Green catalytic valorization of hardwood biomass into valuable chemicals with the use of solid catalysts

Results of the study on green valorization of hardwood biomass into valuable chemicals with the use of solid catalysts were described. The heterogeneous catalytic processes of hemicelluloses and cellulose hydrolysis, wood oxidative fractionation and lignin depolymerization in supercritical spirits are suggested to employ for the green biorefinery of hardwood to xylose, pure cellulose, glucose, alcohols and liquid hydrocarbons

Baikal-GVD

We present the status of the Gigaton Volume Detector in Lake Baikal (Baikal-GVD) designed for the detection of high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. The telescope consists of functionally independent clusters, sub-arrays of optical modules (OMs), which are connected to shore by individual electro-optical cables. During 2015 the GVD demonstration cluster, comprising 192 OMs, has been successfully operated in Lake Baikal. In 2016 this array was upgraded to baseline configuration of GVD cluster with 288 OMs arranged on eight vertical strings. Thus the instrumented water volume has been increased up to about 5.9 Mtons. The array was commissioned in early April 2016 and takes data since then. We describe the configuration and design of the 2016 array. Preliminary results obtained with data recorded in 2015 are also discussed

Molecular - cytogenetic analysis of cattle that are kept in the zones contaminated by radioactive substances as a result of the Chernobyl accident

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Individual And Typical Anatomical Variability Of Femoral Bone Structure And Morphology Of Nutrient Foramen

45 morphometric parameters of femoral bones (n=45) have been studied. Their 3 shape variants have been picked out according to thickness-prolixity index. The peculiarities of entry angle of diaphysial artery in connection with the bone shape have been revealed. Zones of the most and the least concentration of nutrient foramen have been determine

Individual and typological morphogeometric features of the proximal of femoral bone

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the structure of the proximal femur and its individual anatomical variability, namely the size of the femoral neck and the angle of torsion. These results suggest that the mor-phogeometry of the femur (the femoral neck axis length and width of the neck) may influence on the risk of fractures of the femoral neck in people of different body typ

Comparative analysis of morphological and topometric parameters of lumbar spine in normal state and in degenerative-dystrophic changes

Objective: to carry out comparative analysis and identify patterns of topographic variation patterns of lumbar spine in normal and degenerative changes. Material and methods. CT- and MRT-grams for men and women I (M1-22-35 years; W — 21-35 years) and II (M2-36-60 years; W2-36-55 years) periods of mature age with no signs of trauma, scoliosis and systemic diseases of the spine (n=140) and CT- and MRT-grams in patients with revealed degenerative changes in the lumbar spine degree II-III (n=120). The pictures with digital PACS system measure the height of the vertebral body, intervertebral disc height, vertical, horizontal diameter and the area of intervertebral foramen. Results. The height of the lumbar vertebral bodies normally increased from27,90±0,38mmatthe level of L, to 29,93±0,33 mm Lm, and then decreased to 24,35±0,27 mm at level L^, in osteochondrosis it is statistically significantly lower at all levels on average by 20%. The height of the intervertebral disc with osteochondrosis below at all levels by an average of 25% of its value in the range 5,27±0,19 to 6,13±0,17mm, while the normal disc height varies from 6,88±030 to 9,36±0,28mm. The area of intervertebral holes normally ranging from 103,29±5,78 to 127,99±5,92mm2, with osteochondrosis aperture area is reduced to a greater extent by decreasing the vertical diameter in comparison with the horizontal. Conclusion. For the studied parameters characteristic topographic variability has been determined. The maximum values parameters are marked at the top of the lumbar lordosis, at chest height, lumbar and lumbosacral junctions sizes are reduced. In osteochondrosis the intervertebral disc height and the height of lumbar vertebral bodies are reduced; intervertebral foramina area is also reduced to a greater extent by reducing the vertical diameter than the horizontal one