 2010–2016. The total of 191 patients were included in the study, 121 (63.35 %) females and 70 (36.65 %) males.Results and discussions. A signifi cant increase (more than three times) in the number of proximal humerus fractures was recorded in women in the 50–65 age group and in men in the 55–60 age group. The increase in the incidence of this type of injury does not exceed 22.4 % in comparison to the younger age groups. The increase in the number of injuries in question is undoubtedly due to changes in the bone metabolism in women. The analysis of character and morphology of fractures in women of older age groups indicates a greater prevalence of unstable injury of type 1.1.B and 1.1.C according to AO/ASIF classifi cation, which, again, is due to the demineralization of the segment determined by systemic metabolic abnormalities. The fi ndings indicate the need for perioperative monitoring of the bone metabolism parameters.Conclusion.The morphology and types of fractures depend on a patient’s age and bone quality. A signifi cant increase in this pathology in women of perimenopausal age refl ects changes in bone metabolism.Введение. Переломы проксимальной части плечевой кости — это травма, которая составляет до 12 % от числа всех переломов костей скелета и до 65 % от переломов плечевой кости. От 13 до 16 % переломов в данном сегменте имеют многооскольчатый характер с импрессией костной ткани, что значительно усложняет задачу внутренней фиксации. Цель данного исследования — проанализировать гендерную и возрастную структуру пациентов с переломами проксимального отдела плечевой кости, а также морфологические особенности данных повреждений.Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ эпидемиологических и морфологических параметров пациентов, прооперированных по поводу повреждений проксимального отдела плечевой кости на базе отделения травматологии и ортопедии ГБУЗ РБ ГБ № 1 г. Октябрьский за период с ноября 2010 по ноябрь 2016 г.Результаты и обсуждение. Значительное увеличение количества переломов проксимального отдела плечевой кости (более чем в 3 раза) регистрируется у женщин в возрастной группе 50–65 лет, у мужчин в возрастной категории 55–60 лет. Увеличение количества повреждений у женщин, несомненно, обусловлено перименопаузальными изменениями костного метаболизма. Анализ характера и морфологических особенностей переломов у женщин старших возрастных групп свидетельствует о большей распространенности нестабильных повреждений типа 1.1.В и 1.1.С по классификации АО/ASIF, что опять-таки обусловлено деминерализацией сегмента на фоне сопутствующих обменно-метаболических нарушений системного характера. Выявленные особенности свидетельствуют о необходимости периоперационного мониторинга параметров костного метаболизма.Заключение. Морфология и типы переломов зависят от возраста пациента и качества кости. Значительный рост данной патологии у женщин перименопаузального возраста говорит об изменениях метаболизма в костях, вследствие чего необходим мониторинг костного метаболизма в периоперационный период

Многоцентровое проспективное исследование эффективности и безопасности гликозаминогликан-пептидного комплекса у пациентов с остеоартритом коленных суставов и коморбидностью

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex (GPC, Rumalon) used in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and comorbidities (hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Patients and methods: A 10-month multicenter (13 centers from 10 subjects of the Russian Federation) prospective study included 179 patients with Stages II–III primary tibiofemoral knee OA and comorbidity, a walking pain intensity of ≥40 mm on a visual analogue scale (VAS), and a need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (for at least 30 days in the previous 3 months). The efficiency of treatment was evaluated from the changes in VAS scores for knee pain intensity during walking, the overall WOMAC score and scores of its individual indicators, laboratory parameters, and ultrasound data. All the patients received 2 cycles of GPC treatment with 25 injections, by following the manufacturer's instructions.Results and discussion. Even at 2 months after starting the treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in pain during walking from 60 (50–69) to 40 (27–53.5) mm on the VAS (p< 0.05), which persisted during the follow-up period. A similar pattern was found when assessing the WOMAC index and its components. The drug demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect: a decrease in the number of patients with synovitis from 55.7 to 39.2% (p=0.02), the level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) from 3.2 (1.3–6.2) to 2.6 (1.2–5.7) mg/l (p< 0.05). GPC was ascertained to have a safety profile.Conclusion. The data of this study confirm the good therapeutic effect and safety of GPC Rumalon in knee OA patients with hypertension and/or T2DM. The drug is shown to have a rapid analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect, as well as a positive influence on all clinical manifestations of OA.Цель исследования – оценка эффективности и безопасности применения гликозаминогликан-пептидного комплекса (ГПК) у пациентов с остеоартритом (ОА) коленных суставов и коморбидными заболеваниями (артериальная гипертензия – АГ – и/или сахарный диабет – СД – 2-го типа).Пациенты и методы. В многоцентровое (13 центров из 10 субъектов Российской Федерации) 10-месячное проспективное исследование включено 179 пациентов с первичным тибиофеморальным ОА коленных суставов II–III стадии и коморбидностью, интенсивностью боли при ходьбе ≥40 мм по визуальной аналоговой шкале (ВАШ), потребностью в приеме нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (как минимум 30 дней за предшествующие 3 мес).  Эффективность лечения оценивалась по динамике интенсивности боли в коленном суставе при ходьбе по ВАШ, индекса WOMAC в целом и отдельных его параметров, лабораторных показателей и данных УЗИ. Все пациенты получили 2 курса лечения ГПК по 25 инъекций в соответствии с инструкцией фирмы-производителя.Результаты и обсуждение.  Уже через 2 мес после начала лечения отмечено статистически значимое снижение боли при ходьбе по ВАШ с 60 (50–69) до 40 (27–53,5) мм (р<0,05), которое сохранялось на протяжении всего периода наблюдения. Аналогичная закономерность выявлялась и при оценке индекса WOMAC и его составляющих. Продемонстрирован противовоспалительный эффект препарата: уменьшение количества пациентов с синовитом с 55,7 до 39,2% (р=0,02), уровня высокочувствительного СРБ с 3,2 (1,3–6,2) до 2,6 (1,2–5,7) мг/л (р<0,05). Установлен высокий профиль безопасности ГПК. Заключение. Данные настоящего исследования подтверждают хорошее лечебное действие и безопасность ГПК у больных ОА коленных суставов с АГ и/или СД 2-го типа. Показаны быстрый анальгетический и противовоспалительный эффект препарата, его позитивное влияние на все клинические проявления ОА.