On the Pragmatic Thought of Gabelentz from the Address Words of Chinesische Grammatik

Chinesische Grammatik is a book about Chinese grammar compiled by Hans Georg von der Gabelentz, in the 19th century. It is also a textbook for teaching Chinese as a second language. Among them, “weft” is a comprehensive system, which contains his pragmatic thought beyond the times. The study of appellations not only shows Hans Georg von der Gabelentz’s pragmatic thought, but also reflects his idea that the cultivation of learners’ language ability should be the overall goal in Chinese teaching and the role of culture in cross-cultural communication. And the advanced educational concept of learning to use

Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Aging

Aging is an intricate phenomenon characterized by progressive decline in physiological functions and increase in mortality that is often accompanied by many pathological diseases. Although aging is almost universally conserved among all organisms, the underlying molecular mechanisms of aging remain largely elusive. Many theories of aging have been proposed, including the free-radical and mitochondrial theories of aging. Both theories speculate that cumulative damage to mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the causes of aging. Oxidative damage affects replication and transcription of mtDNA and results in a decline in mitochondrial function which in turn leads to enhanced ROS production and further damage to mtDNA. In this paper, we will present the current understanding of the interplay between ROS and mitochondria and will discuss their potential impact on aging and age-related diseases

The Performances Optimization of Finger Seal Based on Fuzzy Game Theory

AbstractLeakage and abrasion are two key performances of finger seals (FS). They not only contradict each other in FS design but also relate to many design parameters. Moreover, in the multi-objective optimization progress, the problems of optimizing results decision and preference requirement for optimization objectives are still challenge to researcher. So far, they are still important influence factors for advanced FS design. Therefore, the current work presents a new multi-objective optimization method by introducing game theory and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory. The optimizing results are compared to that of the general optimization method and finite element method (FEM). The study show that the FS, which is obtained by presented optimization method, has good performances. Compared respectively with the general optimization method and FEM, the computational results indicate that the presented method can effectively reflect the different response requirements of optimization objectives. Furthermore, the decision-making difficulty for multi-objective optimization of FS performances is significantly reduced

Regulation of Senescence in Cancer and Aging

Senescence is regarded as a physiological response of cells to stress, including telomere dysfunction, aberrant oncogenic activation, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. This stress response has an antagonistically pleiotropic effect to organisms: beneficial as a tumor suppressor, but detrimental by contributing to aging. The emergence of senescence as an effective tumor suppression mechanism is highlighted by recent demonstration that senescence prevents proliferation of cells at risk of neoplastic transformation. Consequently, induction of senescence is recognized as a potential treatment of cancer. Substantial evidence also suggests that senescence plays an important role in aging, particularly in aging of stem cells. In this paper, we will discuss the molecular regulation of senescence its role in cancer and aging. The potential utility of senescence in cancer therapeutics will also be discussed

Which factors affect the live birth outcome of the first single euploid frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer in couples with balanced chromosomal translocations?

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the live birth rate (LBR) of the first single euploid frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer (FBT) cycles after preimplantation genetic testing for structural rearrangements (PGT-SR) in couples with balanced chromosomal translocations (BCT).DesignSingle center, retrospective and observational study.MethodsA total of 336 PGT-SR and the first single euploid FBT cycles between July 2016 and December 2022 were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the live birth outcomes. The parameters of the study population, controlled ovarian stimulation cycles, and FBT cycles were analyzed. Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to find the factors that affected the LBR.ResultsThe percentage of blastocysts at developmental stage Day 5 compared to Day 6 (51.8% vs. 30.8%; P<0.001) and with morphology ≥BB compared to <BB (49.7% vs. 32.2%; P=0.001) was significantly different between the group that resulted in live births (n=193) and the group that did not (n=143). The results of the multivariable binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the developmental stage (adjusted OR: 2.068, 95%CI 1.291-3.313; P=0.003) and morphology (adjusted OR: 1.697, 95%CI 1.039-2.773; P=0.035) of the blastocyst were significantly correlated with live birth. Patients with blastocysts that reached the developmental stage at Day 5 and had a morphology of ≥BB had a higher likelihood of having a live birth.ConclusionThe developmental stage and morphology of blastocyst affect the live birth outcome of the first single euploid FBT in BCT carriers undergoing PGT-SR

Fault identification technology for gear tooth surface wear based on MPE method by MI and improved FNN algorithm

Multiscale Permutation Entropy (MPE) is a presented nonlinear dynamic technology for measuring the randomness and detecting the nonlinear dynamic change of time sequences and can be used effectively to extract the nonlinear dynamic wear fault feature of gear tooth surface from vibration signals of gear set. To solve the subjectivity drawback of threshold parameter selection process in MPE method, a joint calculation method based on the Mutual Information (MI) and improved False Nearest Neighbor (FNN) principle for calculating threshold parameters for MPE method was presented in this article. Then, the influence of threshold parameters on the identification accuracy of fault features with the MPE was studied by analyzing simulation data. Through the simulation analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed MPE method is validated. Finally, the wear failure test of spur gear was carried out, and the proposed method was applied to analyze the experimental data of fault signal. Meanwhile, the vibration characteristics of the fault signal are acquired. The analysis results show that the proposed method can effectively realize the fault diagnosis of gear box and has higher fault identification accuracy than the existing methods

Influence of characteristic parameters of signal on fault feature extraction of singular value method

The detection of mechanical fault signals by singular value decomposition is a commonly used method in fault diagnosis. The delay time of the fault signal time series and the rationality of the value of the phase space embedding dimension, as well as the fluctuation of the characteristic parameters of the fault signal, will cause the singular value decomposition method to have a greater impact on the accuracy of fault feature identification and diagnosis. In this article, the simulation model of the similarity signal is established by the combination of the autocorrelation function method and the Cao’s algorithm. Then, the delay time of the signal sequence and the optimal value of the embedded dimension are obtained through simulation. Next, using this method to study the fluctuation of the characteristic parameters such as the frequency, amplitude and initial phase of the signal, the relationship between the characteristic parameters of the signal and the singular value of the signal is obtained. Finally, through the experimental study of the pitting corrosion of the gear tooth surface, the vibration of the fault feature is obtained. The research shows that the combination of autocorrelation function method and Cao's algorithm can calculate the optimal characteristic parameters for the singular value decomposition method and improve the ability of the method to identify fault features

Aero-Engine Fault Diagnosis Using Improved Local Discriminant Bases and Support Vector Machine

This paper presents an effective approach for aero-engine fault diagnosis with focus on rub-impact, through combination of improved local discriminant bases (LDB) with support vector machine (SVM). The improved LDB algorithm, using both the normalized energy difference and the relative entropy as quantification measures, is applied to choose the optimal set of orthogonal subspaces for wavelet packet transform- (WPT-) based signal decomposition. Then two optimal sets of orthogonal subspaces have been obtained and the energy features extracted from those subspaces appearing in both sets will be selected as input to a SVM classifier to diagnose aero-engine faults. Experiment studies conducted on an aero-engine rub-impact test system have verified the effectiveness of the proposed approach for classifying working conditions of aero-engines

Computationally Efficient Energy Management in Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on Approximate Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle

This article presents an energy management method for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) based on approximate Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (A-PMP). The A-PMP optimizes gearshift commands and torque distribution for overall energy efficiency. As a practical numerical solution in PMP, the proposed methodology utilizes a piecewise linear approximation of the engine fuel rate and state of charge (SOC) derivative by considering drivability and fuel economy simultaneously. Moreover, battery aging is explicitly studied by introducing a control-oriented model, which aims to investigate the effect of battery aging on the optimization performance in the development of the HEVs. An approximate energy management strategy with piecewise linear models is then formulated by the A-PMP, which targets a better performance for the Hamiltonian optimization. The gearshift map is extracted from the optimal results in the standard PMP to hinder frequent gearshift by considering both drivability and fuel economy. Utilizing an approximated Hamilton function, the torque distribution, gearshift command, and the battery aging degradation are jointly optimized under a unified framework. Simulations are performed for dynamic programming (DP), PMP, and A-PMP to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results indicate that the proposed methodology achieves a close fuel economy compared with the DP-based optimal solution. Moreover, it improves the computation efficiency by 50% and energy saving by 3.5%, compared with the PMP, while ensuring good drivability and fuel efficiency. Document type: Articl

Sound field separation method for motorcycle coherent sound sources

To solve the problem of main noise sources of motorcycles running at high speed, especially restoring the free sound field information of the target sound source in the non-free sound field, direct separation method with single holographic surface is proposed. According to the transfer function relationship between the theoretical and the measured sound pressure on the holographic surface based on the wave superposition algorithm, the individual radiation information of the target sound source in the coherent sound field is obtained. Through numerical simulation, it is found that the method could effectively separate the coherent sources. The radiation sound of motorcycles engine speed at 6000 r/min is measured, and the results show that the direct sound field separation method can effectively separate the coherent sound sources and intake noise radiate the higher pressure amplitude